INTRODUCTION
Hypertensive heart disease refers to a constellation of changes in the left
ventricle, left atrium and coronary arteries as a result of chronic blood pressure
elevation. Hypertension increases the workload on the heart inducing
structural and functional changes in the myocardium. These changes include
hypertrophy of the left ventricle, which can progress to heart failure. Patients
with left ventricular hypertrophy have significantly increased morbidity and
mortality, but current treatment follows standard hypertension guidelines as
the effects of pharmacotherapy on regression of left ventricular hypertrophy
has unclear benefits.
Hypertensive heart disease is subclassified by the presence or absence of heart
failure as the management of heart failure requires more intensive goal-
directed therapy. Hypertensive heart disease can lead to either diastolic heart
failure, systolic failure or a combination of the two. Such patients are at a
higher risk for developing acute complications such as decompensated heart
failure, acute coronary syndrome or sudden cardiac death. Hypertension
disrupts the endothelial system which increases the risk of coronary artery
disease and peripheral arterial disease and thus represents a significant risk
factor for the development of atherosclerotic disease. However hypertensive
heart disease ultimately encompasses all of the direct and indirect sequelae of
chronic high blood pressure which include systolic or diastolic heart failure,
conduction arrhythmia especially atrial fibrillation and increased
risk of coronary artery disease.
CAUSES:
Caused by high blood pressure. The heart working under increased pressure
causes some different heart disorders. Hypertensive heart disease includes
heart failure thickening of the heart muscle, coronary artery disease, and
other conditions.
Risk Factor:
Prolonged hypertension is the predominant risk factor for the development of
cardiac disease including atherosclerotic disease, heart failure, valvular
disease, atrial fibrillation as well as cerebrovascular disease, chronic kidney
disease, retinal disease, and metabolic disease
A. General Objective
The main goals are to prevent your blood from clotting, improve the flow of
your blood, and lower your cholesterol. Examples of common heart disease
medications include: water pills to help lower blood pressure.
B. Specific Objective
What is the goal of hypertension treatment? hypertension, or high blood
pressure, is dangerous because it can lead to strokes, heart attack, heart
failure, or kidney disease. Treatment can lower high
blood pressure and protect important organs, like the brain, heart, and kidneys
from damage.
A. Nursing Health History A
1. Demographic Data
Name: A W
Age: 55
Sex: Male
Marital Status: Single
Children: 4
Address: MAGSAYSAY ST. PASIL
Education: High school graduate
Religion: Catholic
Nationality: Filipino
Occupation: Driver
2. Chief Complaint
Dyspnea
Hypertension
3. History of present illness
Shortness of Breath and Due to High Blood Pressure
4. Past Medical History
Hypertension
Bronchial Asthma
5. Family History (Genogram)
Legend
-male
-female
-patient
-decreased
HPN -hypertension
DM-diabetes milletus
HF-heart failure
6. Social and Personal Histoty:
7. Review of Systems
B. Nursing Health History B
1. General Description of the Client
2. Assessments
a) Head to Toe Physical Assessment
Skin: the skin of patient is brown
Hair:
Nail:
Head:
Eyes:
Ears:
Nose:
Mouth:
Neck:
Thorax, Lungs, and Abdomen:
b) Gordon’s Functional Health Pattern
a. Health Perception and Management
b. Nutritional Metabolic
He likes vegetable, and fish and his recommended low salt low fat
diet
c. Elimination
d. Activity exercise
e. Sleep and rest
He sleeps by 8am and wakes up at 1pm daily.
f. Cognitive-perceptual
g. Self-perception/self concept
h. Role relationship
he’s the head of the family. parents are expected to teach, discipline, and
provide for the children.
i. Sexuality reproductive
Once a month
j. Coping-stress tolerance
k. Value-Belief Pattern
Catholic
IV. Laboratory Findings
Date Name Result Reference Indication
Sep 11 2019 Segmenters H 0.86 0.55-0.65
Sep 11 2019 Lymphocytes L. 0.10 0.25-0.35
Sep 11 2019 Monocyte L.0.02 0.03-0.06
V. Anatomy and Physiology
Hypertensive heart disease encompasses anatomical changes and altered physiology of heart
muscle, coronary arteries, and great vesels the relationship of aortic root size to blood pressure
is stonger.
VI. Pathophysiology
Etiology Risk Factor
Causes Stroke
Coronary artery disease
Narrowing of arteries
Heart failure
Thickining and enlarged of
Atrial fibrillation
heart
Vascular disease
- .
Heart
CHD usually caused by atherosclerosis
Heart make ability to pump blood is
less efficient
Chest pain, tightness, shortness of
breath, fatigue, pain in the neck,
back, arms, or shoulder, persistent
cough, loss of appetite, leg or ankle
swelling
Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease
VII. Nursing Care Plan
VIII. Drug Study
IX. Medical and Nursing Management
X. Discharge Planning – METHOD
XI. Recommendations
XII. Reference/Bibliography