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Mansonry Examples

Mansonry Examples

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Jill Jim Livestock
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30 views80 pages

Mansonry Examples

Mansonry Examples

Uploaded by

Jill Jim Livestock
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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<—" max. a) ao 225 mm if unbonded -—y jamb Q 9 mm edge of 8 opening . om ~ | 900 max. | 900° } 750 mm preferred mat mox._,|_ 200 mor din cavity widths WALL TIE SPACINGS a 200 to 425 x 20 x 3 to 4.8 mm 200 x 3.15 mm diameter galvanised* vertical | atvanises butterfly type twist type wall tie wall tie embedded at least 50 mm TYPICAL METAL WALL TIES Ref: BS EN 845-1: Specification for ancillary components for masonry. Ties, tension straps, hangers and brackets. Typical Details ~ r— precast concrete | weathered coping precast concrete | eon dpc over | - weathered coping 40mm minimum - flexible non- = H— dpc ferrous metal brickwork in flashing & dpc e BS 3921 special weep holes To quality bricks —> at 900 %/e a 4 thickness of wall i as given in Diagram 4 i in AD‘A’ ab roof slab, vapour control layer, screec and finish roof slab, vapour control layer, screed 1 oo and covering SOLID WALL- HIGH LEVEL CAVITY WALL - HIGH LEVEL i 350mm max “350mm max if above adopt if above adopt high level high level detail SOLID WALL- LOW LEVEL CAVITY WALL- LOW LEVEL wall ties at standard spacing k— flange —| SOX x ELI AL EERE DA Seo POSES Sooo SO CKO, SRR stave horseshoes’ SROs ee depth 'T' sectio! of fin fin or pier flange width m i = fin spacing width of fin spacing of fins eal FIN WAIL! AS A STRUCTURAL 'T' SECTION water . 7 soluble silicon — \- F reservoirs i 25 mm diameter attached —»| inclined borehole into bedjoint to tubes in boreholes at max. 175 mm spacing rN AY, Gravity infusion of silicon in solution Solid walls paving or earth external rendering bridgitia : = through re-pointinc t stacked against wall over the dpc —original ground level Cavity walls mortar droppings IE cavity poor quality misalignment poor workmanship concrete and screed and dpm width to suit application polyethylene dpc bonded to expanded polystyrene (insulation only! or 25 mm compressible mineral wool (insulation and fire resistance) cavity insulated 8 required light weight insulating block inner leaf facing brick outer leaf Isometric perspective plastic ties clipped into cavity closer recess cut block cavity closer Plan Alternative ~ uPVC] ——+ cavity closer/cavity barrier with non-combustible rock mineral wool core. Note: products with EPS core can be used where fire inteaqrity is not critical wall tie with insulation retainer pale TCP Ta a stiffening pier or wall tT 7 t =0-66(T, +7) t=T x stiffening coefficient (see BS 5628) SOLID WALLS CAVITY WALLS WALLS STIFFENED BY PIERS aid eccentricity is expressed as a fraction of wall’s thickness 10 0-9 08 07 06 0:5 O04 0-3 0-2 O.1 REDUCTION FACTOR Type of Support ~ for monolithic | : ; jet due to bonding walling of t 4 of brickwork materials such area to be as concrete Ky supported by load is taken ' the lintel is as arectangle assumed to be of wall above an equilateral the supporting 4] triangle lintel— -— -e beam or lintel designed to carry loads ¢ > without undue end bearing— >} veo sealer + - deflection 100 mm min., 150 mm min. where BEAM OR LINTEL clear span >1.2 m _ L— end bearing —yj=- i oe Pee a [1 te I, 4,. Did loads are Hoy ~ 4" J rs Pooper f semi-circular transmitted EC yl i Il yt = yobs arch but any around profileA] | : + ) i. ; + A geometrically of arch to the [,-! st TT “* formed curved abutments on [~ outline can both sides —— +) be used - y key | voussoirs —— brick or) stone -~ intrados extrados springer —— a or soffit abutment — springing T=} - abutment bearing el Typical Arch Formats ~ ‘ brick aK Vg span skewback— voussoirs