TEXT ANNEXURE PLATES

TEXT, ANNEXURE & PLATES

NIMBALKOT
BLOCK
Highly weathered and fractured dolomite exposures

SILICIFIED ZONE
MINERAL EXPLORATION CORPORATION LIMITED
(A Government of India Enterprise)
EASTERN ZONE,
RANCHI - 839003
AUGUST, 2012

1
 GEOLOGICAL REPORT ON EXPLORATION FOR DOLOMITE IN
RUPA PROSPECT, WEST KEMANG DISTRICT, ARUNACHAL PRADESH,
INDIA

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.0.0 Introduction

1.1.0 The dolomite occurrences are widely spread in the country. Mineral dolomite is
chemically calcium-magnesium carbonate Ca Mg (CO3)2. In commercial terms rock
containing 40-45% MgCO3 is usually called dolomite. It is used as flux in iron, steel,
ferro-alloys works, also used in chemical, paper and rubber industries.

1.1.1 Total resources of dolomite are placed at 7533 million tonnes, as per UNFC System
as on 01. 04. 2005, out of which 985 million tonnes are placed under Probable
reserves category (STD-121 & 122) and the balance 6548 million tonnes under
remaining resources category. Country is deficit in low silica dolomite (B. F/SMS
grade resources).

1.1.2 Rupa Dolomite Prospect was identified for exploration in the report of “Task Force”
for the mineral development in the north-eastern states. Rupa dolomite prospect
was identified for exploration by MECL in the meeting held on 29 th July 2008 by the
Ministry of Mines. Accordingly, MECL prepared and submitted the exploration
scheme to the Standing Committee on Promotional Projects (SCPP) for Mineral
Exploration Corporation Limited in meeting held on 10.09.2008. The Committee
approved the scheme with 800m of drilling in 8 nos. of boreholes with matching
geological and laboratory work with an estimated cost of Rs. 295.96 lacs. The
financial sanction was obtained from Ministry of Mines vide letter No. 37(11)/2008.
M. I. dated 26.11.2008.

1.1.3 Accordingly, MECL commenced the exploration work in Rupa Dolomite Prospect in
the month of July 2010 after getting forest permission and concluded the field work
i.e. geological mapping, drilling, sampling in November 2011 and this exploration
report is being submitted in August 2012 after receiving all the physical and chemical
analysis reports on samples.

1.2.0 Location and Accessibility

1.2.1 The Rupa dolomite prospect lies in the Survey of India Toposheet No. 83 A/8 and
bounded by Latitude 27°10'39" – 27°11'45" N & Longitude 92°21'44" – 92°23'33" E.

I
 Rupa village is approachable from Assam planes through Bhalukpong-Bomdila and
Doimara-Shergaon Rupa road. Rupa prospect is 12 km. SW of Rupa village(Fig.- 1).

1.2.2 The topography of the area comprises highly rugged terrain with series of hills and
deep valleys, with reduced level varying from 2160m (max) to 1760m (min) in the
prospect area. Most of the ravine /nalas flow in NE direction and drains into Dublo-
Kho- river which is the main stream of the area. Rainfall is high from April to
September and the annual average rainfall is 2000 mm. During winter, temperature
lowers down to freezing point. Snow clad mountains are seen at 3000m altitude. Rupa
village is at 1500m from mean sea level. Foot hills are densely forested. Bear, wild
bore, fox, hare etc. are the wild animals seen rarely in the area.

1.3.0 Previous Work

1.3.1 The Geological Survey of India (GSI) carried out large scale mapping on 1:5000 scale
covering a total area of 3.03 sq. km. followed by systematic channel & chip sampling.
However, the core drilling and sampling was done in 1.50 sq. km. area. GSI carried
out 868m of drilling in 6 boreholes, shallow pitting and trenching of 172 cu. m.
collected 5002 nos. of channel & chip samples and 911 nos. of drill core samples.
Based on the above work, GSI estimated the total dolomite resources of 143 million
tonnes upto maximum depth of 100m from surface. Boreholes could not be drilled on
the proposed grid pattern due to terrain conditions. The dolomite is BF/SMS grade as
reported by GSI.

1.4.0 Objectives of Exploration

MECL took up the present exploration work with the following objectives.
i. To delineate the depth continuity of dolomite in the area by test drilling.
ii. To estimate in-situ geological resources and quality of dolomite upto 100m vertical
depth.

1.5.0 Present Work by MECL

MECL has commenced its approved field exploration programme in July 2010 and
completed in November 2011.

1.6.0 Quantum of work done by MECL

1.6.1 Quantum of work done by MECL against approved programme is given in the table
below.

II
 Table 1.1: Quantum of work done by MECL

Sl. Item Unit Approved work Work done

1. Topographic Survey i.e. Sq. 3.00 3.20
Triangulation, Contouring Km.
(RF : 1:5000 scale)
2. Detailed Geological Mapping Sq.
(R FKm. 3.00 3.20
1:5000 scale)
3. Drilling (Vertical boreholes) m. 800.00 (8 BHs) 594 (6 BHs.)
4. Laboratory Studies
Chemical
A. Analysis
i. Primary +Check + out crop Nos. 840 626
samples (for 6 radicals)
ii. Composite Samples
a. for 7 radicals Nos. 100 76
b. for 14 radicals Nos. 25 21
Physical
B. Analysis
i. Spectroscopic Studies Nos. 30 23
ii. XRD Studies Nos. 10 10
5. Petrographic Studies Nos. 25 26
6. Specific Gravity Determination Nos. 30 21
7. Beneficiation on Bulk Sample Nos. 1 Not done
8. Environmental Studies Nos. 1 scene In progress
9. Exploration Report Nos. 1 1

2.0.0 Geology

2.1.0 High grade pelitic and psammitic, meta-sediments and intervening mafic bodies of
Late Archaean to Palaeo-Proterozoic age are identified by Geological Survey of
India in Arunachal Pradesh.

2.1.1 Main Central Thrust (MCT) separates Se La Group (medium to high grade
metamorphic rocks) in West Kameng district from Dirang Formation of Bomdila
Group. The Kameng valley occupied by a sequence of low to medium grade meta-
sediments, known as Bomdila Group. A number of workers have mapped the area
and gave their own views and kept the rocks under varying Groups/Formations.

III
2.1.2 Rastogi (1979) has studied the detailed geology of Rupa and its adjoining area. He
has divided the Rupa Formations into two members i.e. Tenga Member and Dublo-
kho Member, separated by Dunuk Kho thrust.
2.1.3 Later on Roychowdary and Dr. T. Rajesham (1986) have categorised the entire litho
units of this area under Tenga Group (Pre Cambrian) and subdivided these into Tenga
and Buxa formations. The Buxa formations are further subdivided into Jigaon,
Chilliepam, Sunkit and Gocham members. The Jigaon member is the basal unit of
Buxa formations and is overlain by Chilliepam member with a gradational contact. The
laminated dolomite of Chelliepam member with gradual increase in thickness of
dolomite beds grades into Sunkit member. The quartzite of Gocham member is litho
logically identical with Jigaon member. The existence of unconformable contact
between Sunkit and Gocham members which has been folded and tectonically
disturbed can‟t be ruled out.
The geological succession of Rupa area worked out by GSI (1986) is given in Table
below.
Table 2.1 Generalised Geological Succession of Rupa area
Gocham Greenish quartzite
members
Unconformity / Fault
Sunkit Massive, thickly bedded, white and
Member grey dolomite
Buxa
Chilliepam Thinly bedded, alternating sequence of grey
Formation
Member and white dolomite, graphitic dolomite,
TENGA laminated and intimately associated
GROUP with graphitic schist (Basal)
(PRE Jigaon Ortho quartzite with intercalations of phyllite,
CAMBRIAN) Member schist and sills of amphibolite
Fault
Massive sericite quartzite, quartzitic phyllite,
alternations of chlorite schist with minor chert bands
and intrusions of amphibolite, jasper bearing
Tenga Formation
conglomerate, pink and purple quartzite, grey slate,
current bedded and ripple marks marked whitish
quartzite with traps

2.1.3 Rupa Dolomite Prospect explored by MECL occupies 3.20 sq. km. The dolomite is
exposed in the area, with thin soil cover of 0.00 – 3.00 m. In south eastern part of the
area, contact between dolomite and graphitic schist / phyllite has been demarcated
based on surface and sub-surface data (Fig.-2). The strike of dolomite in general is
ENE-WSW with general dip of 35°– 40° due NW.

IV
2.2.0 Structure

2.2.1 General trend of the formations in and around Rupa is ENE – WSW with dips
ranging from 20°-70° due NNW. Reversal of dips with swerving trends indicates
presence of megascopic folds with axis trending in NE-SW direction.A synformal
structure with NE-SW trending axis and plunging due NE on the basis of outcrop
pattern has been deciphered.

3.0.0 Nature of dolomite deposit in Rupa area

3.1.1 Dolomite is covering vast area in and around Rupa prospect. As per GSI thickness
of dolomite bed is more than [Link] appears to be autochthonous,stratiform with
bands of limestone, graphitic schist, phyllite and thin quartzite bands.
In Rupa prospect, based on cut off considered for computing dolomite zones on
primary samples data, 2-3 zones were demarcated. Dolomite is clean and of low
silica content as revealed by chemical analysis and physical analysis data of drill
core samples. Dolomite is B.F. / SMS grade.

