Communication Skills Different Modes of Delivery
1. Manuscript Speaking
What is a “Skill”? a. Reading the manuscript
- Ability acquired 2. Memorized Speaking
- Capability of someone to perform a. Oratorical
- According to MW, it is a learned power to do things b. You will be given a piece and you will
and to do it competently. memorize and present it to the audience
o It gives us the idea that it is something that we 3. Impromptu Speaking
can develop. a. You don’t have the time to research to read
and no outline
Communication Skills b. You will just be given 2 minutes to think
- considered as criteria for Effective Communication. about the question and 2 minutes to deliver
4. Extemporaneous Speaking
Examples of Communication Skills a. You will be given ample time to research on
Skills that we should develop/learned the topic to prepare and you can have
1. Fluency outline/index card during the delivery
a. Pronunciation
b. Clarity of Voice Content Skills Verbal Skills Non-verbal Skills
c. Tone Accuracy of Language Language
d. Volume information Quality Quality
2. Facial Expression Mechanics Elocution Gestures
a. Emotion Organization Fluency Postures
b. There is a conviction in speaking through Confidence
manifestation of the emotion Interaction
3. Gestures Pace
a. Refers to our movement
4. Postures Story Review
a. How we stand
b. Involves our shoulder and hands Story Review
5. Accuracy of Information Is a critical analysis and evaluation of a work written
a. Knowledgeable of the content in the artistic or journalistic style to form an opinion
6. Confidence about the target audience.
a. Getting out of comfort zone
b. You can talk anytime and anything you want Basic Paragraph Structure
c. It is a starting point Topic
7. Elocution Claim (Main Idea)
a. Pronunciation – process of producing sounds Evidences
or pronouncing the words
b. Enunciation – speaking the words clearly and Sample Outline
articulately based on a language standard 1st Paragraph – Topic + Claim
o IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) basis 1st Body Paragraph – Evidence 1
of the American language 2nd Body Paragraph – Evidence 2
c. Diction – style of the speaker and the choice of 3rd Body Paragraph – Evidence 3
words Last Paragraph – Conclusion
8. Language Quality
a. Vocabulary 1st Paragraph – Topic + Claim (Introduction)
b. Idiomatic expression Include some basic facts about the story, including
c. Grammar o The Title
9. Mechanics o The author
a. Grammar o Brief summary
10. Organization o Say something about your opinion about the
a. It refers how we arrange our ideas story.
b. Logic
c. Cohesion How well is the pot structured? Is the action
11. Interaction suspenseful enough? Are the events too
a. Refers to eye contact predictable?
b. How you establish connection to the audience What is the theme or central idea of the story?
12. Pace Does the story have a lesson? What is it?
a. Refers on how fast or slow you talk Does the story have a twist, or unexpected ending?
Does the author use any literary device or any
artistic element?
Evidences (Paragraph 2+) Active to Passive Voice
Some questions to explore are:
What is the author’s purpose for writing the story? Is Rules for changing Active Voice into Passive Voice
the author successful with this purpose? Identify the subject, the verb and the object:
What is the setting of the story? Is it appropriate to SVO
the genre? Change the object into subject
How well are the characters developed? Do they Put the suitable helping verb or auxiliary verb.
think, act, and speak in believable way? In case helping verb is given, use the same. But
How well is the plot structured? Is the action note that the helping verb given agrees with the
suspenseful enough? Are the events too predictable? object.
What is the theme or central idea of the story? Change the verb into past participle of the verb
Does the story have a lesson? What is it? Add the preposition of the verb.
Does the story have a twist, or unexpected ending? Add the preposition “by”
Does the author use any literary device or any Change the subject into object.
artistic element?
If a sentence contains two objects namely indirect
Last Paragraph (Conclusion) object and direct object in the active voice, two forms
In the conclusion, you should evaluate the story and of passive voice can be formed.
either recommend it or not to others, depending on The teacher teaches us grammar. (AV)
whether it is worthwhile reading. We are taught grammar by the teacher. (PV) (or)
Grammar is taught to us by the teacher. (PV)
Active and Passive Voice
Active Voice Passive Voice
Active Voice I write a letter. A letter is written by me.
Used to show that the subject of the sentence is We must keep the rule. The rule must be kept by
performing the action. us.
Places the doer of the action right beside the action. You bought a book. A book was bought by
This means we use fewer words which helps you.
prevent possible misunderstanding. He closed the window. The window was closed by
It is more direct and concise him.
The subject does the action She was writing letters. Letters were being written
by her.
