8.79 Figure P8.79 provides steady-state operating data for a cogeneration cycle that generates electricity and provides heat for campus buildings. Steam at 1.5 MPa, 280°C, enters a two- stage turbine with a mass flow rate of 1 kg/s, A fraction of the total flow, 0.15, is extracted between the two stages at 0.2 MPa to provide for building heating, and the remainder expands through the second stage to the condenser pressure of 0.1 bar. Condensate returns from the campus buildings at 0.1 MPa, 60°C and passes through a trap into the condenser, where it is reunited with the main feedwater flow. Saturated liquid leaves the condenser at 0.1 bar. Determine (a) the rate of heat transfer to the working fluid passing through the boiler, in kW, (b) the net power developed, in kW. (©) the rate of heat transfer for building heating, in kW. (d) the rate of heat transfer to the cooling water passing through the condenser, in kW. & nti cae ee pin 1SMPa ies ee | = 8 are fe cs 1, =2480C = State P TCC) | _h(kiik) L 1.5 MPa 280 2992.7 2 0.2 MPa sat 2652.9 3 0.1 bar sat 2280.4 4 0.1 bar sat 191.83 5 1.5 MPa 193.34 6 0.1 MPa 60 251.13 7 0.1 bar 251.13 Fig P8.79Problem 8.79 (Continued) ~ Page 2 KNOWN: Water is the working fluid in a cogeneration cycle that generates electricity and provides heating for buildings. FIND: Determine (a) the rate of heat transfer to the working fluid passing through the steam ‘generator, (b) the net power developed, (c) the rate of heat transfer for building heating, and (d) the rate of heat transfer to the cooling water passing through the condenser. SCHEMATIC AND GIVEN DATA: See problem statement above and 7s diagram below. Ts diagram ENGINEERING MODEL: 1, Each component is analyzed as a control volume at steady state. The control volumes are shown on the accompanying sketch by dashed lines. 2. Water exits the condenser as saturated liquid. 3. There is no heat transfer between the outside of the condenser and the surroundings, ANALYSIS: (a) For a control volume enclosing the tubes carrying the working fluid through the boiler kg ig ]kW = [1-8 = 193.34) = |= ): ( 8 | osse7 93.3. es i s (b) Since the fraction of the total flow extracted at state 2 is y = 0.15, the fraction of total flow expanded through the second stage of the turbine is (1 —y) = 1 - 0.15 = 0.85. The net power developed is obtained from analysis of the turbine and the pump. For a control volume enclosingProblem 8.79 (Continued) ~ Page 3 the turbine i, = u(t, ~hy)+(0~ phi (hy Ms) kg Wy kg i ] kW] 1 | (2992.7 - 2652.9) — | + (0.85) 1—= | (2652.9 - 2280.4) — = 656.43 kW ( s it vel ( 5 ik | ‘EI s For a control volume enclosing the pump W, = ti (hs ~ hy) = (188][ovoae- 191, oe) Lael 151kW s The net power developed by the cycle is Woe =W, -W, = 656.43 KW — 1.51 kW = 654.9 KW (©) For a control volume enclosing the heat exchanger providing thermal energy for the heating Joad Dans = hh ~he)=(015' For a control volume enclosing the condenser Daur = yr hy +(1— yin hs — myhg kg J ke AD) _( ke io) Pe Ona [o asf - es nt). as( = [easost!) ( - [oust] 1 s nue ™ 1784.2 KW An overall energy rate balance reads: Rate energy is added by heat transfer 2799.4 kW in the boiler © Disposition ~ Net power developed 654.9kW (23.4%) - Energy to campus buildings 360.3kW (12.9%) ~ Energy to cooling water 1784.2kW__ (63.7%) 2799.4kW (100%)