3.2.0 Analytical Characteristics

1. Dolomite zones are clean with low silica content.

2. Major mineral is dolomite > 5%; minor minerals like quartz, mica, opaque etc.
are <5% and trace minerals like sphene,kaolinite,quartz,epidote [Link] <1% as
per Petrographic studies.
3. 2-3 dolomite zones have been demarcated in boreholes drilled by MECL based
on cut-off. Thickness of zones vary from 14.00m to 56.00m.
4. In two boreholes, siliceous dolomite (>4% SiO2 and >18% MgO) band has been
intersected within dolomite.
5. Silica content vary between 0.24% to 2.45%,CaO vary from 25.84% to 31.69%
and MgO 18.40% to 21.43%.
6. Boreholes were closed in dolomite only except MRD-3.
7. The Spectroscopic studies reveals presence of trace elements like Pb, Ni, Co,
Mo, Zn, Mn, Cr etc. in negligible quantity i.e. <0.001% or <0.005%.

V
4.0.0 Resources of Dolomite

1. Based on primary analysis dolomite zones have been demarcated considering

following specifications of steel industries.
i. SiO2 4% (max) ii. CaO 25% (min) iii. MgO 18% (min)

2. Area of prospected block is about 3.20 [Link]. and very irregular in shape.
Boreholes could not be drilled on a regular grid pattern as proposed. They were
drilled mostly along accessible location near road side.

3. Cross section method was adopted for resource estimation (Fig. 3). Cross
sectional area was computed by Autocad method for Indicated and Inferred
categories resources in 5 nos. of Cross sections.

4. Average Specific Gravity of 2.80 has been taken for resource estimation.
A total of 935.46 million tonnes of gross in-situ dolomite resources with SiO2 -
1.37%, CaO - 30.50%, MgO - 20.95% have been estimated covering an area of
3.20 [Link]. upto 120 m depth from surface by cross section method.

Out of 935.46 million tonnes, 253.19 million tonnes with grade SiO 2 1.85%, CaO
30.22%, MgO 20.65% are under Indicated category (332 UNFC) resources and
rest 682.26 million tonnes with grade SiO2 1.19%, CaO 30.61% , MgO 21.06%
are under Inferred resources (333 UNFC).

40% resources might be lost due to poor core recovery of dolomite due to highly
crushed, fractured strata and solution cavities and also slope factor. Therefore,
total resources may be available in the prospect of the order of 561.26 million
tonnes (Indicated 151.91 m.t. + Inferred 409.35 m.t.).

As per UNFC the resources are kept under 332 & 333 category due to very
irregular shape of prospect boundary and the boreholes not drilled in the
proposed grid pattern. Only one borehole has been drilled on each section line
except S-1 & S-4. As per the norms laid by expert committee for sale of MECL
reports, this report comes under ‘C’ category.

VI
5.0.0 Conclusion and Recommendation

5.1.0 Conclusion

1. MECL has drilled six vertical boreholes covering 3.20 [Link]. area. Mostly single
borehole was drilled on each section.
2. Boreholes were not drilled on a regular grid pattern of 500 x 500m as proposed,
due to inaccessibility of location.
3. Only one GSI borehole RD-1, is falling within prospect area, hence data of this
borehole was considered for resource estimation.
4. A total of 935.46 million tonnes gross in-situ (561.26 million tonnes of net in-situ)
dolomite resources with grade SiO2 1.37%, CaO 30.50 % and MgO 20.95 %
estimated. These resources have been kept at 332 & 333 of UNFC and under
„C‟ category.

5.2.0 Recommendations

1. Systematic detailed geological mapping is recommended on 1:2000 scale in

the central portion of exploration block which covers the area between section
line S-2 to S-4, so that all the geological features like different lithological
contacts, attitude of formations, minor fold, faults, joints, etc. can be recorded
precisely on map.

2. Resources estimated in the prospected area require systematic exploration by

drilling in regular close space grid pattern. For this purpose an accessible
area of 1.0 sq. km. may be selected to bring resources under 331 of UNFC.
An utmost care has to be taken while drilling boreholes in order to get still
better core recovery in future.

3. Deeper boreholes beyond 100m depth may be taken as most of the boreholes
drilled have been closed in dolomite.

VII
 EXEHINDI

VIII
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
 CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE
DESCRIPTION
NO. NO.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (ENGLISH)

I – VII
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (HINDI)

I INTRODUCTION 1- 4
1.1.0. Background Information 1
1.2.0 Location and Accessibility 2
1.3.0 Physiography and Climate 2
1.4.0 Previous Work 3
1.5.0 Present Work 3
1.6.0 Scope & Limitation 4
II GEOLOGY AND STRUCTURE 5-10
2.1.0 Regional Geology 5
2.2.0 Geology of Exploration Block 8
2.3.0 Structure 9
III EXPLORATION BY MECL 10-14
3.1.0 General 10
3.2.0 Surveying 11
3.3.0 Geological Mapping 11
3.4.0 Exploratory Drilling 11
3.5.0 Core Logging 12
3.6.0 Primary Samples 12
3.7.0 Composite samples 13
3.8.0 Spectroscopic Analysis 13
3.9.0 X-Ray Diffraction Studies 13
3.10.0 Petrographic Studies 13
3.11.0 Specific Gravity Determination 14
3.12.0 Ore Beneficiation studies 14
3.13.0 Baseline Environmental Studies 14
3.14.0 Peer Review 14

1
IV 15-25
RESULTS OF EXPLORATION DATA
4.1.0 General 15
4.2.0 Nature of Deposit 15
4.3.0 Cut off grade 15
4.4.0 Thickness & grade of Dolomite with depth 16
4.5.0 Over Burden 18
4.6.0 Core Recovery 18
4.7.0 Physical Properties 18
4.8.0 Reliability of Chemical Analysis. 18
4.9.0 Correlation Matrix 24
4.10.0 Specific Gravity 24
4.11.0 Rock Quality Determinations 24
4.12.0 Resource Estimation 24
4.13.0 Infrastructure 25
V DOLOMITE RESOURCES & GRADE 26-32
5.1.0 General 26
5.2.0 Limit of Prospect Area 26
5.3.0 Ore Zones 26
5.4.0 Computation of Ore Resources 27
5.5.0 Category of Resources 29
5.6.0 Resources & Grades 29
5.7.0 Summary of Resources 30
5.8.0 Strip Ratio 32
VI CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 33
6.1.0 Conclusions 33
6.2.0 Recommendations 33

2
 LIST OF ANNEXURES
ANNEXURE T I T L E PAGE
NO. NO.
I Details of Survey Points & Triangulation Stations in Rupa-Dolomite I-1
Prospects, Distt- West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh
II Details of Boreholes Drilled by MECL in Rupa Dolomite Prospect, II-1
Distt.- West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh.
III Details of Boreholes Drilled by GSI in Rupa Dolomite Prospect, Distt.- III-1
West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh
IV Detailed Litholog of Boreholes drilled by MECL in Rupa Dolomite IV-1 to IV-28
Prospect, Distt.-West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh
V Consolidated Litholog of Boreholes drilled by GSI in Rupa Dolomite V-1 to V-2
Prospect, Distt.- West Kameng, Arunachal
VIA Analytical Results of Primary Samples of Boreholes drilled by MECL, VIA-1 to
Rupa Dolomite Prospect, Distt. – West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh. VIA-23
VI B Analytical Results of Primary Samples from outcrops in Rupa Dolomite VI B-1
Prospect, Distt.- West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh
VI-C Analytical Results of Primary Samples of Borehole drilled by GSI, VI-1 to VI-2
Rupa Dolomite Prospect, District- West Kameng , Arunachal Pradesh
VII A Analytical Results of Composite Samples (7 radicals), Rupa Dolomite VII A-1 to
Prospect, Distt.-West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh VII A-2
VII B Analytical Results of Composite Samples (14 radicals) Rupa Dolomite VII B-1
Prospect, Distt. – West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh.
VIII Comparative Statement of Primary Vs of check sample Analysis Rupa VIII-1
Dolomite Prospect, Distt. – West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh.
IX Results of Semi quantitative Spectroscopic Analysis of Composite IX-1
Samples of Rupa Dolomite Prospect, Distt. –West Kameng, Arunachal
Pradesh.
X Results of X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of Composite Samples, Rupa X-1
Dolomite Prospect, Distt. –West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh.
XI Results of Petrographic Studies, Rupa Dolomite Prospect, Distt. – West XI-1 to XI-9
Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh.
XII Details of Specific Gravity Determination of Borehole core and Outcrop XII-1
Samples in Rupa Dolomite Prospect, Distt. – West Kameng, Arunachal
Pradesh.
XIII Details of Mineralised zones intersected in Boreholes drilled by MECL, XIII-1
Rupa Dolomite Prospect, Distt. – West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh.
XIV Section wise Borehole wise indicated category (332), Rupa Dolomite XIV-1
Prospect, Distt.– West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh.
XV Section-wise, Borehole wise Inferred category (333) Resources of XV-1
Rupa Dolomite Prospect, Distt. – West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh.
XVI Statement showing Administrative/Financial sanction for detailed XVI-1 to
exploration of Dolomite in Rupa Dolomite Prospect, Distt. – West XVI-3
Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh.
XVII Executive Summary of Base line Environmental Studies, Rupa XVII-1- XVII-9
Dolomite Prospect, Distt. – West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh.

3
 LIST OF PLATES

PLATE TI T L E R. F. DO. NO TRACING

NO. NO.
-
Location Map, Rupa Dolomite Block, Distt. MEC/ CHQ/ NGP/ 1
I
– West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh. DO. NO. 886 / 2012

Regional Geological Map with MECL 1:50,000 MEC/CHQ/NGP/ 2

II
Borehole locations, of Rupa Dolomite Block DO. NO. 887 / 2012
(Part), Distt. – West Kameng, Arunachal
Pradesh. (After GSI)

Topographical & Geological Map of Rupa 1:5,000 MEC/CHQ/ NGP/ 3

III
Dolomite Block, Distt. – West Kameng, DO. NO. 888/2012
Arunachal Pradesh.