alee) i . “LT 7 TI oe ms I = va =i t ss allow 3mm for K yy every 300mm t f span to form i ° ; camber a CAMBER ARCH SEGMENTAL ARCH DROP ARCH 3 CENTRE ARCH 225 x 25 ribs = 25x 25 laggings ISO x 32 tie 200x 25 tie adjustable steel. props. ELEVATION ' SECTION TIMBER FRAMED CENTRE FOR SPANS UP TO 1:500 stainless or galvanised steel cavity tray ~ | and arch support feature stone or brick voussoirs tray follows profile of arch opening expanded metal key for plaster concrete block inner leaf brick outer leaf Section Typical Jamb Details ~ no vertical dpe to bonded jamb —_ internal wall SOLID WALL flexible vertical dpc into back of taken frame DSOOSON OPO 10.8, ERS <4 Xe Yor SZ io i iy CAVITY WALL 2 BS 1245 metal frame vertical dpc CAVITY WALL 4&4 SRI tops UU ett window or door 2 courses of slates laid breaking joint in cement mortar tt:3)} cavity insulation ee LU wo Va ee CAVITY WALL 1 flexible vertical dpc into back of id ehhh Sed taken CAVITY WALL 3 uPVC cavity closer nylon ties Poe re KES x 7 <> KO beaxscsesess CAVITY WALL 5 Typical Sill Details ~ softwood window frame with hardwood sill quarry tile internal sill softwood window board 7 eas mal solid wall cavity wall cavity insulation TIMBER SILL 1 TIMBER SILL 2 7 softwood casement { men 1— softwood window board BS 5642 combined slate sill and window board pet galvanised metal ZZ water bar bedded in mastic BS 5642 cast stone or concrete sill as subsill CAST STONE SUBSILL SLATE SILL softwood casement Typical checked masonry (pre 1940s) cavity sealant fA insulation Jo pressed steel stepped lintel 25 mm weep —~ overlap holes 7 = —4 25 mm rebate WINDOW HEAD WINDOW JAMB EPDM* rubber - anodised aluminium weather seal ey threshold plate & sub-sill ml dpe—/ cavity closer *ethylene propylene diene monomer DOOR THRESHOLD {exposed areas) WINDOW SILL glass and glazing to . 7 suitable and durable be suitable for window materials required for position and type framing thermal and sound | insulation properties to | | be acceptable to client — | and within Building Regs. } RS } OY / — openings to meet requirements of Building Regulations for limiting heat losses and fire escape : perimeter joint to be adequately sealed windows should be weather tight when opening lights are closed sash side hung sash top hung opening out | 7 FIXED LIGHT usually used in conjunction with other types sash bottom hung opening in BOTTOM HUNG CASEMENT use as for top hung casement sashes hung on spring balances or weights i DOUBLE HUNG SLIDING SASH SIDE HUNG TOP HUNG CASEMENT CASEMENT simplest and usually of small cheapest type size for controlled of opening window ventilation sash hung on centre pivots ——-—— VERTICAL HORIZONTAL PIVOT PIVOT high performance windows - dearer than casement types - can be obtained as reversible for easy cleaning sashes run on louvres hung on guide rails — centre pivots— HORIZONTAL LOUVRE SLIDING SASH gives good controlled ventilation good ventilation without any forward or backward with only small projection of sash projections of louvres frame head TO x 45 horn for head building in top hung ventilator: SS N 45 x40 xh \ sash a framing frame transom plastic jamb X draught glass sealer side hung framed sash fixed light TRADITIONAL 95 x 57 head Rorn top hung ventilator i \ Totestie draught | sealer jy frame transom: jamb side direct hung glazed - sash fixed light glass i plastic ss transom. draught sealer frame sill direct glazed fixed sublight~ TYPICAL ELEVATIONS TYPICAL VERTICAL SECTION OF MODIFIED BS WINDOW Typical Examples ~ malleable iron, curly tail pattern pins mortice plate CASEMENT STAY - malleable iron, leaf pattern, half round section with two pins Sizes: 200; 250 and 300mm CASEMENT FASTENER Sie ——a a; CASEMENT STAY - cast aluminium, wedae plain end pattern with one pin 8 Sizes: 250 and 300mm hot pressed aluminium, plain end \ pattern plate CASEMENT FASTENER box tap! staple hot pressed brass