Dogs eat bones. Passive to Active Voice
While changing passive voice into active voice, we
Passive Voice must keep in mind all the rules of the active voice in
Used when the subject is the recipient of the action. the reverse order
It is usually wordier We come across sentences in the passive voice
The verb takes an object without subject or agent. In this case, supply the
appropriate subject
Example:
Bones are eaten by dogs. My purse has been stolen. (Passive)
Somebody has stolen my purse. (Active)
Why does it matter?
Strong writing uses active voice! Let’s Practice!
1. Scientists warn us about natural disasters.
When would you want to use passive voice? 2. A fire burned 15 houses last summer.
When intentionally trying to hide the subject of the 3. The city of Baguio was damaged by an earthquake.
sentence 4. Cries for help were issued by the citizens.
For example, a politician might say, 5. Panic was felt by many.
“The mistake was made by someone.” 6. The firemen brought victims to health centers.
Hiding the subject helps him hide the blame 7. Doctors quickly treated the patients.
When intentionally trying to minimize the guilt of
the subject
For example, a cheating boyfriend might say,
“Cheating was committed by me.”
When Passive Voice better emphasizes the main
point of the message, such as
“Children were harmed by the drunk driver.”
1. The man was given a harsh sentence by the judge. Edit punctuation marks:
2. His bizarre behavior was ridiculed by his peers. Let’s eat children!
3. This wildlife sanctuary protects endangered Let’s eat, children!
species.
4. This new film is praised by the critics for its Edit Spelling:
honesty. The decorations are bear.
5. Mr. Dy is opening a new store in this area. The decorations are bare.
6. The butler slowly opened the door.
7. A pathway to the garage was being shoveled by my Your beer was drank by that man.
brother. Your beer was drunk by that man.
8. A Filipino architect designed this plaza.
9. The winner was given a certificate by the mayor. Edit capitalization:
10. Those trees were planted by the previous owners. The Keynote speaker, Dr. Ely Conor, will speak on
saturday.
Editing and Revising They keynote speaker, dr. Ely Conor, will speak on
Saturday.
1. Identify the steps in the writing process. They keynote speaker, Dr. Ely Conor, will speak on
2. Edit and revise drafts of story review. Saturday.
Quiz Edit sentence structure:
1. This classic fairy tale fascinate story tellers, film
Our teacher gave us a lot of homework. Our teacher
makers and readers.
also gave us three projects to do.
2. Neither the coach nor the players is joining.
Our teacher gave us a lot of homework and also
3. Jake, accompanied by his parents, enrolled in
three projects to do.
SWU.
4. One of the senator is against the bill.
Recommended exercise includes to run, to swim
5. She had come prepared for such an emergency,
and cycling.
but any delay might prove embarrassing.
Recommended exercise includes running, to swim,
6. Liza is more prettier than Nadine.
and cycling.
7. Both was asking to be freed from their
forbidden affection to each other. Recommended exercise includes running,
8. The familys’ gathering every weekend swimming, and cycling.
strengthen the relationship.
9. A dog that loves its owner deserve a reward. Edit content:
10. The number of people lined up for tickets were He’s very intelligent – he’s in college and he’s an
four hundred. athlete.
11. He is as interesting as his spontaneous moods. He’s very intelligent – he excels in university and is a
12. She is talented, friendly, but kind. very strategic volleyball player.
13. A number of people has written their story
review. Edit organization:
14. The latest news are alarming to the public. Condensation happens when water vapor from
15. The best way out of this cunondrum is a water that is heated hits a cold surface and turns
political compromise. back into water.
Condensation happens when water vapor turns
Effective writing needs to be planned, reviewed, and back into water. This happens when water vapor
changed to suit your purpose and your audience. hits a cold surface.
Editing: Edit for audience and purpose:
Looking for and Fixing Errors Context: damage on property because of
After making sure that your writing says what you construction in another property
want to say, proofread for correctness. Message: apology for damage
Check for capitalization, punctuation, indention, Purpose: Express emotion, Personal, neighbor to
and spelling. neighbor
Revising: X – We are ashamed by the damage, though
Making Changes to Improve Writing unintentional, our construction caused to your roof.
Essentially, revision is a recurrent process of writing (disclaimer sounds defensive)
and re-writing whereas editing focuses more on X – It is with sincere regret that our construction
stylistic and grammatical forms. damaged your roof. (too formal)
In revising, the writer tends to add, rearrange, X – I’m sooo sorry your roof is breaked! (spelling error,
remove, and replace. too informal, unless you’re very close)
/ - I’m so sorry that your roof got damaged. (just right)