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KVA Analysis for Voltage Drop Calculations

This document contains 6 tutorials on approximate methods for analyzing electrical distribution systems: 1. It provides examples of calculating line drop and sizing capacitors to limit voltage drop on distribution lines of varying configurations. 2. Voltage drops and required capacitor sizing are calculated for different feeder layouts using kVA, kVAR, and percentage drop/rise factors. 3. Methods are demonstrated for determining series impedance, drop and rise factors, voltage drop, and capacitor sizing for three-phase distribution lines. 4. An example calculates the voltage drop and required capacitor for a rectangular load area supplied from one point. 5. Another example shifts the supply point and calculates new voltage drops and

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388 views3 pages

KVA Analysis for Voltage Drop Calculations

This document contains 6 tutorials on approximate methods for analyzing electrical distribution systems: 1. It provides examples of calculating line drop and sizing capacitors to limit voltage drop on distribution lines of varying configurations. 2. Voltage drops and required capacitor sizing are calculated for different feeder layouts using kVA, kVAR, and percentage drop/rise factors. 3. Methods are demonstrated for determining series impedance, drop and rise factors, voltage drop, and capacitor sizing for three-phase distribution lines. 4. An example calculates the voltage drop and required capacitor for a rectangular load area supplied from one point. 5. Another example shifts the supply point and calculates new voltage drops and

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Souvik
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Tutorial 2: Approximate Methods of Analysis

1. In a 11 kV distribution line shown in the following figure, the resistance of phase conductor is 0.2 Ω/km.
Compute the Kdrop of the feeder. GMR of the phase conductor is 1 cm. Assume the power factor = 0.9 and
unit of length is km. (0.000259 % drop/kVA-km)

2. A 4.16 kV three-phase primary feeder is shown in the following figure.


The Kdrop = 0.00187 % drop/kVA-km
The Krise = 0.00209 % rise/kvar-km

a) Determine the percent voltage drop to node N4. (9.52%)


b) Determine the rating of a three-phase shunt capacitor bank to be placed at N3 to limit the voltage drop to N4
to 5.0%. (1171 kVAr)
3. A 4.16 kV, three-phase feeder is shown in the following figure. The distances are in kms.

The GMR of the phase conductor is 0.75 cm and resistance is 0.2 Ω/km. The with phase spacings of Dab =
0.75 m, Dbc = 1.37, and Dca= 2.12 m.
a) Determine the series impedance of the line segment in Ω/km. (0.2 + j0.324)
b) Determine the Kdrop and Krise factors assuming a load power factor of 0.9 lagging.
(0.00186%drop/kVA-km, 0.00187 %rise/kVAr-km
c) Determine the total percent voltage drop to node 6. (3.56%)
d) Determine the three-phase kvar rating of a shunt capacitor to be placed at node 4 to limit the total percent
voltage drop to node 6 to 3.0%. (286.3 kVAr)
4. Shown in the following figure is a rectangle-triangle area that is being fed from a source at point X. Both
areas have a load density of 6000 kVA/mile2, with loads being uniformly distributed as denoted by the
dashed laterals. In addition to the uniformly distributed loads, there is a “spot load” at point Z that is 2000
kVA. The Kdrop factor for the primary main conductors is 0.000226% drop/kVA-mile, and the Krise factor for
the primary main conductors is 0.000284% rise/kvar-mile.

a) Determine the percent drop to point Z. (4.92%)


b) Determine the kVAr rating for a capacitor bank to be placed at point Y in order to limit the voltage
drop to Z to 3%. (4507 kVAr)

5. The following figure shows a distribution area that is being fed from a substation at point C through a three-
phase 11.00 kV feeder. The Kdrop factor and Krise factor of the feeder are 0.00025% drop/kVA-mile and
0.0003% rise/kvar-mile, respectively. All the areas have a load density of 3000 kVA/mile2 at 0.9 average
power factor, with loads being uniformly distributed. In addition to the uniformly distributed loads, there are
spot loads of 1000 kVA at point A and E.
a) Determine the percent drop to point E (substation at point C). (2.0%)
b) If the susbtaion is shifted from point C to A, what is percent drop to point E. (6.8125%)
c) With the substation at A, do we need any capacitor to be installed at C to limit the voltage at point E
within +/- 3.0 percent limit. If yes, what is the size of the capacitor? (YES, 5083 kVAr)

0.5 0.5
1 Mile 1 Mile Mile 1 Mile 1 Mile Mile

A B C D E
1 Mile

1000 kVA 1000 kVA


6. The rectangular area in the following figure has a uniform load density of 3000 kVA/km2 at 0.9 lagging
power factor. The nominal voltage of the area being served is 12.47 kV. The impedance of the line segments
is z = 0.2 + j0.4 Ω/km.

Determine:
a) The % voltage drop to the last customer in the first lateral (point A). (0.7%)
b) The % voltage drop to the last customer in the last lateral (point B). (6.35%)
c) The total three-phase power loss for the total area. (376.2 kW)

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