CASEMENT STAY - steel and brass, sliding screw down pattern Sizes: 250 and 300 mm VENTLIGHT CATCH used with bottom ung ventlights malleable iron s or brass Sizes: ISO 175 CASEMENT STAY - steel, and 200mm stayput pattern Arm Sizes: 100: 140 and I75mm QUADRANT STAY Typical Double Hung Weight Balanced Window Details ~ 2imm thick upper sash 92 x 2) head 48x 41 sash framing t— lower sash glass ELEVATION plywood back lining 7O x14 jamb inside lining staff bead sash cord 21x8 parting bead —48 x 41 sash framing | L-21mm thick 1 pulley stile 57 x 41 : L ; bottom i --92 x 21 jamb rail i outside lining \__sash weights - access through pocket piece in pulley stile JAMB DETAIL outside lining horn— glass — pulley heady r—— plywood parting slip suspended from pulley head 70 x14 head inside lining —— 19 x 14 removable staff bead 41 x 22 glazing bar lL b<{— sash cord 49 x 24 splayed and rebated meeting rails t— 41 x 22 glazing bar 33 x 19 draught stop 135 x 60 flush sill VERTICAL SECTION Typical Double Hung Spring Balanced ELEVATION 114 x 33 solid stile staff bead spring balance 21x 8 parting bead glass ‘ L4e x 41 sash framing | L_ag x 21 jamb outside lining 57x 4 NB. if 114x60 solid stiles ottom horn—-+ Window Details ~ 21x 8 parting bead 48x 2i head RES 114 x 33 7 . Wes outside lining era solid head 48 x41 sash 19 x14 framing —— removable upper sash staff bead i L spiral spring gioss balance lower sash +. 41x 22 glazing bar ~— 49 x 24 splayed and rebated Meeting rails 41x 22 glazing bar i— 33 x 19 draught stop are used spring balances can be housed within grooves in the solid stile thickness JAMB DETAIL rail 135 x 60 flush sill VERTICAL SECTION Typical Horizontally Sliding Sash Window Details ~ timber subframe. window frame} head of bedded in timber mastic subframe nylon slipper ;— anodised shoes and § aluminium polypropylene framing pile seals aq TK integral — pull outer sash inner sash handle ELEVATION re factory glazed anodised aluminium sash horizon sliding sash _—__ H outer sash —> H bushed integral pull handle ———>} FH nylon rollers H window frame bedded + Ht H in mastic t 4: Hi sill of inner sliding sash timber weather sealed meeting stiles subframe outer sliding sash VERTICAL SECTION timber subframe FS weather seal— HORIZONTAL SECTION Typical Example ~ adjustable ventilator fitted in top rail of sash 75x75 frame jamb heavy duty friction hinge with safety catches to window opening to lock it when reversed for window cleaning locking handle connected to espagnolette giving two locking points and night ventilation position groove for 32mm thick window board ISO x 75 hardwood sill 100 x 75 frame head 65 x 65 sash framing factory sealed double glazing unit to pivot sash 7 65 x 65 sash framing weather seal to all rebates Typical Examples ~ side "Yl head - mitred and jointed at corners r-ventlights jamb fixed or opening side light corner post projecting and fixed or opening weathered sill front lights TYPICAL SQUARE BAY WINDOW (665mm projection) width width 4 corner post mullion corner post mullion 554 60° SPLAY BAY WINDOW AND 45° SPLAY BAY WINDOW width jamb mitred and jointed corner posts TYPICAL 6 LIGHT CIRCULAR OR SEGMENTAL BAY WINDOW rebate size edge clearance| T+ glass thickness back clearance of 3mm rebate depth 6mm minimum glass size sight size a rebate width - not less than glass thickness plus 1Omm 2mm minimum Typical Glazing Details ~ glass held against back putty with sprigs or clips i putty 3mm wide weathered front putty —~— -—_. framing or surround ——. —-- width = depth + glass + 3mm front putty or compound 3mm wide glass back putty or compound 3mm wide glazing rebate beading fixed to surround with pins or cups and sores framing or surround ———-—-— width= bead +glass + 6mm Typical Examples ~ 10_mm_thick 100 6 mm thick ae glass “| air space ~|[ glass air or argon Il gas in 6-20 mm aluminium void sound spacer absorbent bar neoprene neoprene