IV Geological Cross Section along Cross 1:2,000 MEC/CHQ /NGP/ 4

Section line S1-S1‟. S2-S2‟, S3-S3‟, S4-S4‟ DO. NO. 889 / 2012
& S5-S5‟ Rupa Dolomite Block, Distt. –
West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh.

V Graphic Litholog of Boreholes drilled by 1:200 MEC/CHQ/NGP/ 5

MECL, MRD-1, MRD-2, MRD-3, MRD-4, DO. NO.890 / 2012
MRD-5 & MRD-6 Rupa Dolomite Block,
Distt. – West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh.

4
 GEOLOGICAL REPORT ON EXPLORATION FOR DOLOMITE IN
RUPA PROSPECT, DISTRICT-WEST KAMENG
ARUNACHAL PRADESH, INDIA

CHAPTER - I

INTRODUCTION

1.1.0 Background Information

1.1.1 The dolomite occurrences are widely spread in the country. Mineral Dolomite is
Calcium-Magnesium Carbonate having chemical formula CaMg (CO 3)2.
Theoretically it contains CaCO3 -54.35% and MgCO3-45.65% or CaO-30.40%,
MgO-21.90% and CO2-47.7%. However, in nature dolomite does not occur in
this proportion. In commercial terms rock containing 40-45% MgCO3 is usually
called dolomite. Dolomite after calcination is used for refractory purpose. It is
used as a flux in iron, steel, ferro-alloys works etc. It is also used in chemical,
paper, rubber industries. In agriculture, it is used as a soil conditioner to
neutralize acidity. Insolubles like SiO2, Fe2O3 and Al2O3 are considered
deleterious constituents of dolomite for any industrial use. These insolubles
should be within the specific limits. High-grade dolomite with less than 1%
insoluble is preferred for making refractory bricks, which are used in the lining
of LD furnaces.

1.1.2 In India the total resources of dolomite are placed at 7533 million tonnes as
per UNFC System, as on 01.04.2005, out of which 985 million tonnes are
placed under probable reserves category (STD 121 & 122) and the balance
i.e. 6,548 million tonnes under remaining resources category.

Ten states namely Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Jharkhand,

Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan, Uttrakhand
have reported production of dolomite together of the order of 5.10 million
tonnes, during 2009-10, decreased by 6% as compared to that of previous
year. There is no reported production from Arunachal Pradesh. The total
consumption of dolomite in 2009-10 was 6.09 million tonnes. It can be seen
that consumption of dolomite by various industries during 2009-10 is more
than production. Consumption is increased by 9% as compared to that of
2008-09. The requirement of low silica dolomite is increasing in Steel Plants
like Bhilai, Rourkela, Visakhapatnam and Jamshedpur. Supply of low silica
dolomite is a problem. These steel plants are importing it from Bhutan.

1
1.1.3 Rupa dolomite prospect was identified for exploration in the report of “Task
Force” for the mineral development in the northeastern states. In the meeting
held on 29th July 2008 by Ministry of Mines, Rupa dolomite prospect was
identified for exploration by MECL. Accordingly, MECL prepared the
exploration proposal and put up to Technical Sub Committee of SCPP on
12.8.08. The Committee recommended the scheme. After that, proposal was
discussed and approved by Standing Committee on Promotional Projects
(SCPP) for Mineral Exploration Corporation Limited, in its 19th Meeting held
on 10.09.2008 with 800m of drilling in 8 nos. of vertical boreholes along with
matching geological and laboratory work with an estimated cost of Rs. 295.96
lacs. The financial sanction was obtained vide Ministry‟s letter MoM 37(11)/
2008. M. I. dated 26.11.2008.

1.1.4 MECL commenced fieldwork in the month of July 2010 after getting forest
permission from the authorities and concluded fieldwork i.e. geological
mapping, drilling, sampling in November 2011.

1.2.0 Location and Accessibility

1.2.1 The Rupa prospect lies in the Survey of India Toposheet No. 83 A/8 and
bounded by latitude 27°10'39" – 27°11'45" N and Longitude 92°21'44" –
92°23'33" E. Rupa village is approachable from Assam plains through the
following roads (Plate-I).
a) Bhalukpong - Bomdila – 100 Kms.
b) Tenga foot Hills – 96 Kms.
c) Doimara-Shergaon Rupa – 120 Kms.

The Rupa dolomite prospect is 12 km SW of Rupa village.

1.3.0 Physiography and Climate

1.3.1 The Topography of the prospect area is represented by highly rugged terrain
with reduced level (RL) variation from 2160m to 1760m. The drainage pattern
show flow in northeast direction with streams flowing into Dublo-kho River,
which is the main river of the area. The general slope is towards northeast. A
number of seasonal nalas originate from high altitude and flow to the Dublo-
kho River.

1.3.2 The climatic conditions vary from the foot hill to the interior area. Rainfall is
appreciable high in the foothills from April to September, where as in Tenga
valley rainfall is considerably low. The annual rainfall is about 2000 mm.
However, the rains are most unpredictable. Perpetual snow is seen around

2
LOCATION MAP OF RUPA DOLOMITE PROSPECT
DIST. WEST KAMENG, ARUNACHAL PRADESH

Chumba

TAWANG WEST
Shakti
Jang KAMENG

Nyukmadang

Dirong Depri
Dzong

BOMDILA
RUPA PROSPECT eng
K am
Shergaon

KALAKTONG BHALUKPONG

Doimara

Amatulla

Charduar

MAJBAT RANGAPARA

UDALGURI

PANERI
DHEKIAJULI
DARANG
Brahmaputra River

Text Fig. 1 FIG.1

3
 high altitude of 3800m. During winter, snow clads are seen even at 3000m
altitude. Rupa village is located at an altitude of 1500m on a large river
terrace, bounded in the north by Phudung River and in the east Dunk-kho
River, which are perennial streams.

1.3.3 The foot hills are densely forested, north of Tenga valley undergrowth is less
particularly in and around pine forests. In the foothills, Sal, Hollock and Chuna
trees are common, whereas in high altitudes Pines are abundant. Beer, wild
bore, dear, fox, hare are common wild animals.

1.4.0 Previous Work

1.4.1 Geological Survey of India (GSI) carried out large scale mapping on 1:5000
scale covering a total area of 3.03 [Link]. followed by systematic channel &
chip sampling. However, drilling and core sampling was restricted to an area
of 1.50 [Link]. GSI had drilled 868m in 6 boreholes. Shallow pitting and
trenching of 172 cu. m. was also done. GSI collected 5002 nos. of channel,
chip samples and 911 nos. of drill core samples. Based on this work, GSI
estimated a total of 143 million tonnes resources of dolomite upto 100 m
maximum depths from surface, limited to 20m above the Dublo-kho-stream
level. Boreholes could not be drilled on a grid pattern owing to the steep
slopes, drill machines could not be shifted even on head-load after
dismantling. Drilling was taken up in 6 nos. of boreholes, which were
accessible.

1.5.0 Present Work

1.5.1 The approved work programme of exploration of MECL involving detailed

geological mapping of 3.0 [Link]. on 1:5000 scale, 800m in 8 number of
boreholes at 500m x 500m grid with associated geological and laboratory
work, was commenced on July 2010 and concluded in November 2011.
However, MECL could drill only 594m in 6 nos. of boreholes with collection of
626 nos. of primary samples (drill cores & out crop and check samples), 76
nos. of composite samples, 26 Petrological studies & 21 Specific Gravity
determinations. One Bulk sample of desired weight could not be drawn from
drill core due to poor core recovery; hence Beneficiation Studies were not
done. Baseline Environmental studies were done on one scene for land use
and land pattern covering 10 km radius area. Details of work done is furnished
in Table 3.1 (Para 3.1.1).
MECL could commence its exploration activity in July 2010 after getting forest
permission from the authorities. However, the proposal was approved in 19th
SCPP in September 2008 and the financial sanction from the Ministry was
obtained vide letter number 37(11)/2008 M.I. dated 26.11.08.

3
1.6.0 Scope and Limitations

1.6.1 The objectives of exploration to delineate depth continuity of dolomite in the

area by test drilling and to estimate in-situ geological resources of dolomite and
its quality upto 100 m vertical depth could be achieved partially owing to the
terrain conditions and location of boreholes in forest area. MECL could not
drill 206 m of drilling, due to forest and inaccessibility of borehole points.
Even 6 nos. of boreholes drilled by MECL involving 594 m could not be drilled
on regular grid pattern as proposed. All the six boreholes could be drilled in
accessible location i.e. along or nearer to road as shown in Topography cum
Geological Map Plate - III.
In drilled boreholes, core recovery was not satisfactory. It varies from 30-
60%, at few sections recovery is 70-80% only, less core recovery is due to
highly fractured, friable and disturbed formation with solution cavities, which is
common in dolomite.

4
 CHAPTER - II

GEOLOGY AND STRUCTURE

2.1.0 Regional Geology

2.1.1 Stratigraphic succession of Himalayan Belt of Arunachal Pradesh deduced by

Geological Survey of India is shown in Table-2.1 (Geology and mineral
resources of Arunachal Pradesh, GSI, Miscellaneous publications No. 30 part
IV, Vol I (i) Arunachal Pradesh, 2010).

