SUSTAINABLE DESIGN

Pertemuan 8
1 November 2018

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Hubungan Arsitektur dan Sustainability Design

•  Perancangan bangunan kurang memperhatikan

keselarasan dengan alam dalam hal pemanfaatan
SDA dan teknologi yang tidak ramah terhadap alam
sehingga perancangan bangunan secara arsitektur
mempunyai andil besar memicu Pemanasan Global
dan berakibat pada turunnya kualitas hidup manusia

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Hubungan Arsitektur dan Sustainability Design

•  Saatnya rancang bangun arsitektur lebih memahami

alam melalui pendekatan dan pemahaman terhadap
perilaku alam lebih dalam agar tidak terjadi
kerusakan alam yang lebih parah

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Architecture And Climate Change

•  Biasanya kita berpikir

bahwa GRK berasal
dari bahan bakar
minyak, tetapi sumber
emisi dan energi
terbesar ternyata ada di
Bangunan/Buildings.

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Architecture And Climate Change
Building Sector Emissions
Increasing Dramatically

•  Umur bangunan kurang

lebih 50 – 100 tahun
•  Dari grafik terlihat, energi
yang digunakan semakin
banyak seiring dengan
banyaknya bangunan dari
tahun ke tahun

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 POLLUTION IS AN ACT OF DESIGN
Remember, EVERYTHING that is called 'disposable' was DESIGNED
from day one to be garbage--as its PRIMARY and overriding design
consideration.”

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EVEN THIS BUILDING
Was designed to be
thrown out!

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 Environmentally sensi/ve design looks to design in harmony
with, and in response to the climate. It a7empts to use the
natural solar and ven:la:on characteris:cs of the local
climate/environment to inform the building design so to
minimize use and dependency on consump:ve non
renewable energy sources. Sustainable building design looks
to “live lightly on the earth” so that there will be quality and
resources remaining for genera:ons to come.

Eden Project, United Kingdom

– incorporating nature and
innovative architectural design
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The Sustainable Ethic:
Sustainable building is not a new style of building. It is a way to think about
how we design, construct, and operate buildings. Its primary goal is to
lessen the harm poorly designed buildings cause by using the best of
ancient building approaches in logical combina:on with the best of new
technological advances. Its ul:mate goal is to make possible offices,
homes, even en:re subdivisions that are net producers of energy, food,
clean water and air, beauty, and healthy human and biological
communi:es.

Green buildings try to take less from the earth

and give more to people.

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 Defini:ons of Sustainable Design
Sustainable development is seeking to meet the needs of the present without
compromising those of future genera:ons.

Sustainability envisions the enduring prosperity of all living things.

Sustainable design seeks to create communi:es, buildings, and products that
contribute to this vision.

To paraphrase educator and author David Orr: Sustainable design is the
careful meshing of human purposes with the larger pa7erns and flows of
the natural world.

To paraphrase architect Bill Reed: Sustainable design is a process that

supports and improves the health of the systems that sustain life.
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 “The world will not evolve past its current state of
crisis by using the same thinking that created
the situation.”

– Albert Einstein
The current environmental problems of the world are
the result of Design …the world of DESIGN needs
some Radical thinking if we are to Design ourselves
out of the problem!

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 Radical PHILOSOPHY!??

WASTE = FOOD
(the human race is the only species to
DESIGN things with the INTENTION that they
become GARBAGE!)

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MIMIC NATURAL CYCLES

Design for a closed loop where WASTE

becomes FOOD and FEEDS back into a
healthy cycle….

compostable end product

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 Radical PROPOSITION!??

DESIGN FOR DISASSEMBLY

So that we can take things (even buildings!)
apart and easily repair or reuse them
REUSE MEANS LESS ENERGY THAN RECYCLE

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MIMIC OTHER INDUSTRIES

DESIGN BUILDINGS TO COME APART SO THAT THEY CAN

BE REPAIRED, REUSED AND RECYCLED – EASILY! 16
 Inconvenient TRUTH

BUILDINGS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR

BETWEEN
40% TO 70% OF WORLD CARBON
EMISSIONS
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SEALED BUILDINGS CANNOT BREATHE

ELEVATORS AND LIGHTS NEED POWER

MODERN ARCHITECTURE DOES NOT
WORK!
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 Radical AWAKENING!
•  Grid and energy dependent buildings/
environment/systems DID NOT WORK!
•  OPERABLE WINDOWS WORKED!
•  NATURAL VENTILATION WORKED!
•  SHADE WORKED!
•  SUNLIGHT WORKED!
•  DAYLIT SPACES WORKED!
•  WALKABLE NEIGHBOURHOODS WORKED!
•  BICYCLES WORKED!

