Understanding Science: Observation & Data

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Scientists ask questions to learn about the world. They observe things using their senses and tools, and compare how things are alike or different. Scientists also collect information called…

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  • Unit 1: The Nature of Science

Unit The Nature of Science

1 What is science? I will learn

• that scientists ask


questions to learn.
1 Circle what you can use to • ways scientists
observe things.
see things. • ways scientists
collect and
record data.

2 Circle the part of your body you can use to observe


the color of a bird.

3 Mark (✔) the birds that look alike.


How do they look alike? Say as a class.

T hi nk !
What is the
girl doing?

4 Unit 1

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Lesson 1 . What questions do Key Words
scientists ask? • scientist
• science
1 Read. What does a scientist do?
• observe
Say as a class. • objects
• questions
Science and Scientists • answers
A scientist uses science to learn about the
world around us. A scientist can work with
other scientists. They learn new things
together. You can use science to learn, too.
2 Do scientists work together?
Say with a partner.

3 Read. Mark (✔) the scientists who observe things.

Observe
Scientists observe. Observe means to find out about things.
You can observe the size, shape, and color of objects.
You can observe other things, too.

Unit 1 5

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4 Look at the leaves. What can you say about them?
Say with a partner.

5 Read. Match the questions and answers with the


pictures.
Questions
Scientists ask many questions. They ask questions
to find answers. You can ask questions. You can find
answers, too!

6 Unit 1 I Will Know...

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6 Look at the pictures. What are three questions the
boy can ask about the animals? Say as a class.

Where... ?

What... ? Why... ?

7 Look at the monkey.


Say two questions you
can ask with a partner.

T hi nk !

Pretend you are


a scientist. What
animal do you want
to study? Why?

Lesson 1 Check Unit 1 7

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Lesson 2 . How do scientists observe?
1 Read. Look at the fish. What colors Key Words

do you see? • senses


• tools
Senses • measure
Scientists use their senses to observe. • compare
• group
You can use your senses, too. You look
to observe things like size, shape,
and color. You listen to observe sounds.
2 Point to the big fish. Point to the
small fish. What fish do you like
more? Why?
3 Look around the classroom.
Say three objects you see.
4 Circle the things you can hear.

8 Unit 1 Let’s Explore! Lab

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5 Read. Circle the tools.

Tools
Scientists can use tools to observe. A hand lens is a tool.
It can help you see things. A ruler can help you measure
how long an object is. A balance can help you measure
how much there is. Measure means to tell things like how
much, how long, and how tall.

6 Say as a class. Match the tools to the questions.

How much
is there?

What can
I see?

How long
is it?

I Will Know... Unit 1 9

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7 Circle T (true) or F (false).
1. Scientists use tools to observe. T/F
2. You can observe how big or small T/F
something is.
3. You only have three senses. T/F
8 Read. Look at the picture.
How are the fish alike?
Say with a partner.

Compare
Scientists say how things are alike. They say how
things are different. Compare means to say how
things are alike and different.
9 Look at the butterflies. Compare.
Say as a class.

10 Unit 1

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10 Read. Circle the things that are alike.

Group
Scientists group things, too. You can group objects
by how they are alike. You put objects that are
alike in a group!

Group Objects
Find five objects at
home. Say how they
11 Read. Circle the things that help
are alike. Say how
you stay safe. they are different.
Put the things that
Safety are alike in a group.
You follow rules in science to stay safe.
Some tools help you stay safe, too.

Rules
1. Listen.
2. Wear goggles.
3. Wash your hands.

Lesson 2 Check Unit 1 11

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Lesson 3 . How do scientists collect
Key Words
and record data?
• collect
1 Read. What do scientists use to record • data
data? Say as a class. • record
• chart
Scientists Collect and Record Data
Scientists collect information. In science,
information is called data. Scientists record
data. They can use words, pictures, numbers,
or charts.
2 Look at the picture. Draw the
animal the girl is observing.

12 Unit 1 I Will Know...

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3 Read. What can a mark in a chart show?
Say with a partner.
Collect and Record Data
You can collect data by asking questions.
You can record data in a chart. For example,
one mark in a chart can record one person’s
answer to a question.
4 Ask five friends, “Do you like dogs, cats, or birds best?”
Mark (✔) each answer in the chart.

Favorite Animals

cats

dogs

birds

5 Count the marks for each animal.


Which is your friends’ favorite animal?
Compare with other groups.