Table-2.1
Stratigraphic succession of the Himalayan belt of Arunachal Pradesh

Hapoli Formation Sand Clay and Peat Holocene to Recent

Quaternary Unconsolidated sediments represented by
Middle to Upper
Older Alluvium boulders, cobbles, pebbles, sand and sandy clay
Sediments Pleistocene
beds
Main Frontal Fault
Kimin Formation Boulder conglomerate, pebble sandstone Mio - Pliocene
Siwalik Group Subansiri Formation Salt and Pebble lithic arenites Mio - Pliocene
Dafla Formation Micaceous sandstone and calcareous concretions Miocene
Tourmaline bearing Unfoliated mica, medium to coarse grained
29+/- 7 Ma
Leucogranite tourmaline bearing Leucogranite
Early to middle
Dalbuing Formation Limestone with shale intercalation
Yinkiong Eocene
Purple and pale green shales, sandstone, black
Group Late Paleocene to
Geku Formation shale, nodular grey shale, Quartzite (occasionally
Early Eocene
calcareous)
Yamne Formation Pale brown ferruginous shale Upper Permian
Porphyritic aphyric basalt, andesite, acidic tuffs,
Abor volcanics
agglomerates aquagine tuff, volcanic sediments
Upper Member: Feldspathic sandstone, black and
carbonaceous shale with thin impersistent lenticular
Bhareli Formation/ coal
Khelong Formation Lower Member: Arkosic red sandstone-siltstone
and black carbonaceous shale with thin
impersistent lenticular coal Permo-Carboniferous
Gondwana Lichi volcanics Light to dark green basic volcanics
Group Sesa Member: Grey to black tuffaceous (?)
shale with impersistent bands of quartzite
Bichom Formation
Bomte Member: Grey to black shale with
calcareous and phosphatic chert nodules
Rilu Member: Diamictite with subordinate
sandstone, shale and grits
Purple to pinkish, white to greyish white feldspathic
Miri Formation quartzite, purple micaceous shale, diamictite Lower Paleozoic
conglomerate
Biotite granite (Deed Granite / Hawa Pass Granite /
Biotite Granite Tamen Gneiss)
500+19 Ma & 480 Ma
Low-grade carbonaceous mica schist and
Thingbu Formation micaceous quartzite
Neo - Proterozoic
Unconformity (?)

5
 Garnetiferous mica schist, Phylite,
Meso
Dirang / Lumla Formation sericite quartzite, calc silicate and
Proterozoic
tremolite – actinolite marble
Unconformity
Bomdila / Ziro 1536 +/- 23 to
/ Daporijo Biotite Granite Gneiss 1914 +/- 23
Gneiss Ma
Niumi Member: Carbonates
(limestone and dolomite) with
alternation of greenish grey,
Chilliepam /
purple and dark grey,
Dedza /
carbonaceous phyllite
Menga /
Kabak Member: Basal
Mukatang
oligomectic conglomerate,
Formation
quartzite with impersistent bands
of dolomite and black to dark grey
phyllite
Bomdila Reyang Member: Basic meta-
Group volcanics and chlorite-biotite-
Palaeo-
garnet schist interbedded with
Proterozoic
Tenga/ Potin/ flaggy quartzite and thin beds of
Dublo Kho/ marble
Ragidodoke Garubuthan Member: White to
Formation greyish white schist, quartzite,
purple quartzite with purple silky
shale, sericite quartzite and
phyllite
Sericite quartz phyllite,
garnetiferous phyllite and schist,
Khetabari
graphite / carbonaceous phyllite,
Formation
quartzite, minor carbonate chert
and para-amphibolite
Tectonic contact
High grade schist, gneiss and
Galensiniak migmatites (intruded by younger
Formation tourmaline granite and pegmatite
Palaeo-
Se La Group of Tertiary age)
Proterozoic
Taliha / Graphite schist, calc silicate,
Taksing marble, amphibolite and schistose
Formation quartzite

2.1.2 High grade pelitic and psammitic, meta-sediments and intervening mafic
bodies of Late Archaean to Palaeo-Proterozoic age are identified in Arunachal
Pradesh. A movement of short duration is responsible for the deposition of
oligomictic conglomerate, quartzite, pelitic schist and limestone/dolomite.
Deposition of limestone with development of stromatolite in photic zone is
indicative of stable basin condition during the later period with shallow marine /
lacustrine environment.

6
2.1.3 Main central thrust separates Se La Group (the medium – high grade suit of
rocks) in West Kameng district from Dirang Formation. Though the Se La
Group is first described in Se La section, it is best exposed in Subansari
valley, upstream of Tahila. The Se La Group consists of garnetiferous gneiss,
sillmanite-kyanite-garnet bearing gneiss, migmatite, lit-par-lit biotite gneiss,
calc gneiss/marble. Staurolite bearing schist, tourmaline granite, quartzite and
veins of pegmatite.

2.1.4 The Kameng valley occupied by a sequence of low to medium grade meta
sediments with associated gneisses and younger granitiods, of Paleo-
Proterozoic age is known as Bomdila group. The stratigraphic succession of
Bomdila group is given in Table 2.2. From west to east the Bomdila group is
overlain by Dirang formation till east of Subansiri river. In Siyom and Siang
river sections they are tectonically overlain (Main Central Thrust) by the rocks
of the Se La Group. The southern contact of the Bomdila Group is thrusted
and bringing it over either the Gondwanas or the Neogene-Quaternary
sequence in western and central Arunachal Pradesh. In the eastern limb of
the Siang dome, it rests over the Paleogene sequences. Bhusan (1999) has
subdivided the rocks of Bomdila group in to Tenga formation, Dedza
formation, Dirang formation and intrusives in ascending order. Kumar (1997)
subdivided the Bomdila group in to Khetabari, Tenga and Chillepam (Dedza)
formations and the biotite gneisses (Ziro Gneisses) were considered as
intrusives in to the Bomdila Group. The rocks at Khetabari and Tenga
formations are intruded by Ziro gneisses, whereas the rocks of Chilliepam
formations are unaffected by emplacement of the Ziro gneisses. The
Khetabari and Tenga formations show higher grade of metamorphism than
the Chilliepam formation. The biotite granite gneiss consists of foliated gneiss
with occasional megacrystals of feldspar and quartz-migmatitic ortho-gneiss,
streaky feldspathic gneiss and augen gneiss. Whole rock Rb-Sr isotopic
studies of some of the older granitoid gneisses of the Bomdila Group
concludes that Rb/Sr ratio is more than 1, Rb content is moderate to high and
Sr content is low.

Table 2.2 Lithostratigraphic subdivision of Bomdila Group

Dirang / Lumla Formation

unconformity
Bomdila / Ziro / Doporijo Gneiss (older intrusive)
Chilliepam/Dedza/Menga/Mukatang Formation
Bomdila Group
Tenga/Potin/Dublo kho/ Ragidoko Formation
Khetabari Formation
Thrusted over by Se La Group

7
2.2.0 Geology of Exploration Block

2.2.1 Rastogi (1979) studied the detailed geology of the Rupa and its adjoining area.
He divided the Rupa formations into two members i.e. Tenga member and
Dublo-kho member which are separated by Dumuk kho Thrust.

Table 2.1 Tectonic Set up of Rupa area (after Rastogi, 1979)

Formation Member Lithology

R Dolomite massive gray and white with
U Dublo Kho- intercalation of quartzite /vein quartz
P Member Black dolomite biotruncated gray sheared
A dolomite
F Graphitic / carbonaceous dolomite
O ---------Dunuk Kho-Thrust-------
R Quartzite
M Tenga Biotite schist and quartz phyllite
A Member Biotite schist with interbands of dolomite
T Quartz-biotite magnetite phyllite
I Orthoquartzite both layered and massive
O Amphibolite
n Orthoquartzite
Amphibolite and biotitic schist
--------- Thrust-------
Bomdila Formation Gneisses, Biotite schist and Amphibolite

2.2.2 Later J. Roychowdary and Dr. T. Rajesham (1986) have categorized the entire
litho units of this area under Tenga member (Pre Cambrian) and subdivided
these into Tenga and Buxa formations. The Buxa formations are further
subdivided into Jigaon, Chilliepam, Sunkit and Gocham members. The Jigaon
member is the basal unit of Buxa formations and is overlain by Chilliepam
member with gradual increase in thickness of dolomite beds grades into
Sunkit member. The q uartzite of Gocham member is lithologically identical
with Jigaon member. The existence of unconformable contact between Sunkit
and Gocham members which has been folded and tectonically disturbed can‟t
be ruled out. The geological succession of Rupa area worked out by GSI
(1986) is given in following table:

8
 E 2936500 E 2937000 E 2937500 E 2938000 E 2938500 E 2939000 E 2939500 E 2940000
N 1133300 N 1133300

RD-1

N 1132500 N 1132500
T-1

T-2

RL 1958.52
T-3

RL 1975.55

MONASTERY

N 1132000 N 1132000

RL 1999.50 20°

ED

T
RR ED

HIS
FE AT

SC
IN DIC
IN

E
IT
OR
RL 2026.05

HL
T/C
HIS
SC
IC
HIT
RL 2031.61 RL 1998.68

AP
RL 2009.88 RL 1967.21

GR
RL 1940.13
RL 2034.23
27°
20°

RL 2045.31 20°

ED RL 1933.64 40°
AT ED
DIC R
IN FER
N 1130500 IN N 1130500
LUMBAKTANG
VILLAGE

RL 2094.60
T-38
RL 1940.02
ED
RR ED
FE AT
IN DIC T-10
IN INDEX

MRD-4
20°

RL 2126.66 RL 2126.65 T-27 ED BOREHOLES DRILLED BY MECL

RL 1944.17 RR ED RL 2034.36 32°
FE AT
20°

IN DIC 35°
IN RD-1
RL 1938.01 RL 2010.07 BOREHOLES DRILLED BY GSI
ED

GE
AT ED

LA
DIC R T-18
IN FER

VIL
IN SURVEY STATION

M
IPA
RL 1934.52

ILL
RL 2029.46

CH
RL 1979.31 REDUCED LEVEL (m)
T-24
°
26°
26

20°
NALA
27°
N 1131000 N 1131000

TEMPLE ED
CULVERT
RR ED RL 2028.36
FE AT
IN DIC
IN VILLAGE
RL 2027.80
RL 1940.04 331°1° S-1'
BSNL TOWER
SECTION LINE
S-1
ED RL 2004.53
RR ED ROAD UN-METALLED
FE AT
IN DIC RL 1942.61
IN
BLOCK BOUNDARY
RL 1979.31
RL 2014.04 RESOURCE CATEGORY
T-17
MID LINE

T-18 SECTOR NUMBER WITH AREA IN Sq.m

T-18A
RL 1949.79 T-19

N 1130500 N 1130500
T-20

RUPA DOLOMITE BLOCK

DISTRICT :WEST
: KAMENG STATE : ARUNACHAL PRADESH

DATA PREPARED BY : Suhas Khadse Manager(Geo.)

CHECKED BY : S. K. Lagoo, Manager(Geo.)

APPROVED BY: S.K. Thakur Dy.G.M.(Exploration)

N 1130000 N 1130000
E 2936500 E 2937000 E 2937500 E 2938000 E 2938500 E 2939000 E 2939500 E 2940000

10
 Table 2.3 Generalised geological succession of Rupa area (After GSI)
Gocham Greenish quartzite
members
Unconformity / Fault
Sunkit Massive, thickly bedded, white and grey dolomite
Buxa Member
Formation Chilliepam Thinly bedded, alternating sequence of grey and
Tenga Member white dolomite, graphitic dolomite, laminated and
Group intimately associated with graphitic schist (Basal)
(Pre Jigaon Ortho quartzite with intercalations of phyllite,
Cambrian) Member schist and sills of amphibolite
------------ Faulted contact ------------
Massive sericite quartzite, quartzitic phyllite, alternations
of chlorite schist with minor chert bands and intrusions of
Tenga
amphibolite, jasper bearing conglomerate, pink and purple
Formation
quartzite, grey slate, current bedded and ripple marks
marked whitish quartzite with traps

2.2.3 In the block area of about 3.20 [Link]. dolomite exposures is seen scattered
almost in whole block area. At places it is covered with soil thickness vary
from 0.00 - 3.0m. On Southeastern part of block area, an inferred contact
between dolomite and graphitic schist/chlorite schist/phyllite is marked based
on sub surface exploration data (Plate-III & Plate-IV).
At places thin quartzite bands within dolomite has been mapped in the
prospect area.

2.3.0 Structure

2.3.1 General trend of the formations in and around of Rupa is ENE – WSW with
dips ranging from 20° - 70° due NNW. Reversal dips with swerving trends
indicates the existence of megascopic fold with axes trending in NE-SW
direction. Development of joints closely spaced causes difficulty in
deciphering foliation/bedding. The colour banding forms the criteria to
decipher bedding plane. A synformal structure with NE-SW trending axis and
plunging towards NE has been envisaged, on the basis of outcrop pattern and
structural disposition of the rock units. Four sets of joints striking in N60°E –
S60°W dipping in NW, SE, SW & NE are observed in the area.

9
 CHAPTER – III

EXPLORATION BY MECL
3.1.0 General

3.1.0 MECL carried out exploration in Rupa dolomite prospect covering an area of
about 3.20 sq. km. MECL commenced fieldwork in July 2010 and concluded in
November 2011. The geological report on exploration for dolomite in Rupa
block was submitted in August 2012. The quantum of work achieved by MECL
against approved work is given in Table 3.1.

Table No. 3.1 Quantum of work done by MECL

Sl. Item Unit Approved Quantum

No work
1. Topographical Survey i.e. Triangulation & [Link]. 3.0 3.20
Contouring (R F 1:5000) (Approx.)
2. Detailed geological mapping (R F 1:5000) [Link]. 3.0 3.20
3. Drilling m. 800 594
(8 BHs) (6 BHs)
4. Sampling
i ). Primary Samples
a. Drill core Nos. 820 588
b. Out crop Nos. 20 19
c. Check Nos. 41 19

ii ). Composite Samples
a. For 7 radicals Nos. 100 76
b. For 14 radicals Nos. 25 21
c. Spectroscopic studies Nos. 30 23
d. XRD studies Nos. 10 10
5. Petrographic Studies Nos. 25 26
6. Specific Gravity determination Nos. 30 21
7. Environmental Studies Scene 1 1
8. Beneficiation Studies Nos. 1 Not done
9. Exploration Report Nos. 1 1

10
3.2.0 Surveying:

3.2.1 In order to carry out Survey work triangulation net work was laid down in the
area. The line joining triangulation stations T-17 & T-18 has been considered
as base line. The bearing and distance between T-17 & T-18 are 249° - 49' -
51" and 256.9470m respectively. A total of 40 number of Survey traverse
stations have been established. The Geographical co-ordinates were
converted to national co-ordinate by using MECL conversion software.

The reduced level has been carried from GSI borehole RD-1 having R. L.
1886.00m. A contour plan of the prospect incorporating the entire surface
feature has been prepared on 1:5000 scale with 5m contour interval (Plate-
III). The co-ordinates & reduced levels of survey points and boreholes drilled
by MECL and GSI are furnished in Annexure - I, II & III.

3.3.0 Geological Mapping

3.2.1 Detailed geological mapping was done on 1:5000 scale by taking section line
traverses wherever the area was accessible. Generally these traverses were
taken all along the road. A total of 4.25 km length was covered. A total of
about 3.20 [Link]. area was covered by detailed mapping, covering about
200m on either side of each section line. In major part of the area, dolomite is
exposed at places. It is covered with soil (0-3m). In Southeastern part of the
block, contact between dolomite and graphitic schist/ phyllite was observed
and marked on map (Plate No. III). Dolomite is also exposed on roadside
cutting. During mapping 19 nos. of out crop samples were collected for
Petrological and Chemical analysis. The ENE-WSW strike of bedding is clear
in the eastern side of the prospect, becomes more East-West towards south.
In the northwestern side, the ground data on bedding is missing but one
outcrop of quartzite shows NW-SE trend.

3.4.0 Exploratory Drilling

3.4.1 A total of 594m of drilling was done in the block in 6 nos. of boreholes,
spacing between two boreholes vary from 435m to 1370m. It covered a total
length along roadside of about 4.25 km. In the approved scheme, boreholes
were proposed at 500m x 500m grid. However, on account of rugged nature
of terrain, in-accessible borehole location and forest, boreholes were located
and drilled almost along roadside, wherever it was accessible. Boreholes
were drilled by both methods i.e. wet drilling method and dry drilling method in
order to get better core recovery. In general core recovery varies from 30% to
60%. At places where dolomite is massive, the recovery is more than 70%.

11
N34°W S34°E

Text Fig-3

14
 Low core recovery is due to highly friable, fractured, jointed dolomite and
solution cavities in dolomite. In wet drilling, there was complete water loss due
to highly fractured/jointed strata. The normal drill length varies from 0.50m to
2.0m. Highly fractured and jointed nature of dolomite posed problem for better
core recovery. At such depth, dry drilling method was adopted by taking short
run with controlled rotation. Wherever, core recovery was low, sludge was also
collected.

3.4.2 All the boreholes were drilled vertical upto around 100m and were closed in
dolomite except borehole no. MRD-3, which was closed in graphitic
schist/phyllite at a depth of 71.00m. Locations of boreholes are given in Plate
No. III & Plate No. IV.

3.5.0 Core Logging

3.4.1 The drill cores and sludge recovered from the boreholes were logged
systematically in detail run by run. Colour banding, grain size, fracture, joint,
solution cavity, lithology like dolomite, graphitic schist, hornblende-quarts
schist phyllite etc. were recorded. Detailed run wise log is given as Annexure -
IV and graphic log on 1:200 R. F. presented in Plate-V. Consolidated log of
GSI boreholes RD-1 to RD-6 is given as Annexure - V.

3.6.0 Primary Samples

3.6.1 Primary Samples were drawn from out crops and drill cores.

8. Out crop Samples: Grab chip samples of length varying from 5” – 6”,
width varying from 2” – 3” and depth varying from 0.5” – 1” were
collected from out crop of dolomite exposed in road cutting. The outcrop
samples were drawn across the strike of the bedding. The outcrop
samples were crushed and powdered to (-)100 mesh. Samples are then
mixed thoroughly and 50 gm of samples were sent to MECL laboratory at
Nagpur. A total of 19 samples were drawn, their analytical results are
given in Annexure – VI B. Location of out crop samples are shown in
Plate-III.
2. Drill core Samples: Drill core samples were drawn at 1.0 m regular
interval irrespective of drill runs, depending upon the change in lithology,
core recovery etc. Drill core were crushed and powdered to (-) 100 mesh
size by pestal and mortar. Then samples were mixed thoroughly, cone
quartered. 50 gm samples were sent to MECL laboratory at Nagpur,
remaining (-) 100 mesh samples were kept as duplicate for future use.