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 Radical THOUGHT!??

MAYBE WE SHOULD BEGIN TO DESIGN

OUR BUILDINGS/ENVIRONMENTS IN
REVERSE!
Start with a basic UNPLUGGED building

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 Four Key Steps:
RADICAL STEPS!
#1 - start by UNPLUGGING the building
Then…
#2 – heat only with the sun
#3 – cool only with the wind and shade
#4 – light only with daylight

USE the ARCHITECTURE first, and mechanical systems only

to supplement what you cannot otherwise provide.
#5 – USE RENEWABLE CLEAN ENERGY BEFORE HOOKING
UP TO NATURAL GAS, OIL OR THE REGULAR ELECTRICAL
GRID (with all of its nas:ness – including CO2)
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 Radical IS Passive…

PASSIVE DESIGN is where the building

uses the SUN, WIND and LIGHT to heat,
cool and light
ARCHITECTURALLY

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 Radical REALIZATION
#1 - OUR NORTH AMERICAN LIFESTYLE OF
CONSUMPTION IS NOT SUSTAINABLE
#2 – DEVELOPING COUNTRIES (WITH
ZILLIONS MORE PEOPLE THAN WE) ARE
STRIVING TO BE JUST LIKE US….

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 CO2 Produc:on by Country in 1997
Country CO2 Produced (tonnes of carbon)
Total (millions) Per Capita
U.S. 1,489.6 5.48
China 913.8 0.75
Russia 390.6 2.65
Japan 316.2 2.51
India 279.9 0.29
Germany 27.4 2.77
UK 142.1 2.41
Canada 133.9 4.42
Italy 111.3 1.94
Ukraine 100.4 1.97
Source: Carbon Dioxide Informa:on Analysis Center, Oak Ridge Na:onal Laboratory, Tennessee

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 CO2 Produc:on by Country in 2006
•  Country CO2 Produced % total world emissions
•  metric tonnes
•  U.S. 5,752 20.2%
•  China 6,103 21.5%
•  European Union 1,314 13.8%
•  Russia 1,564 5.5%
•  India 1,510 5.3%
•  Japan 1,293 4.6%
•  Canada 545 1.9%

The Global situa:on in the past 10 years has become many :mes WORSE. China’s
emissions INCREASED by 668% in 10 years.

Source: Wikipedia, accessed Sept 3, 2009

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Canadian GHG Stats:
Canadians create 2% of global GHGs, but are
0.05% of global population.

Canada is 9th largest emitter of GHG emissions,

but Canadians are the 2nd highest per capita
creators of GHGs in the world.

Energy use and GHGs by Sector in Canada:

Industrial 39% energy 33.3% GHGs
Transportation 29% energy 35.7% GHGs
Residential 17% energy 15.5% GHGs
Commercial &
Institutional 12% energy
Agriculture 3% energy

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Kyoto Protocol:T o stabilize atmospheric concentra:ons of greenhouse
gases at today's levels will require reducing human-
generated emissions by 80 percent immediately.
There are six greenhouse gases covered under the
protocol to the interna:onal conven:on on climate
change (the Kyoto Protocol) – carbon dioxide (CO2),
methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs),
perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulphur hexafluoride
(SF6).

The Kyoto protocol was agreed upon through international co-operation
under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC), which was created in 1992.
The Kyoto protocol came out of the UNFCCC’s December 1997 meeting
held in Kyoto, Japan.
Under the agreement, industrialized nations must reduce their emissions
of greenhouse gases by an average of 5.2 per cent (from 1990 levels) by
the period 2008 to 2012.

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 Consider the percentage of
energy used as a direct
result of “buildings”…

Who designs buildings?

So, who should be

held responsible for
them?