containing] glazing glazing desiccant |) gaskets gaskets butyl + glazing aiozing seal _ ||| bead —ee77 aR external Po a wall mastic Ka SQ] finish secondary: seal ~ rie silicon: seal ee approximate ‘U’ values approximate sound reduction single glazing - 4.3 W/m?K 6 mm single glazing - 27 dB double glazing - 2.5 W/m?K double glazing as shown - 42 dB screening glazed pane maximum steel bar gap-75mm lining 0-800 minimum sealed unit 80 or 100 mm with integral standard thickness cavity clear, frosted or ribbed finish Depending on joint thickness (3, 6 or 10 mm), face sizes are nominally: 150 x 150 mm. 200 x 200 mm, 300 x 300 mm. 100 x 200 mm or 150 x 200 mm. 2.9 W/m2K Typical ‘U’ values: 100 mm block 4 W/m2k BO mm block = structural surround strap anchors fixed to head and jamb at same spacing as joint reinforcement. 600 mm long, bent * Perforated metal to penetrate 1% blocks. CS remem in 9 gauge wire. 50 or 42 mm wide to suit block width. Terminated SO mm short of jamb to allow for movement. max. 3 m in any direction———+ | glass block silicon joint reinforcement mortar bituminous emulsion —+= sill anchor Detail 'B' - Section through sill expansion material Detail ‘A’ - Section through jamb Note: Same detail for head. except omit reinforcement Typical Functions ~ suitable finish and construction to withstand natural elements good fit to exclude wind and rain — adequate locks and bolts for security —-—-— design to give required thermal 7 and sound insulation weathered at bottom to shed surface water ———— EXTERNAL DOOR when closed door should act in conjunction with surrounding fabric as an internal dividing element good fit to provide thermal comfort and privacy adequate lock for security ——— -——— colour and design to blend with internal decor INTERNAL DOOR main function~ to provide access and egress through enclosing fabric - of building — glazed area to provide natural daylight to the interior when closed door should act in conjunction with surrounding fabric as an enclosing element design to give required fire resistance —<—dpe main function~ to provide access and egress through internal wall or partition design to give required thermal insulation, sound insulation and fire resistance architrave ieee Typical Examples of External Doors ~ 610, 686 & 762 686, 762 & 838 ———4 7 top rail ledge 1 brace _| brace g| stile ~| ledge =| middle | 3 & rail a! - a eee hanging =| pane edge hanging i edge bottom = —— rail LEDGED AND FRAMED LEDGED BRACED DOOR AND BRACED DOOR , 762 & 838 762 & 838 fet nen eee oe | yo } : — top rail skeleton | — plywood or framing glazed panels F lightweight stile core _ - intermediate filling i rails plywood facing — edge lipping -- bottom rail 1,2,3 OR 4 PANELLED sagas FLUSH DOORS Typical examples of purpose made doors ~ top rail glass panes —| glazing bar N N om m 9 frieze Oo muntin — rail SI 7 os lock z rail & o ! > stile : plywood i panels — bottom [| rail PURPOSE MADE 762, 838 & 813 solid pet and raised panels— N o oO N a © S GEORGIAN STYLE and non-standard external 7% 2,838 @ 813 pees top rail muntin bullseye pane flat solid panels intermediate rail stile bottom rail TUDOR STYLE 762,838 & 813 top rail stile radial glazing bars frieze rail solid raised panels intermediate rail PURPOSE MADE Typical Example ~ 83 pinned mortice and ! tenon joint 83 «x 57 = softwood head 3° splay plastic draught rebate for | 7 sealer inward opening door HEAD AND JAMB SECTION door frame built 44 into external outward ! | pplastic wall as work opening draught proceeds and sealer secured with metal cramps at 450% 83 = 57 softwood jambs. 