12
 A total of 588 primary drill core samples were analysed for 6 radicals.
Analytical results of primary drill core samples and out crop samples are
depicted in Annexure - VI A and VI B.

3.6.2 Check Sampling: In order to know reliability of sampling and analysis, 19 nos.
check samples drawn from duplicate drill core samples of (-) 100 mesh
size and were analysed. The details of check samples are furnished in
Annexure – VIII.

3.7.0 Composite Samples

3.7.1 Composite Samples from dolomite ore zones were prepared from duplicate
primary sample (-) 100 mesh size at every 5m interval (bench height of 5m)
at cut off (+) 18 % MgO (min), 4% SiO2 (max) and 25% CaO (min). A total of
76 numbers of composite samples were drawn. These samples were
analysed for 7 radicals only i.e. SiO2, CaO, MgO, Fe2O3, Al2O3, P2O5, LOI.
The details are given in Annexure – VII A.
21 Composite Samples were analysed for 14 radicals in addition to above 7
radicals i.e. K2O, Na2O, MnO2, SO3, TiO2, V2O5, Cl. Details are given in
Annexure – VII B.

3.8.0 Spectroscopic Analysis

3.8.1 Drill Core Composite Samples (5 interval) from dolomite zones were
subjected to spectroscopic studies for trace and minor elements at Physical
laboratory, MECL, Nagpur. A total of 23 nos. of samples were analysed and
details are furnished in Annexure – IX.

3.9.0 X-Ray Diffraction Studies

3.9.1 A total of 10 nos. composite samples were subjected to X-Ray Diffraction

Studies at Physical laboratory, MECL, Nagpur. Results are given in Annexure
– X.

3.10.0 Petrographic Studies

3.10.1 Drill core (lump samples) and out crop samples were sent to Petrological
laboratory at , MECL, Nagpur. A total of 26 nos. of samples from dolomite
and other lithounits such as graphitic mica schist/phyllite etc. were studied.
Petrographic results are furnished in Annexure – XI.

13
3.11.0 Specific Gravity Determination

3.11.1 The Walker‟s Steel Yard method was used for determination of Specific
Gravity. A total 21 numbers of rock specimen were subjected to Specific
Gravity determination. Results are furnished in Annexure – XII.

3.12.0 Ore Beneficiation Studies

3.12.1 Ore beneficiation studies on one drill core bulk sample was proposed, but due
to poor core recovery in dolomite intersected in boreholes, adequate bulk
samples was not available in drill core, hence beneficiation studies was not
carried out.

3.13.0 Base line Environmental Studies

3.13.1 Data on Base line environmental studies on 1 scene covering an area of 10 km

radius has been collected and the report submitted during the month of
October-2012.

3.14.0 Peer Review

The Geological Report has been subjected to Peer Review as per decision
taken in the 24th SCPP Meeting held on 19th December, 2011 at New Delhi.
The report was sent to the member of review committee member for peer
review.

On receipt of Peer Review comments the report has been finalised after
incorporation of peer review comments/ suggestions.

14
 CHAPTER - IV
RESULTS OF EXPLORATION DATA

4.1.0 General

4.1.1 In nature dolomite occurs as sedimentary rocks having chemical composition of

Calcium-Magnesium Carbonate CaMg (CO3)2. Dolomite occurrence is wide
spread in the country. In commercial term rock containing 40-45% MgCO3 is
usually called dolomite. It is used in Iron & Steel making as flux. The demand
of low silica dolomite is high in the country.

4.1.2 Rupa dolomite prospect explored, covers an area of 3.20 [Link]. on southern
part, the prospect area is limited by exposure of graphitic schist/phyllite.
Prospect area is demarcated by extending cross section line 200m on either
side and these points were joined to form a block area in such a way that all
survey & exploration points are within demarcated area. Dolomite is wide
spread in the Rupa in & around prospect and covers huge area regionally.

4.2.0 Nature of Deposit

4.2.1 According to GSI, dolomite is covering vast area in and around Rupa village.
It‟s thickness is more than 1000m. The dolomite appears to be autochthonous
and stratiform with limestone band, phyllite and graphitic schist band.
In the Rupa dolomite prospect explored by MECL, dolomite is thick bedded in
nature with intercalation of limestone band and schists. Generally two bands
of dolomite are observed in the boreholes separated by siliceous dolomite (as
per cut off) or by phyllite / graphitic schist. Non-ore bands occur locally.

4.3.0 Cut-off Grade

4.3.1 A cut off grade of MgO 18% (Min), CaO 28% (Min) and SiO 2 4% (Max) has
been taken as per the specification of steel industry for identification of zones
and estimation of resources.
The detailed studies of basic data as per the cut off has helped in
demarcating 2-3 dolomite zones in boreholes drilled by MECL in the prospect
based on impersistent bands of graphitic schist/phyllite. All the boreholes
MRD-1,2,4,5 & 6 were closed in dolomite, except MRD-3 where contact of
dolomite with schist/phyllite intersected at 71.00m depth. Dolomite is dipping
with 35° - 40° dip due NW in general. Boreholes were drilled at an interval of
350 to 1300 m along strike (Plate-III). The bearing of the section lines is N
340W – S 340E (S-1, S-2, S-3) & N 360W – S 360E (S-4 & S-5). The details of
dolomite zones intersected in boreholes are given in Annexure-XIII.

15
4.4.0 Thickness and Grade of dolomite with depth

4.4.1 The thickness of dolomite intersected in MECL boreholes has been described
cross section wise / borehole wise as under.

1. Cross Section , S-1 – On cross section S-1 two boreholes have been
drilled at around 335m apart. Borehole RD-1 was drilled by GSI and
MRD-6 by MECL. In RD-1 borehole, soil thickness is 3.0m and dolomite
thickness is 201.15m along borehole. This borehole was drilled at 45°
angle from horizontal in S-E direction. Borehole was closed at 204.15m in
dolomite. Average grade of dolomite is MgO 20.16%, CaO 27.42% and
SiO2 3.76%. Primary sample analysis of GSI borehole RD-1 is available in
report but without depth data, hence average grade is based on arithmetic
mean of each constituent and not on weighted average. In MECL
borehole MRD-6, dolomite intersected at top from 0.00m to 106m depth.
Thickness of dolomite is 106m with grade SiO2 1.11%, CaO 31.69%,
MgO 20.07%. Borehole was closed at 106m depth in dolomite.

2. Cross section S-2, On cross section S-2 borehole MRD-5 was drilled
upto 101.0m depth. In this borehole, thickness of soil is 1.0m, followed by
8.0m thickness of Dolomitic limestone from 1.0m to 9.0m. From 9.00-
65.00 dolomite has been intersected with thickness of 56.0m with average
grade of SiO2 0.40%, MgO 21.01% , CaO 30.78%, slightly lime rich. Thin
schist and limestone band from 65.00 – 67.00m and from 67.00 – 69.00m
respectively. Again dolomite has been intersected at depth from 69.0m –
101.00m, having thickness of 32.0m with average grade of SiO 2 0.57%,
MgO 21.34%, CaO 30.86%. Borehole was closed in dolomite at 101.00m
depth.

3. Cross Section-S-3. Borehole MRD-4 was drilled on section line S-3.

Borehole has intersected 1.0m thick soil from top. Dolomite has been
encountered from 1.0m – 22.0m with average grade of SiO2 1.20%, MgO
21.00%, CaO 30.21%, dolomite is slightly lime rich. A siliceous low grade
dolomite band has been intersected at depth from 22.0m – 35.00m with
average grade SiO2 14.46%, MgO 17.35%, CaO 25.48%. This band was
followed by dolomite intersection from 35.0m to 64.0m with grade SiO2 -
2.42%, MgO-20.79%, CaO - 29.87%. From 64.00 – 74.00m, graphitic
schist band has been intersected and from 74.00m to 78.00m limestone
band has been encountered. At depth from 78.0 – 102.0m dolomite has
been intersected with average grade of SiO2 - 0.96%, MgO - 20.77% ,
CaO - 30.88%. Borehole closed in dolomite at 102.0m depth.

16
4. Cross Section S-4. Two boreholes on section line S-4 namely MRD-1 and
MRD-3 were drilled about 1190m apart. MRD-1 has been drilled in
northern part, while MRD-3 in southern part of block on section line.

In borehole MRD-1, soil thickness is 1.0m from top. Dolomite has been
intersected at depth from 1.0m to 55.00m with average grade SiO 2 2.45%,
MgO 20.97%, CaO 30.13%. From 55.00m to 60.0m siliceous dolomite
band has been intersected with grade SiO2 13.60%, MgO 18.40%, CaO
25.42%. Again dolomite has been intersected from 60.0m to 105.0m with
grade SiO2 1.47%, MgO 21.29%, CaO 30.47%. Borehole was closed at
105.0m depth in dolomite.

Borehole MRD-3 has intersected soil from 0.00 to 1.00m and intersected
Dolomite from 1.00m – 15.00m with average grade SiO2 1.19%, MgO
20.96%, CaO 30.76%. This was followed by Graphitic schist /phyllite from
15.00m to 29.00m depth. Again dolomite band has been intersected from
29.00m – 71.00m with grade, SiO2 0.24%, MgO 21.43%, CaO 30.79%.
Below this, Graphitic schist /phyllite band has been intersected from
71.00m – 78.00m, followed by slightly siliceous low grade dolomite at
depth from 78.00m – 84.00m with grade SiO2 5.79%, MgO 17.98% , CaO
28.15%, followed by phyllite and lime stone band at depth from 84.0m –
92.0 and from 92.0m – 96.0m respectively. Borehole was closed in
graphitic schist / phyllite at 102.0m depth. Two dolomite bands were
separated from phyllite at depth from 15.00m & 29.00m.

