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Solar Energy System Design Tutorial

1. The document discusses calculating solar time, solar elevation angle, and solar irradiance for a location based on its latitude, longitude, and the date. 2. It provides an example calculation to determine the solar irradiance based on a pyranometer measurement. 3. Steps are outlined to design an off-grid solar power system to meet a 10,000Wh daily load including calculating the number of solar panels and batteries needed based on the location's insolation and other factors. A diagram is provided showing the electrical connections of the system components.

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Samundeswaran Satiwasilan
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14 views3 pages

Solar Energy System Design Tutorial

1. The document discusses calculating solar time, solar elevation angle, and solar irradiance for a location based on its latitude, longitude, and the date. 2. It provides an example calculation to determine the solar irradiance based on a pyranometer measurement. 3. Steps are outlined to design an off-grid solar power system to meet a 10,000Wh daily load including calculating the number of solar panels and batteries needed based on the location's insolation and other factors. A diagram is provided showing the electrical connections of the system components.

Uploaded by

Samundeswaran Satiwasilan
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Tutorial Solar Energy

1. LCT = 10, F = 29.68N or +29.68


local longitude = 82.27W, longitude of standard time zone meridian= 75W
N = 31 +22 = 53, D = 0

Sin d = 0.39795 cos [0.98563(N – 173)] = 0.39795 cos [0.98563(53 – 173)]


d = – 10.866

LC = (local longitude – longitude of standard time zone meridian)/15


LC = [(82.27) – 75]/15
= 0.4847 hour

x = 360(N – 1)/365.242 (degrees)


x = 360(53 – 1)/365.242 = 51.2537

EOT = 0.258 cos x – 7.416 sin x – 3.648 cos 2 x – 9.228 sin 2 x (minutes)
EOT = 0.258 cos (51.2537) – 7.416 sin (51.2537) – 3.648 cos 2(51.2537)
– 9.228 sin 2(51.2537) (minutes)
EOT = – 13.8414 (minutes)

LCT = ts – EOT/60 + LC + D
ts = LCT + EOT/60 – LC – D
ts = 10 – 13.8414/60 – 0.4847 – 0 = 9.2846
w = 15 (ts – 12) = 15 (9.2846 – 12) = – 40.731

a = sin–1(sin d sin F + cos d cos w cos F)


a = sin–1{sin (–10.866) sin (29.68) + cos (–10.866) cos (– 40.731) cos
(29.68)}
a = 33.588

cos A = (sin d cos F – cos d cos w sin F)/cos a


cos A = {sin (–10.866) cos (29.68) – cos (–10.866) cos (– 40.731) sin
(29.68) }/cos (33.588)
cos A = –0.639 < 0
A = 129.72 sin w <0, A =129.72

2. A Pyranometer has sensitivity of 8.22μV／W.m-2. What is the solar irradiance


for a measurement of 5.3 mV? (644.8 W/m2)

Solar irradiance = 5.3 x 10-3 / 8.22 x 10-6 W/m2


= 644.8 W/m2

sin(a   )
I direct _ tilted  I direct _ H
sin a
3.
sin (67  32)
 850   912 W/m 2
sin67
4. I = 650 W/m2, A = 10 m2, V = 50 volt, I = 15 A
Pout = VI = 750 W
Plight = 650 W/m2×10 m2 = 6500 W
 = 750/6500 = 0.11538 or 11.538%

5.
(i) Design the electrical configuration of the solar panels and batteries
by specifying the number of solar panels and batteries required.

  Solution:
Load=10,000 Wh/day
Solar insolation = 5kWh/day
Average panel output = 125W at rated
Num. of panels = 3 x 10,000Wh/day  (5 hour/day × 125 W/panel x 0.60 x 
0.9)  = 89 panels
Since the system voltage is 24V, but each panel produces only 17Vmp and 
even num of panels will be needed. Therefore num of panels = 90. 

Assuming battery discharging efficiency 90% and battery maximum depth 
of discharge 50% and maximum 3 operation days

Storage = 10,000×3/(0.9) = 33,333 Wh
 Num of batteries= (33,333Wh)/(400Ah×2V) = 42 (Rounded off to the next
whole number)
Since the system voltage is 24V and each battery provides 2V the number 
of batteries is exactly to 48 (12 series, 4 parallel)  `

(ii) Sketch the diagram of the electrical connections.

To load with state of


discharge controller

90 panels in
45 parallel, Solar
2 series Charger 4 parallel group of
12-series batteries

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