256 galvanised mild steel water bar bedded in mastic. door 44 121x44 hardwood weathered sill horn TYPICAL DOOR FRAME SILL SECTIONS Typical Examples ~ LETTER PLATE RIM NIGHT LATCH can be obtained with fitted on internal face an integral knocker BUTT HINGE available in steel, brass t nye ane BARREL BOLT aluminium - : RIM LOCK available in steel fitted on internal face brass and aluminium [c= a) =o I SS vd a mmm ee MORTICE LOCK SECURITY DOOR CHAIN fitted within body of door extruded brass with welded brassed steel chain Typical Industrial Door Types ~ 1, Straight Sliding - reveal ZA za! ZZ. — = = ———————— =e —— — — —- SINGLE LEAF DOUBLE LEAF MULTI LEAF These types can be top hung with a bottom quide roller or hung with bottom rollers and top guides - see page 379 2 Sliding / Folding - p track parked door leaves parked door leaves MULTI LEAF END FOLDING MULTI LEAF END FOLDING HUNG BETWEEN REVEALS HUNG BEHIND OPENING These types can be top hung with a bottom guide roller or hung with bottom rollers and top guides - see page 380 3. Shutters - pe Ki ZB shutter Frock shutter HORIZONTAL FOLDING SHUTTER ROLLER SHUTTER G Shutters can be installed between, behind or in front of the reveals - see page 381 Typical Example ~ end bracket standard bracket track joint bracket WA track hangers — opening left hand opening reveal door leaf {| ; in closed A tlgnt' hand position [IY] door teat in open door stops position fixed to face bow or "D* handle drop bolt of wall door guides. ELEVATION bracket fixing bolt galvanised door face track pressed bottom brackets rail or sg ey [Link]. wheels cast-in 800 per hanger steel adjustable floor pendant ae channel bolt guide- ) 1 hanger y caale apron lintel 7 of fixing Bie floor Typical Details ~ coiled shutter— front pelmet rear coil casing shutter guide shutter guide. ELEVATION OF ROLLER ELEVATION OF SHUTTER operating chain casing shutter of banded and hinged laths or mild steel strip galvanised laths coil casing operating chain cogs pelmet PLAN ABOVE ROLLER shutter guide PLAN BELOW ROLLER sheet steel pelmet operating chain casing shutter coil operating chain pulley centre cog wheel with rear cog wheels shutter operating chain guides endless operating shutter id : guice chain TYPICAL SECTION Typical Crosswall Arrangement Details ~ i . constructed wall projection to overcome as external non- load : : tlanking sound problems - walt bearing see next page cladding alternative to | projection - see next page |.3:000 to swalls tructed | i : cros w construc ed 1 nan iload 6-000 as internal load bearing ; 5 walls ee bearing ‘any openings to be cladding within middle third of crosswoll anels PLATFORM FRAME. BALLOON FRAME Typical Details ~ trussed rafters at 600mm spacing h head cavity trussed closer/ — rafter barrier {see note 1) head binder insulation binder brick cladding galv. steel ties every 5th course floor joist dpc 5 I window galvanised — | steel angle head upper panel window sole plate floor ae it { sill panel ab Si @ ~ ex.100 x 50mm s/w framing dpc (see note 2) breather Joist membrane header 12-5mm vapour head control lined binder sill plate plasterboard bolted to screed foundation dpm deep strip foundation Typical Details ~ wall block or timber framed external ry e breather membrane 7, 7 38 x 25 battens at 600% cL 7 265 x 165 plain or a te patterned tiles of S gauge 100 to 115mm te ay 150 x 20 shiplap “4 boarding ae 7 7 margin = gauge a - 38 «x 25 battens 7 4, Live 4 4 190 x 165 bottom course tiles 75 x 65 tilting closing batten fillet to bottom edge VERTICAL TIMBER TILE HANGING block or timber framed external wall WEATHERBOARDING flashing to weather joint between roof and parapet skirting oN small splayed kerb or water check to verge support wall projecting above roof level~ the projection is called a ee parapet Toot " slopes towards i =<“ drainage edge or eaves- angle - ‘of slope governed by type A : ~ ors foot ea) a verge ~ the non- drained edge of a roof gutter to collect discharged rainwater from roof and convey it to the rainwater pipe(s) ——--- ——— L rainwater pipe conveys discharged rainwater to the drains —— -----—~--- FLAT ROOFS closing member of roof construction is called a fascia flashing or stepped flashing to