5. Cross Section S-5. Borehole MRD-2 was drilled on Cross section line
S-5. Borehole has intersected soil from 0.00 - 2.00m depth. Dolomite has
been intersected from 2.00m to 55.0m with average grade SiO2 1.08%,
MgO 21.38% , CaO 30.96%, followed by siliceous dolomite from 55.00 –
66.00m with grade SiO2 6.38%, MgO 20.13% , CaO 28.65%.
Borehole has again intersected dolomite band from 66.00 – 79.00m with
average grade of SiO2 0.80%, MgO 21.50%, CaO 30.99%. Borehole was
closed at 79.00m depth in dolomite.

Graphitic schist/phyllite bands, lime stone bands intersected in boreholes, occur

within huge thickness of dolomite. Borehole MRD-3, where full thickness of
dolomite has been intersected with contact of graphitic schist and lime stone
band.

17
4.5.0 Overburden

4.5.1 In general the Overburden intersected in boreholes is in the form of soil. In

borehole MRD-3, MRD-4, few graphitic and lime stone bands have been
intersected which occurs within dolomite as such. Thickness of soil vary
from 0.0m to 3.0m.

4.6.0 Core recovery

4.6.1 The run wise lithologs with core recovery in boreholes drilled by MECL is
given in Annexure IV. Core recovery in general varies from 30% to 60%. At
places core recovery is more than 70%. The core loss is attributed to highly
fractured, sheared and closely spaced joints of dolomite. Sometime solution
cavities also played role for poor recovery.

4.7.0 Physical Properties

4.7.1 The results of Chemical & Physical analysis of dolomite samples from Rupa
prospect are incorporated in Annexure- VI to XI.

4.7.2 Dolomite intersected in the boreholes of MECL/GSI of Rupa prospect/block, is

low silica dolomite, SiO2 is less than 2%, with MgO 21%, CaO 31.0%. X-Ray-
Diffraction analysis indicates dolomite contain gangue minerals like quartz,
mica, calcite, feldspar etc. less than 10% or just detected, which indicates
dolomite is free from gangue. Spectroscopic studies done on composite
samples from Rupa block, indicates trace elements like Pb, Ni, Co, Mo, Sn,
Zn, Ba, Cu, Cr, Sr, Bi, V, As are <0.001 -- 0.005%, however Mn% is around
0.035%. Comparison of principal vs. check sample data for main radicals like
SiO2, MgO, CaO is well within stipulated limit. The comparative statement of
principal vs. check analysis is given in Table No.4.1. The MRRE determined is
well within stipulated limits for SiO2, MgO, CaO and furnished in table 4.2. The
scatter plot of Principal Vs Check Analysis for SiO2, MgO, CaO are depicted in
Text Fig.- 4,5 & 6. Petrographic studies shows that the major mineral is
dolomite >5% while minor mineral like mica, sericite, quartz calcite, chlorite is
less 5% , accessary minerals like apatite, sphene, zoisite, opaques chlorite,
Kaolinite are <1%. Details of petrographic studies are incorporated in
Annexure-XI.

4.8.0 Reliability of Chemical Analysis

4.8.1. A total of 19 Check samples from borehole No. MRD-1, MRD-2, MRD-3 & MRD-5 have
been analysed in MECL Chemical Laboratory, Nagpur to check the reliability of
chemical analysis. Details is furnished below in the table-

18
Variation No of Variation in No. of Variation No. of Variation No of Variation No of
in SiO2 Samples CaO Sample in MgO Sample in Al2O3 Sample in Fe2O3 Samples
<0.50% 10 <1.00% 12 <0.50% 8 <0.50% 16 <0.5% 16

0.5-1.00% 3 1.00-2.0% 4 0.5-1.0% 4 0.50-1.0% 2 0.5-1.0% 1

1.00-1.5% 2 200-3.0% - 1.0-1.5% 2 1.0-1.5% - 1.0-1.5% -
1.5-2.0% - 3.00-4.0% - 1.5 -2.0% 2 1.5-2.0% - 1.5-2.0% -
>2.00 4 >4.00% 3 >2.0% 3 >2.0% 1 >2.00% 2

Thus from the above table it is seen that the variation in CaO content is less than 2.0% in 84%
of the samples. The variation in SiO2 content is less than 1.5% in 79% samples. The variation
is less than 2.00% in MgO & Fe2O3 contents are found in 84% & 89% samples respectively.
The variation is less than 0.5% Al2O3 content is found in 84% samples. These variations are
found to be within the permissible limits. Hence, the chemical analysis can be taken as
reliable for the purpose of calculation of grades of dolomite.
TABLE-4.1
COMPARISON OF ASSAY DATA OF PRINCIPAL VS CHECK SAMPLES FOR
RUPA DOLOMITE PROSPECT, DISTRICT : WEST KAMENG, ARUNACHAL PRADESH
SL. SAMPLE PRIMARY SAMPLE SAMPLE CHECK SAMPLE DIFFERENCE
No. NO NO.
SiO2 CaO MgO SiO2 MgO SiO2 CaO MgO
CaO %
% % % % % % % %
1 MRD-1/4 1.02 29.96 22.00 CH-1 0.74 30.38 21.51 0.28 -0.42 0.49
2 MRD-1/20 5.94 29.68 18.90 CH-2 3.65 29.40 20.20 2.29 0.28 -1.30
3 MRD-1/49 10.30 27.30 18.50 CH-3 3.39 29.26 20.20 6.91 -1.96 -1.70
4 MRD-1/66 0.60 30.94 21.80 CH-4 0.12 30.80 21.41 0.48 0.14 0.39
5 MRD-1/97 1.72 30.10 21.10 CH-5 1.40 30.52 20.81 0.32 -0.42 0.29
6 MRD-2/14 1.92 32.20 19.50 CH-6 1.20 30.94 21.01 0.72 1.26 -1.51
7 MRD-2/26 0.38 30.94 21.80 CH-7 0.60 31.22 20.91 -0.22 -0.28 0.89
8 MRD-2/51 0.40 30.80 21.90 CH-8 0.07 30.66 21.11 0.33 0.14 0.79
9 MRD-2/73 0.78 31.50 20.30 CH-9 0.40 31.36 21.21 0.38 0.14 -0.91
10 MRD-3/4 1.11 30.72 21.20 CH-10 0.74 31.00 20.80 0.37 -0.28 0.40
11 MRD-3/22 53.86 7.40 6.50 CH-11 53.66 7.42 6.20 0.20 -0.02 0.30
12 MRD-3/45 0.21 30.74 22.00 CH-12 0.20 30.66 21.31 0.01 0.08 0.69
13 MRD-3/71 54.60 5.88 5.00 CH-13 53.78 4.32 4.93 0.82 1.56 0.07
14 MRD-3/93 3.43 43.96 7.30 CH-14 3.38 45.08 6.36 0.05 -1.12 0.94
15 MRD-5/7 2.24 38.36 13.60 CH-15 1.96 37.88 13.84 0.28 0.48 -0.24
16 MRD-5/21 0.69 30.24 21.20 CH-16 0.58 30.80 20.10 0.11 -0.56 1.10
17 MRD-5/34 0.17 31.22 21.50 CH-17 1.29 30.24 20.30 -1.12 0.98 1.20
18 MRD-5/66 34.00 18.48 8.40 CH-18 33.01 19.06 8.38 0.99 -0.58 0.02
19 MRD-5/80 0.68 30.80 21.11 CH-19 0.69 30.66 20.91 -0.01 0.14 0.20

19
 TABLE-4.2 COMPARISON OF PRIMARY Vs. CHECK ANALYSIS: MgO
------------------------------------------------------------------
| COMPARISION INDEX | PRIMARY CHECK !
------------------------------------------------------------------
| NO. OF SAMPLE PAIRS | 19 |
| ARITHMETIC MEAN | 17.558 17.447 |
| STANDARD DEVIATION | 6.056 6.081 |
| STD. ERROR OF MEAN | 1.389 1.395 |
| VARIANCE | 36.681 36.977 |
| MEAN OF DEVIATION | .111 |
| STANDARD DEVIATION(ERROR) | .873 |
| CORRELATION COEFFICIENT | .990 |
| MEAN ABSOLUTE ERROR | .707 |
| MEAN RELATIVE RANDOM ERROR(%) | 4.038 |
| PAIRED T VALUE | .555 |
| POOLED T VALUE | .056 |
| F VALUE | 1.008 |
| CHI SQUARE VALUE | .79 |
-------------------------------------------------------------------
COMPARISON OF PRIMARY Vs. CHECK ANALYSIS: CaO
------------------------------------------------------------------
| COMPARISION INDEX |PRIMARY CHECK !
------------------------------------------------------------------
| NO. OF SAMPLE PAIRS | 19 |
| ARITHMETIC MEAN | 28.485 28.508 |
| STANDARD DEVIATION | 9.026 9.266 |
| STD. ERROR OF MEAN | 2.071 2.126 |
| VARIANCE | 81.476 85.857 |
| MEAN OF DEVIATION | -.023 |
| STANDARD DEVIATION(ERROR) | .803 |
| CORRELATION COEFFICIENT | .996 |
| MEAN ABSOLUTE ERROR | .571 |
| MEAN RELATIVE RANDOM ERROR(%) | 2.002 |
| PAIRED T VALUE | -.126 |
| POOLED T VALUE | -.008 |
| F VALUE | 1.054 |
| CHI SQUARE VALUE | .86 |
------------------------------------------------------------------
COMPARISON OF PRIMARY Vs. CHECK ANALYSIS: SiO2
------------------------------------------------------------------
| COMPARISION INDEX | PRIMARY CHECK !
------------------------------------------------------------------
| NO. OF SAMPLE PAIRS | 19 |
| ARITHMETIC MEAN | 9.161 8.466 |
| STANDARD DEVIATION | 17.659 17.555 |
| STD. ERROR OF MEAN | 4.051 4.027 |
| VARIANCE | 311.835 308.171 |
| MEAN OF DEVIATION | .694 |
| STANDARD DEVIATION(ERROR) | 1.637 |
| CORRELATION COEFFICIENT | .996 |
| MEAN ABSOLUTE ERROR | .836 |
| MEAN RELATIVE RANDOM ERROR(%) | 9.489 |
| PAIRED T VALUE | 1.848 |
| POOLED T VALUE | .122 |
| F VALUE | 1.012 |
| CHI SQUARE VALUE | 21.31 |
------------------------------------------------------------------

