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How Atoms Form Compounds Explained

The document discusses how compounds are formed by combining atoms. It explains that some atoms tend to lose electrons to become more stable, while others tend to gain electrons. It then provides three examples of compounds formed by combining atoms with different charges: 1) Sodium and chlorine form sodium chloride as sodium loses an electron and chlorine gains it, balancing their charges. 2) Lithium and oxygen form lithium oxide as lithium loses an electron and oxygen gains two, again balancing their charges. 3) Aluminum and fluorine form aluminum fluoride as aluminum loses three electrons and fluorine gains one, once more balancing their charges.

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10 views13 pages

How Atoms Form Compounds Explained

The document discusses how compounds are formed by combining atoms. It explains that some atoms tend to lose electrons to become more stable, while others tend to gain electrons. It then provides three examples of compounds formed by combining atoms with different charges: 1) Sodium and chlorine form sodium chloride as sodium loses an electron and chlorine gains it, balancing their charges. 2) Lithium and oxygen form lithium oxide as lithium loses an electron and oxygen gains two, again balancing their charges. 3) Aluminum and fluorine form aluminum fluoride as aluminum loses three electrons and fluorine gains one, once more balancing their charges.

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Formation of Compounds

• Some atoms tend to lose electrons • Some atoms tend to gain


to become more stable. electrons to become more stable.

What happens if we throw them together?


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Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

1) Sodium + Chlorine
Throw them together:
Na Cl
Na Cl
+ -
Na Cl
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

1) Sodium + Chlorine
Throw them together:
Na Cl
Na Cl
+ -
Na Cl
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

1) Sodium + Chlorine → Sodium chloride

Na Cl
Na Cl
+ -
Na Cl

Ion charges balance – Compound is neutral


Combining Atoms to make Compounds:
But I want
2) Lithium + Oxygen 2 electrons

Li O Li
O
+ 2-
Li O
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

2) Lithium + Oxygen Much better!

Li O Li
O
+ 2-
Li
Li O
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

2) Lithium + Oxygen

Li O Li
O
+ 2-
Li
Li O
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

2) Lithium + Oxygen → Lithium oxide

Li O Li
O
+ 2-
Li
Li O
2

Ion charges balance – Compound is neutral


Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

3) Aluminium + Fluorine I’d like to lose


I’ll only take
3 electrons
1 electron

Al F F
Al
3+ - F I’ll take 1
Al F
F
Me too
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

3) Aluminium + Fluorine

Al F F
Al
3+ - F
Al F
F
Combining Atoms to make Compounds:

3) Aluminium + Fluorine → Aluminium Fluoride

Al F F
Al
3+ - F
Al F
F
3
How the periodic table was really made

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