CHAPTER III

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

This chapter will present the discussion of the methods and

techniques that will be used in gathering data and other information

related to the study. It represents the research design, the research

setting, and respondents of the study, the research instruments used,

and procedure in gathering data.

THE RESEARCH DESIGN

This study will determine the status of utilization of

Information and Communications Technology in DPWH Sorsogon 1st and

2ND District, also it will find out if profiling has significant

relationship with the utilization of ICT. The descriptive-survey

method will be used to determine the status in terms of

communication, human resource management, document control, project

management, procurement and financial management. It will also be

used to reveal problems, factors and issues being encountered by the

respondents.

The total target respondents will be 250 respondents, composed

of 150 permanent employees, 50 job order employees and 50

visitors/residents of both district. The main instrument that will

be used in this study is survey questionnaire and unstructured

 36

interview which will be distributed per district of Province of

Sorsogon. Documents and records from related agencies and units will

also be used for data gathering. In addition, documentary analysis

and observation will be used. The gathered data will be analyzed by

appropriate statistical tools and measure with the help of

statistician. Since the study is a descriptive-survey, qualitative

and quantitative approach will be utilized.

THE SAMPLE

The main source of data will be taken exclusively from

250 respondents from DPWH Sorsogon 1ST and 2ND District

Engineering Offices, as follows: Eighty eight (88) and Sixty

two (62) Permanent Employees from DPWH Sorsogon 1st and 2nd

DEO, respectively. Twenty five (25) each Job Order Employees

and Clients/Residents of District. A total of 250

respondents. Sorsogon 1st DEO was upgraded into first class

hence, they have higher number of permanent employees.

All of the employees were selected according to the

variables. Communication, Human Resource Management, and

Document Control will have data from all respondents while

Project Management, Procurement and Financial Management will

have data from specific section added from the general

questionnaire. Job Orders per section will also be selected

 37

according to its qualification to meet the required number

per district as well as for the clients/residents.

Not included as respondents of the study were those districts

outside the Province of Sorsogon. The target distribution of

respondents is shown in Table 1. Whilst Table 1.2 shows the breakdown

of respondents

Table 1

The Respondents
Respondents Frequency Percentage
DPWH Sor 1st DEO 138 55.20%

DPWH Sor 2nd DEO 112 44.80%

Total 250 100.00%

Table 1.2

Breakdown of Respondents
Respondents Frequency Percentage
District Engineers (DE) 2 0.80%
Assistant District
Engineers (ADE)
2 0.80%
Planning and Design
Section
27 10.80%
Construction Section 23 9.20%
Maintenance Section 36 14.40%
Quality Assurance 18 7.20%
Administrative Section 23 9.20%
Finance Unit 8 3.20%
Procurement Unit 11 4.40%
Job Order 50 20.00%
Clients/Residents 50 20.00%
Total 250 100.00%
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THE INSTRUMENT

The main instrument that will be used to gather the

needed data is a survey-questionnaire. This survey-

questionnaire will allow target respondents to assess the

status of utilization of ICT. Also, the survey questionnaire

will already have printed name of the district to prevent

data mix up. For the purpose of the study, the questions were

grouped under four main sections. General Information, ICT

Infrastructure, Status of Utilization of ICT and; Factors

hindering ICT Utilization.

The first part, “General Information” will deal with

respondent’s years of experience in DPWH Sorsogon, age, years

of experience and section. This aspect was deemed necessary

in order to ascertain the reliability and credibility of the

data.

The second part “ICT Infrastructure” will ask to

identify several ICT hardware and software being used inside

and outside the agency for additional data.

The third part “Status of Utilization of ICT” inquires

about the level of ICT usage. This is in relation to tasks

and activities carried out digitally or by the computer and

usage ICT tools and applications within the agency. It will

use the five point type Likert ordinal scale to measure level
 39

of usage from “Highly Utilized” to “Not Utilized”. That is,

5= Highly Utilized, 4= Somewhat Utilized, 3= Averagely

Utilized, 2= Less Utilized, 1= Not Utilized.

The fourth and the final part “Factors hindering ICT

Utilization” will ask respondents to score identified reasons

hindering the utilization of ICT. The Likert rating scale

will be again adopted to extract the appropriate ratings from

5= Strongly Agree, 4= Agree, 3= No Opinion/Uncertain, 2=

Disagree, 1= Strongly Disagree.

The factors cited from Chapter Two will be used as basis

for Part Four questions.

Since all permanent employees are required to answer the

questionnaire, no sampling will be used. For Job Order

Employees, since each section has its own job orders, it will

be seen as a group, stratified sampling will be used for

random selection within groups. Again, the identification of

some key respondents to the questionnaires was purposive, i.e

procurement questions for procurement unit, financial

questions for finance unit.

To ensure validity and reliability of the instrument,

the researcher will conduct a dry run first, 50 respondents,

before giving the final questionnaire and as it will determine

response rate as shown in Table 1.3.

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DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES

Beforehand, the researcher will prepare pertinent

documents for obtaining permission from head of office. This

will inform concerned officials regarding the current study.

The researcher will then disseminate questionnaires to DPWH

Sorsogon 1st DEO, Guinlajon, Sorsogon City and will visit the

following day DPWH Sorsogon 2nd DEO, Payawin, Gubat, Sorsogon

for distribution of questionnaires. The researcher will also

ensure that the questionnaire will be given to each section

personally to prevent loss of questionnaires. After 10-15

working days, retrieval will commence. Moreover, ensuring

full retrieval of 100% survey-questionnaires will be

prioritized.

Table 1.3

Questionnaires Sent and Returned

No. Sent No. Returned Response Rate

DPWH Sor 1st DEO 138 125 90.58%

DPWH Sor 2nd DEO 112 100 89.29%

Each questionnaire is a vital piece of study. After

retrieval of the questionnaire, classification of respondents

will be done for each section for data conformity. Responses

will be tallied and summarized. The Researcher will also

 41

sought help from statistician for data analysis. Other

sources of data to support the study will be taken from each

District.

DATA ANALYSIS PROCEDURES

The data will be tabulated, analyzed and interpreted

through the appropriate usage of statistical tools and

measures.

Frequency Analysis, descriptive statistical methods such

as tables, bar charts and pie charts will be used to analyze

the responses from the questionnaire.

The statistical analysis that will be used in “Status of

Utilization of ICT” is the Mean index score. In order to

determine the degree usage of ICT for, the following

classification of the ratings based on the Likert Scaling

will be used.

Utilization of ICTs

Description Scale

Highly Utilized 4.5 – 5.00

Somewhat Utilized 3.5 – 4.49

Averagely Utilized 2.50 – 3.49

Less Utilized 1.50 – 2.49

Not Utilized 1.49 – below

 42

For “Factors hindering ICT Utilization”, the researcher

will use one sample t-test in the analysis of this data to

determine the significant solutions offered by respondents

and most important reasons hindering ICT utilization. The

scale below will be used.

Factors Affecting Utilization

Description Scale

Strongly Agree 4.5 – 5.00

Agree 3.5 – 4.49

No opinion/Uncertain 2.50 – 3.49

Disagree 1.50 – 2.49

Strongly Disagree 1.49 - below

 43

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