Lesson 3 Check Got it? 60-Second Video Unit 1 13

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Materials Let’s Investigate!
How do things look?
viewer
1. Look and draw.
2. Pour.
plastic cup
with water 3. Look and draw.

objects

14 Unit 1 Let’s Investigate! Lab

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Unit 1
Review What is science?

Lesson 1

What questions do scientists ask?


1 Read and circle T (true) or F (false).
a) Scientists observe objects. T/F
b) Scientists do not work together. T/F
c) Scientists ask questions. T/F

Lesson 2

How do scientists observe?


2 Read and trace.
senses.
a) Scientists use their

b) Scientists use t o o l s to observe.

c) Scientists c o m p a r e things.

Lesson 3

How do scientists collect and record data?


3 Read and match.

Got it? Quiz Got it? Self Assessment Unit 1 15

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Common questions

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Recording data in multiple formats, such as words, pictures, numbers, or charts, is important as it caters to different analytical needs and preferences. This diversity in data representation allows for nuanced interpretation, cross-verification, and facilitates communication of results to varied audiences .

Scientists might ask questions such as, 'What are the behaviors of this animal?' or 'Where does this animal live?' These questions guide research by focusing observations and data collection efforts on specific aspects of the animal's life, thereby generating targeted insights that contribute to the broader understanding of the species .

Scientists should group objects based on similarities to ensure coherent categorization, which aids in pattern recognition and systematic analysis. This process is significant as it organizes the data, making it easier to identify relationships and differences, thereby facilitating more accurate scientific conclusions .

Scientists use comparison to identify similarities and differences among objects. This involves grouping objects based on shared characteristics and differentiating them where they diverge. This method is fundamental in organizing data and drawing conclusions in scientific studies .

Scientists use their senses to observe characteristics such as size, shape, and color of objects. They also use tools like hand lenses, rulers, and balances to assist their observations and measurements. To collect and record data, scientists use words, pictures, numbers, or charts to document findings .

Charts play a crucial role in recording data as they provide a systematic way to document and visualize answers or observations. They allow scientists to mark responses or data points clearly, facilitating easy comparison and analysis of collected information, which is essential for drawing valid conclusions .

Tools such as hand lenses, rulers, and balances aid scientists in measuring various attributes of objects. A hand lens helps in magnifying objects to observe finer details, a ruler measures length, and a balance determines the mass or quantity of an object, facilitating accurate data collection and analysis .

The senses used in scientific observation include sight, which helps in observing size, shape, and color; and hearing, which aids in detecting sounds. Each sense contributes by adding a different dimension to the observation process, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of the object being studied .

Collaboration among scientists enhances scientific understanding by pooling resources, knowledge, and skills to address complex questions. Working together allows for diverse perspectives, leading to more comprehensive data analysis and innovative solutions .

Scientists follow certain safety rules, such as listening attentively, wearing goggles, and washing hands to ensure their safety during experiments. These practices minimize risk and encourage a safe scientific environment .

4 Unit 1
Unit
1
The Nature of Science
•  that scientists ask 
questions to learn.
•  ways scientists 
observe things.
•  ways
Unit 1 5
Lesson 1 .  What questions do 
scientists ask? 
1   Read. What does a scientist do? 
Say as a class. 
Science and S
6 Unit 1
4   Look at the leaves. What can you say about them? 
Say with a partner.   
5   Read. Match the questions and answe
Unit 1 7
6   Look at the pictures. What are three questions the 
boy can ask about the animals? Say as a class. 
What... ?
7
8 Unit 1
Lesson 2 . How do scientists observe?  
1   Read. Look at the fish. What colors 
do you see?
Senses 
Scientists use
5   Read. Circle the tools.
Tools 
Scientists can use tools to observe. A hand lens is a tool. 
It can help you see things. A
10 Unit 1
8   Read. Look at the picture. 
How are the fish alike? 
Say with a partner. 
Compare 
Scientists say how things ar
Unit 1 11
10  Read. Circle the things that are alike. 
Group 
Scientists group things, too. You can group objects 
by how th
12 Unit 1
Lesson 3 .  How do scientists collect 
and record data? 
1   Read. What do scientists use to record 
data? Say as a
Unit 1 13
Favorite Animals
cats
dogs
birds
3   Read. What can a mark in a chart show? 
Say with a partner.   
Collect and Re

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