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Coffee: Organic Solution and Extraction

The document answers 6 questions about solvent extraction and purification of caffeine. It summarizes that: 1) The organic layer is washed with NaOH to keep caffeine in its base form and distilled water to remove acids from coffee. 2) Pure caffeine is white crystals while crude caffeine has a yellow-brown hue due to impurities. 3) Solvent extraction is used to isolate compounds like caffeine and in industries like petroleum, pharmaceuticals, and metallurgy. The response provides concise high-level summaries of the key points in the document in 3 sentences as requested.

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Charls Deimoy
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173 views2 pages

Coffee: Organic Solution and Extraction

The document answers 6 questions about solvent extraction and purification of caffeine. It summarizes that: 1) The organic layer is washed with NaOH to keep caffeine in its base form and distilled water to remove acids from coffee. 2) Pure caffeine is white crystals while crude caffeine has a yellow-brown hue due to impurities. 3) Solvent extraction is used to isolate compounds like caffeine and in industries like petroleum, pharmaceuticals, and metallurgy. The response provides concise high-level summaries of the key points in the document in 3 sentences as requested.

Uploaded by

Charls Deimoy
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS(Cambria 11, Bold)

1. What is the purpose of washing the organic layer with 6.0M NaOH? How about with distilled water?
 The organic layer is washed with sodium hydroxide to ensure that the caffeine remains in its base form
by preventing it from reacting with acids present in the coffee.

References: University of California, Los Angeles. Extraction. [Online]. 2013.


[Link] (accessed September 5 2019)
2. Compare the physical appearance of the solid products obtained after extraction and purification. Account for
the observed difference between the physical appearances of the two solids.
 Pure caffeine is a pure white crystalline substance while crude caffeine extracted from coffee has a
yellowish-brown hue. one of the reasons for the difference is due to the presence of impurities in the
crude caffeine

References: University of Oklahoma. Sublimation of caffeine. [Online].


[Link] (accessed September 5 2019)

3. What are the other applications of solvent extraction?


 Solvent extraction is used as an extraction technique to isolate complex solutes like caffeine but it can
also be used in petroleum, pharmaceutical and metallurgic industries. It can be used to produce
paraffin and naphthalene from crude petroleum distillate, as well as used to extract penicillin and
bacitracin from their respective sources.

Refences: Ali, N. Applications of Solvent Extraction: A Summary. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia


[Online].1991. [Link] (accessed Septemebr 5, 2019)

4. What are the different phase changes that occur during purification using sublimation?
 The phase changes that occur during purification using sublimation is the sublimation of caffeine and
deposition on the filter paper.

References: University of Toronto Scarborough. Sublimation Theory. Chemistry Online


UTSC.[Online]. 2014. [Link]
(accessed September 5, 2019)

5. Give two advantages of sublimation over recrystallization as a purification technique.


 Using sublimation as a purification technique is more advantageous since the loss of product would
normally be very minimal, as well as the fact that most traces of any solvent are effectively eliminated
as no solvent is involved in sublimation, unlike in recrystallization.

References: University of Toronto Scarborough. Sublimation Theory. Chemistry Online


UTSC.[Online]. 2014. [Link]
(accessed September 5, 2019)

6. Give at least two limitations of sublimation as a purification technique.


 Among the limitations of sublimation as a purification technique, one is the fact that it can only be used
to purify very small amounts of substance, around >100mg. The substance that is to be purified by

*Corresponding author. Mobile: 09062510901


E-mail address: justinbirdwell@[Link]
sublimation must also have the correct properties as the process is highly dependent on the vapour
pressures of all the compounds found in the substance to be purified.

References: University of Toronto Scarborough. Sublimation Theory. Chemistry Online UTSC.[Online].


2014. [Link] (accessed September 5,
2019)

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