Saint Mary’s University
OBJE School of Health and Natural Sciences
BAYOMBONG, NUEVA VIZCAYA 3700
Nursing Department
Laboratory Activity No. 12: Analysis of Blood
CARBONEL, Kyla Mae M.
BSN 1A
ABSTRACT
Blood one of the most significant need of our life. The quantities of blood benefactor is less
when contrasted and different nations. In our undertaking we propose another and productive
approach to defeat such framework. For example, simply contact the catch giver will be request
to enter a person's subtleties like name, telephone number, age, weight, date of birth, blood
gathering, address and so forth. At the crisis time of blood required we can check for blood
benefactor close by utilizing GPS. Also by asking to the nearest blood bank center. Donating
blood is simple to other but it could save life. Donating 2 times a year could help in cleansing our
blood.
Keywords: Benefactor, Bloodbank center, Cleansing, Life, Significant
I. INTRODUCTION
Blood is a constantly circulating fluid providing the body with nutrition, oxygen, and
waste removal. Blood is mostly liquid, with numerous cells and proteins suspended in it, making
blood "thicker" than pure water. The average person has about 5 liters (more than a gallon) of
blood. A liquid called plasma makes up about half of the content of blood. Plasma contains
proteins that help blood to clot, transport substances through the blood, and perform other
functions. Blood plasma also contains glucose and other dissolved nutrients. About half of blood
volume is composed of blood cells. Red blood cells, which carry oxygen to the tissues. White
blood cells, which fight infections. Platelets, smaller cells that help blood to clot. Blood is
conducted through blood vessels (arteries and veins). Blood is prevented from clotting in the
blood vessels by their smoothness, and the finely tuned balance of clotting factors. ( Matthew
Hoffman, n.d)
II. OBJECTIVES
1. To determine the different constituents of the blood
2. To differentiate oxyhemoglobin from reduced hemoglobin
BIOCHEMISTRY CARBONEL BSN1-A
III. MATERIALS
Blood sample
10% HCl
10% NH4OH
10% N HCl
5% Potassium thiocyanate
1% benzidine
5% NH4MoO4
5% AgNO3
3% H2O2
Benedicts Solution
1% NaCl
0.05% CuSO4 Solution
Glacial Acetic Acid
Stokes Reagent
Filter Paper
Litmus Paper
Flask
Beaker
Funnel Evaporating Dish
Test tubes
Graduated Cylinder
Microscope
Aspirator
Pipette
IV. PROCEDURES
A. General Test for Blood
Place 10 mL of freshly drawn blood in a heparinized container. Shake and subject to following
tests:
1. Hemin Test
Place 1 drop of heparinized blood on a glass slide then add 1 drop of 1% NaCl in a
glacial acetic acid. Evaporate the mixture over a water bath. Cool and examin using the
microscope. Draw what you have been seen and label.
2. Benzidine Test
BIOCHEMISTRY CARBONEL BSN1-A
Prepare dilute blood by mixing 1 drop of blood with 10mL of tilled water. Into 2 mL of
the diluted blood, add 6 mL of 1% benzidine solution and 2 mL of 3% H 2O2 solution.
Observe the formation of green or blue color. Describe the result below. What is the
significance of the formation of blue color? Write the reaction involved.
B. Test for Blood Constituents
Place 2.5 mL of freshly drawn blood or defibrinated blood with 25 mL of distilled water
in a small beaker. Heat to boiling then add 1 to 2 drops of 10% acetic acid and continue
heating for few more minutes. Filter the solution while hot. Set aside the residue for the
test for iron and use the filtrate for the following tests.
1. Test for Chlorides
Acidify 1 mL of filtrate using 0.1 M HNO 3 then add 2 to 3 drops 5% AgNO 3 solution. A
white precipitate indicates the presence of chlorides.
2. Test for the Presence of Phosphates
Acidify 2 mL of the filtrate with 0.1 M HNO 3 then add 4 mL of 5% Ammonium
molybdate solution. The formation of yellow precipitate means a positive result.
3. Benedicts Test
Place 2 mL of the filtrate in a test tube, then add 4 drops of Benedicts reagent. Heat the
mixture over a water bath and observe the formation of brick red precipitate.
4. Test for Irons
Heat the residue that was set aside in an evaporating dish until all the organic matter has
completely burned out. Cool then add 2 to 3 mL of 10% HCl solution. To the dissolved
material add 3 to 4 drops of 5% KCNS solution and take note of the color produced.
V. QUESTIONS
1. What is the significance of the formation of blue color?
VI. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
1. Formation of green ring color in the middle phase and the benzidine detect the presence
of blood in the test. Benzidine test is a sensitive test for the presence of blood (as in urine
or feces) based on the production of a blue color upon contact with a solution
of benzidine, hydrogen peroxide, and glacial acetic acid, (Merriam Webster, 2019).
Table 1: Blood Constituents
BIOCHEMISTRY CARBONEL BSN1-A
Tests Description
Chlorides A presence of white precipitate occur
Phosphates A presence of yellow precipitate occur
which means a + reaction
Benedicts A presence of brick red precipitate occur.
Iron Red color occur
The chloride blood test measures the levels of chloride in the blood. Chloride is an
electrolyte that helps balance the amount of fluid inside and outside of cells. It also helps
maintain blood volume, blood pressure, and the pH of body fluids, (Lewin J., 2018). A
phosphate test measures the amount of phosphate in a blood sample. Phosphate is a charged
particle (ion) that contains the mineral phosphorus. The body needs phosphorus to build and
repair bones and teeth, help nerves function, and make muscles contract. Most (about 85%)
of the phosphorus contained in phosphate is found in bones. The rest of it is stored in tissues
throughout the body (Healthwise staff, 2018)
1. Hemins test
VII. GENERALIZATION
In this activity to generalized all, the student where able to see the blood in the different
substance they were also able to observe it under the [Link] students were able to
know the blood constituents and how the blood reacts to the benzidine.
VIII. REFERENCE
Healthwise staff (2018) Test for the presence of phosphate in blood (2019). Retrieved from
[Link]
Matthew Hoffman, Human Anatomy. (n.d) Retrived from
[Link]
Meriam Webster (2019) Benzidine test for blood? Retrieved from [Link]
[Link]/medical/benzidine%20test
BIOCHEMISTRY CARBONEL BSN1-A
IX. DOCUMENTATION
The blood was added a 25 mL of water
The residue is being put in the
and put in a boiling water bath
evaporation dish to heat until it will going
to be completely burned out
BIOCHEMISTRY CARBONEL BSN1-A