abutment wall apex or ridge cover fillet AW f ty Ya i ee aS ) AERA o ROOF MONOPITCH LEAN- TO ROOF apex or ridge HIPPED END ROOE Component Parts of a Pitched Roof ~ roof covering - provides wngle a | resistance to penetration of elements and conveys surface water to gutter hip - external angle of a roof at caves ridge tile - capping to roof covering ridge board - spine of roof carcass gable end Lverge - termination at a gable eaves fascia purlin - reduces hip or jack directs surface rafter span - rafters ____| | : water back . . | rafters - support onto main battens - fixing medium members for roof ared for roof coverings and L roof coverings underlay which acts as secondary barrier to elements— 32000 Ni lama GO Gsalsava 4ienod $4240 yO sIDd Yi AJ2A2 4D JNd90 suabuDY puD sjnJzs “S4D]}}02 “GN S3AV3 aaso1> %/y 00% 10 S1S10f Milos bui2>2 OS « OO! f ysiof burji2. jo upds - piw ]10m bulsD2q poo) )Dusaqul 23D1d \\DM i 21DId 110M OS * COL SZ * O01 Kee Ky | 1244D4 $423}D4 0} paxis J2AO P2xlp YI | ZF 324204ds Buiy]13, snonulquoD V7 5194jD4 07 vlad P2x1} DIDSD}- NITEAd BALLWNYSLIV J2puiq pup JIDO2 OF P2XI} %OO9L yo ssabupy OS *« OOL uljind 03 paxi, % OO9t 3D $3NI3s OS x OOL $J2}jD4 07 P2x!} % O09} 1D $4D}]02 OS * OO} 4244D4 30 upds-piw 4D uljund €9 x OSL % OO% 3D sslDd ul $4274D5 OS x COL Pupoq abpiy yOu, wwZ_E UWLSG SSMNGL S000 IVIIGAL S2I}U2. WWOGY 3D SJ27jDJ BE x COOL 2q 0} Sassn4y U2aMz2q W)IFUI LN CH oy 24}U2D 4D $24D\d YsI} YUM 24D\d })}DM pazuiof 43nq so paddo) 2q pjno> 24D)\d |]DM SL * OOL — ysjof bu - ee ry er: (4 4 i | szulof loyo2UU0> J2aquiy pup 3/0q ys10f J2A0 PUD J244DI Japun payrzou ys OS * OOL ywnuys 424}D4 YOLDSNNOD YsaEWIL 3LlV1d GSHLOOL uljund yapun paysjou wn4ys OS * COOL 2104 1104 q trong ]2215 jo 22D} 02 ,06 3D A]2yDUI21)0 s qu2q y3224 spynbudl yy “oN ¥Z Fy un 42704 BE x OOL abpis yo14y, WH Sz Typically — low pitch rafter. alternative purlin rafter au framing notched to brace binder and and rafter sole plate Mn /X 2 No. braces, one each side of rafters Alternative for clear span and headroom ceiling tie and/or floor joist plate tidge board birds mouth notching of rafters to partition head plate high pitch rafter wall Note: size of timbers to suit spans and roof and internal loadings. See guidance in Building Regulations, Approved Document A. Typical Plain Tile Details ~ pte max. cross [ camber 3-2 mm pe lS all tiles cambered in length}«. | 2481 a wn o 2 “ ° s Q : : , oF head nail holes nibs on underside STANDARD PLAIN EAVES OR TOP TILE AND A HALF TILE COURSE TILE TILE nail hole i 3 |, 200 , | 1!6 ~~=20 HALF ROUND CURVED VALLEY BONNET HIP RIDGE TILE aah ie TILE ventilation spacer tile underlay | blocking piece permits _ | PVC gutter 2 truss overhang, preventing 4 Lp compressed insulation Ty skirt Ze ——below ventilation spacer VENTILATED EAVES FASCIA perforated polypropylene fascia ventilator grille insulation between and over joists thin board. eg. calcium reo ce Ln “silicate cavity closer polyethylene cover (see note 1) 7 insulated wide f cavity wall polypropylene seal Alternative to ridge tiles b cavity closer UA PVC ventilation : filler piece st/st nail with neoprene seal o 4 breather membrane ye under ridge with polyester ~~ tile coated aluminium flashing over tiles 50 mm wide ridge batten secured to roof structure with galv. steel straps MECHANICALLY FIXED. VENTILATED RIDGE breather membrane (see note 2) tile battens, size and spacing to suit tile batten 20 x 36 mm counter battens over rafters rigid insulation board breather rafter membrane inderla' a vapour check i~———— plaster board lining ceiling/floor joist insulated cavity wall, with insulation extended to meet roof insulation Typical Details ~ underlay half round ridge tile bonnet hip tiles nailed and bedded in [Link] (1:3) to hip 38x25 timber battens fixed to 100 mm gauge —, tile slip bedded in cement mortar eaves tile course plain tiles bonded with hip tiles HIP DETAIL