US figures

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Sustainable Checklist:
"Treat the Earth well. It was not given to you by your parents. It was
loaned to you by your children." --- Kenyan Proverb.
Ideally a sustainable building should:
•  make appropriate use of land
•  use water, energy, lumber, and other
resources
efficiently
•  enhance human health
•  strengthen local economies and
communi:es
•  conserve plants, animals, endangered The Liu Centre
University of British Columbia
species, and natural habitats Architectonica/Stantec

•  protect agricultural, cultural, and

archaeological resources
•  be nice to live in
•  be economical to build and operate 30
 The Challenge
•  Architects need to figure out how to solve this
problem by designing buildings more
sustainably and holis:cally
•  Also to use less and less fossil based fuels as
eventually we simply won’t be able to rely on
them.

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 Environmental Architecture:
Environmentally responsible architecture CAN make a huge difference.
Design and Construction
Industry as potential single
largest contributor (40%) to
Canada’s solutions for
compliance with the Kyoto
Protocol and for creating
long term ecological
sustainability.

‘Environmental Design is
definitely an avenue towards
The George and Kathy Dembroski Centre for sustainability.
Horticulture at the Toronto Botanical Garden
Montomery Sisam Architects
Toronto, Ontario
LEEDTM Silver
Great potential for
‘Environmental Leadership’
in architecture
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Five principles of an environmental Architecture:
(Thomas A. Fisher, AIA, November, 1992)
* Healthful Interior
Environment.
* Energy Efficiency.
* Ecologically Benign
Materials.
* Environmental Form.
* Good Design.

The Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research

University of Toronto
Benisch and Architect Alliance Architects

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Healthful Interior Environment.
* All possible measures are to be
taken to ensure that materials and
building systems do not emit toxic
substances and gasses into the
interior atmosphere. Addi:onal
measures are to be taken to clean
and revitalize interior air with
filtra:on and plan:ngs.

Cambridge City Hall

Diamond Schmitt Architects
Cambridge, Ontario
LEEDTM Gold
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 Energy Efficiency.
* All possible measures are to be taken to ensure that the building's use
of energy is minimal. Cooling, hea:ng and ligh:ng systems are to use
methods and products that conserve or eliminate energy use.

CMHC Healthy House Stratus Winery

Martin Leifhebber Architect Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario
(Breathe Architects) Les Andrew Architect
Toronto, Ontario LEEDTM Silver
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 Ecologically Benign Materials.
* All possible measures are to be taken to use building materials and products
that minimize destruc:on of the global environment. Wood is to be selected
based on non destruc:ve forestry prac:ces. Other materials and products
are to be considered based on the toxic waste output of produc:on.

Jackson Triggs Winery Mountain Equipment Coop

Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario Winnipeg, Manitoba
KPMB Architects Prairie Architects
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 Environmental Form.

* All possible measures are to be taken to relate the form and plan of the
design to the site, the region and the climate. Measures are to be taken to
"heal" and augment the ecology of the site. Accommoda:ons are to be
made for recycling and energy efficiency. Measures are to be taken to
relate the form of building to a harmonious rela:onship between the
inhabitants and nature.

YMCA Environmental Learning Centre

Paradise Lake, Ontario
Charles Simon Architect
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 Good Design.
* All possible measures are to be taken to achieve an efficient, long las:ng and
elegant rela:onship of use areas, circula:on, building form, mechanical systems
and construc:on technology. Symbolic rela:onships with appropriate history,
the Earth and spiritual principles are to be searched for and expressed. Finished
buildings shall be well built, easy to use and beau:ful.

White Rock Operations Centre, White Rock, BC Glen Eagles Recreation Centre, Vancouver, BC
Busby and Associates Patkau Architects
LEEDTM Gold
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 Your ecological footprint…
If we are not going to be part of the PROBLEM.
We are going to learn how to be part of the SOLUTION!

Project #1: Calculate your

ecological footprint. How many
planets are YOU using now….

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What is an ecological footprint?

It is a measure of our consumption

and/or emissions as a result of our
lifestyle.

Source: [Link]
The bottom line is

SMALLER IS BETTER! Calculating your “ecological footprint”

… can naturally extend to an
understanding of your “carbon
footprint”

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