USING BONNET HIP TILES roofing felt or underlay 38x25 timber half round ridge tile battens fixed to |0Omm half round hip capping bedded in cmmt (1:3) galvanised hip iron screwed to top of hip rafter eaves tile course plain tiles mitred under hip capping HIP DETAIL USING HALF ROUND TILES 38 x 25 timber battens fixed to 100 mm eaves tile course- VALLEY DETAIL USING CURVED VALLEY TILES Typical Details ~ 0 auge a oN %, (73 on ge + lap turned % y| . p Plain tiles PV 4 | 25mm into brick 38x 25 s/w TYPICAL SOAKER |; | timber battens lead | fixed to /, soakers 100mm gauge underlay abutment wall tile and a half tiles in alternate courses stepped flashing dressed over upstand of soakers and wedged and pointed into brick joints ABUTMENT DETAIL —_—————-—— single layer undercloak of plain tiles used sideways with surface tiles edge bedded over in [Link].(1:3) to give a Neat finish with a slight tilt to direct rainwater back onto roof underlay — r-plain tiles gable end wall “ as 38 xX 25 s/w with 5Omm 3 timber battens verge at 100mm gauge overhang —--— @aves course boxed end tile and a half tiles in to fascia —— —-—_+ alternate courses VERGE PHETAIL Typical Single Lap Tiles ~ ROLL TYPE TILE Minimum pitch 30° head lap 75mm side lap 30mm gauge 343mm linear coverage 300mm TROUGH TYPE TILE minimum pitch is° head lap 75mm side lap 38mm gauge 338mm linear coverage 292mm Typical Details ~ half round ridge tile | plain tile slip or dentils bedded in cm. mt. in troughs of profiled tiles interlocking single lap tiles each nailed or clipped to battens 50 x 25 timber batten underlay RINGE NDETAITI 20-25 mm—4 — underlay 50 x 25 mm battens centre nailed slates head — holing lap gauge margin J tilting fillet side lap. eaves course Close mitred hip. hip rafter roof pitch > 30° jack rafter underlay in two layers. overlapping at least 300 mm each side of hip =—— 50 x 25 mm batten code 3 lead soaker under each pair of mitred slates opposing pairs of mitre cut slates eaves course standard slate batten Mitred hip with clay or concrete hip tiles jack rafte double layer of underlay at hip. at least 300 mm overlap each side of hip mitred slates concrete or clay hip tile mortar bedded over mitred slates ridge rolls optional galv. wire netting prevents birds nesting and rodent penetration thatching nail or crook retaining 6 mm a steel longitudinal rods aluminium foil reflective fire , oS insulator 48 tilting fillet Nu-value approx. 0.35 battens 50 x 38 mm at 225 mm spacing rafter wallplate 1. Joists cut to falls decking fixed to joists flat soffit Simple to fix but could be wasteful in terms of timber unless two joists are cut from one piece of timber 3. Firrings with Joist run r— decking fixed to firrings Firrings fall joist | totam minimum flat soffit Simple and effective but does not provide a means of natural cross ventilation. Usual method employed 2. Joists laid to falls decking fixed to joists i joist. “— sloping soffit Economic and simple but sloping soffit may not be acceptable but this could be hidden by a flat suspended ceiling 4. Firrings against joist run decking fixed to firrings Simple and effective but uses more timber than 3 but does provide a means of notural cross ventilation metal trim 12mm min. 5sOmm min. ventilation over edge stone space between firrings fillet chippings 3 layer built-up roofing felt COLD DECK <] X| ed oe po XD insulation between joists vapour control layer or vapour-check plasterboard < uy LL wallplate if required besese A stone chippings on built-up roofing felt insulation board softwooc Joists fascia plasterboard board ceiling soffit insulation fill board between wall insulated and decking cavity —e wall stone chippings board and 3 layer built- up roofing felt vel softwood decking nNoggins at 400 c/c joist plaster- board fascia board strutting if required mineral wool insulation between top of wall and decking external wall —»| with insulated cavity trimmed rafter 100 x 50 flat roof rafter 100 x 50 head beam 100 x 75 head trimmer 125 x 75 trimming rafter 100 x 75 or 2 - 100 x 50 cheek post 75 x 75 corner post 75 x 75 rafter 100 x 50 sill trimmer 125 x 75 sheet roof covering to fascia roof decking tilting fillet board on tapered fircings flat roof rafter head_ on - trimmer rafter bearer standard fen eT rafter opening cheek post tile corner post underlay sill trimmer lahat) Whee stone chippings on built-up roofing felt vapour control layer insulating roof board plywood or particle board— decking firring~ plasterboard ceiling INVERTED WARM DECK t paving slabs inverted waterproof or pebble insulating membrane ballast roof board ~~ -|AE herring bone strutting if required void above plasterboard cross flow potential for of air moist air to accumulate ——\ Partial roof void ventilation through the eaves ridge vents. see page 403 insulated ceiling Total roof void ventilation through eaves and high level vents roof void insulation aN mm w—__S _. high level eaves act? ventilation | ventilation 5 mm 5S mm 10 "= =~ mm S$ > 5 mm S mm 10 9 >" mm Insulation at ceiling level (1) S = span < 10 m for roof pitches 15°-35° Insulation at ceiling level (2) S = span > 10 m for roof pitches 15°-35° Any span for roof pitches > 35° Insulation at ceiling level anc central dividing wall Roof pitches > 15° for any span 2 mm Mono-pitch or lean-to roof 10 "en Roof pitch > 15°, any span insulation 5 mm 5S mm mK SO mm clear Room within roof void All pitches and spans S mm Room within roof void with 5m obstructions 25 inf y25 mm All pitches, all spans 50 mm clear passage 25 mm 25 mm 2 e Flat roof trussed rafter nail plate 100 x 50 J watt plate min. 1m long anchor straps pinned to wall at 2m intervals alternative twisted strap U rafter restraint gable packing top strap as | straps at close to ridge 2m max. as possible centres noggins 2m max. inserted spacing with each gable a end strap rafter strap over uncut block sum of leaf thicknesses + 10mm = t top of strap Zz a ifh > 16x t = provide ceiling straps* ]« straps at 2m max. spacing deep transverse and distinctive cube-like shapes longitudinal cracking [ and light-brown colouring reddish-brown large longitudinal cracking colouring with minor lateral cracks ete — 300 mm (0.3m) heat loss path LOFT HATCH (Section) SERVICES ACCESS Vertical section) access door | ceiling joist i cement and sand on mortar filler sealant latch to _t compress seal WINDOW (Jamb section) mastic/silicon sealant to absorb thermal and differential insulated in ee cavity closer | sash-frame external seal compressible sealant plaster dab DRY LINING (Suspended floor and door jamb) door plasterboard continuous ribbon of plaster adhesive plasterboard dry lining skirting sealed to floor continuous ribbons = door-frame of plaster adhesive compressible sealant p+ insulation bearer nailed to joist O mm min. 800 mm min. (external) : 750 mm min. (internal) Door openings T simply supported end bearing 4 end bearing Plain concrete ‘| slab a! Z neutral cxis— “ - a support or | | clear span | | support or supporto)” |, __clear_span_j” | support o bearing bearing CONDITION BEFORE LOADING neutral axis length upper fibres rtemains unaltered [_ sterten and are therefore no stress is _— load therefore ina state of compression if tensile resistance of the slab is exceeded cracks caused by the parting of the fibres will occur -if this is likely to arise steel reinforcement should be lower fibres lengthen and are therefore ina state of tension oe Typical Details ~ re supported RC slab main bars in both directions \Smm minimum cover of concrete over main reinforcement Le span equal in both directions | SQUARE SLAB simply supported RC slab distribution bars main bars L smn minimum cover of concrete over main reinforcement Le shortest span RECTANGULAR SLAB

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