20
 PRIMARY VS. CHECK ANALYSIS (MgO)

23.00
y = 0.9937x + 0.0003
21.00

19.00

17.00
CHECK

15.00

13.00

11.00

9.00

7.00

5.00
5.00 7.00 9.00 11.00 13.00 15.00 17.00 19.00 21.00 23.00
PRIMARY

21
 PRIMARY VS. CHECK ANALYSIS ( CaO)

50.00

45.00
y = 1.0229x - 0.6297

40.00

35.00

30.00
CHECK

25.00

20.00

15.00

10.00

5.00
5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00
PRIMARY

22
 PRIMARY VS. CHECK ANALYSIS ( SiO2)

60.00

y = 0.9898x - 0.601

50.00

40.00
CHECK

30.00

20.00

10.00

0.00
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00
PRIMARY

23
4.9.0 Correlation Matrix

Samples / SiO2 CaO MgO Al2O3 Fe2O3 LOI

Variables
SiO2 1.00 - 0.89 - 0.80 0.96 0.88 - 0.99
CaO 1.00 0.47 - 0.86 - 0.73 0.86
MgO 1.00 - 0.80 - 0.84 0.84
Al2O3 1.00 0.90 - 0.98
Fe2O3 1.00 - 0.91
LOI 1.00

Al2O3 & Fe2O3 shows a negative correlation with MgO & CaO and significant positive
correlation with SiO2. There is negative correlation of LOI with Al2O3 & Fe2O3 and
significant positive correlation with CaO & MgO.

4.10.0 Specific Gravity: Specific Gravity of dolomite has been determined by Walker‟s
Steelyard. Specific Gravity has been determined on 19 drill core lump samples and
two out crop samples. The specific gravity vary from 2.72 to 2.92. Average Specific
Gravity is 2.84. Based on above determination, Specific Gravity considered for
resource estimation is 2.80.

4.11.0 ROCK QUALITY DETERMINATION (RQD): The rocks encountered in boreholes are
dolomite with thin bands of graphitic schist, chlorite schist and phyllite & limestone in
one or two boreholes. Dolomite is highly jointed, fractured, crushed which has
resulted in poor core recovery of around 30-60%. Phenomenon of solution cavity in
dolomite is common as revealed by borehole data, rock quality determination on drill
core samples could not be done on account of poor core recovery.

4.12.0 Resource Estimation

4.12.1 In prospect area Resources estimation was done by cross section method only.
Dolomite ore zones have been demarcated based on cut-off grade of Steel
industries SiO2 4%(Max), CaO 25%(Min) and MgO 18%(Min). A total of 935.46
million tonnes of Gross insitu 561.26 million tonnes of net insitu) of dolomite
resources have been estimated with grade SiO2 1.37%, CaO 30.50% and MgO
20.95%.
Out of this 253.19 m.t. estimated with grade SiO2 1.85%, CaO 30.22% and MgO
20.65% are Indicated resource category (332 of UNFC) and 682.26 m.t. with grade
SiO2 1.19%, CaO 30.50% and MgO 21.06% under Inferred resource category (333 of
UNFC). As per the norms laid by expert committee for sale of MECL reports, this
report comes under ‘C’ category.
24
4.13.0 Infrastructure

4.12.1 The Rupa dolomite prospect is located in the remotest border area of the country in
Arunachal Pradesh and as such infrastructure is very poorly developed. Area can
be approached from Assam Plains through the following roads:
1. Bhalukpong-Bomdila road – 100 km.
2. Tenga Foot hills – 96 km.
3. Bhairakund – Kalaktang – Rupa – 130 km.

25
 CHAPTER - V
DOLOMITE RESOURCES AND GRADE

5.1.0 General

5.1.1 Resources of dolomite in Rupa prospect have been estimated on the basis of data
collected by surface geological mapping, exploratory drilling, sampling and chemical
analysis of samples at MECL laboratory, Nagpur. One GSI borehole RD-1 was
located in the prospect area, hence data of this was considered for resource
estimation.

5.2.0 Limits of Prospect Area

5.2.1 MECL has drilled six numbers of boreholes in five section lines namely S-1 to S-5.
Strike interval among section lines are not at regular interval and vary from 350m to
1300m.

5.2.2 Block limits have been demarcated by joining extended points (200m) from boreholes
and survey stations. Boundary of prospect area is very irregular in shape (Plate-III).

5.3.0 Ore Zones

5.3.1 Core Recovery: In general the core recovery in boreholes vary from 30% -60% due
to highly fractured and jointed, dolomite strata and surrounding country rocks. Grade
of recovered portion has been extrapolated over the non-recovered section.

5.3.2 Cut-off Grade: The following cut off grade has been considered for ore zone
delineated as per the specification of steel industries.
1. SiO2 - 4% (Max)
2. CaO -25% (Min)
3. MgO -18% (Min)
5.3.3 Minimum thickness of 5.0m has been considered for delineating dolomite zones.
5.3.4 Dolomite in Rupa prospect area has a huge thickness as reported by GSI, hence the
non ore bands intersected in boreholes occur within dolomite. Ore zones have been
correlated (where ever two boreholes drilled on section line) based on their spatial
distribution and dip of formation. Dolomite is exposed over block area of 3.20 [Link].
mostly.

5.3.5 Thickness of Dolomite zones delineated shows presence of non-ore bands.

26
5.3.6 Vertical Cut off Ratio: Bore hole wise vertical cutoff ratio have been calculated for dolomite
thickness intersected in all the boreholes drilled by MECL. The vertical cutoff ratio have been
calculated by dividing the total thickness of dolomite intersected in the boreholes by the total
depth of bottom most dolomite band intersected in the respective borehole. The bore hole
wise vertical cutoff ratio is ranging from 0.73 to 1.00 and is given below in the table:
Borehole Bottom of last band of dolomite Total thickness of Vertical Cut off
N0. Intersected in Borehole (m) dolomite Band (m) ratio
1-MRD-1 105.00 99.00 0.94
2- MRD -2 79.00 66.00 0.84
3- MRD -3 71.00 56.00 0.79
4- MRD -4 102.00 74.00 0.73
5- MRD -5 101.00 88.00 0.87
6- MRD -6 106.00 106.00 1.00
7 RD-1 (GSI
204.15 201.15 0.99
Borehole)
Total 768.15 690.15 0.90

5.4.0 Computation Ore resources

5.4.1 Ore resources have been computed by cross section method only.

5.4.2 On each cross section from borehole points on either side at 100m apart, vertical lines
have been drawn to delineate cross sectional area upto 120m depth from surface or
30m below bottom of borehole, assuming dolomite continue beyond explored depth, for
Indicated category of resources. Cross sectional area beyond 100m line from borehole
upto block boundary at both end and upto 120m depth computed for Inferred category
resources (Plate No. IV). Cross sectional areas have been measured by Autocad
Software.

5.4.3 The effective strike influence has been taken as half the distance between two
adjoining sections. As the boundary of block is irregular in shape, hence in order to
measure effective strike length, whole surface area of block has been divided into
number of sectors (Text Fig.2). Each sector area was measured for different category
reserves. This area was divided by the part length of section line falling within
particular sector to arrive at effective strike length. Details are furnished in the following
Table 5.1.

27
 Table 5.1 Computation of Effective Strike length Influence

Section Sector Surface Area Part of section Effective Strike Bore- Category of
line No. No. (Sq. m.) length (m) Influence (m) hole No. Resource
1 2 3 4 5=(3÷4) 6 7
S-1 1A 3728.25 Inferred
95 142.29 RD-1
1F 9789.26 (333)
13517.51
1B 30057.54 Indicated
200 658.91 RD-1
1G 83725.38 (332)
113782.82
1C 37454.65 Inferred
140 901.66 RD-1
1H 88777.42 (333)
126232.07
1D 42674.70 Indicated
200 864.10 MRD-6
1I 130145.96 (332)
172820.66
1E 24786.12 Inferred
300 571.01 MRD-6
1J 146517.29 (333)
171303.41
1 2 3 4 5=(3÷4) 6 7
S-2 2A 282505.23 Inferred
290 1307.49 MRD-5
2D 96669.23 (333)
379174.46
2B 111277.45 Indicated
200 926.17 MRD-5
2E 73958.24 (332)
185235.69
2C 72447.03 Inferred
300 651.12 MRD-5
2F 122888.64 (333)
195335.67
S-3 3A 120458.57 Inferred
293 681.42 MRD-4
3E 79197.31 (333)
199655.88
3B 74384.78
Indicated
3F 49485.42 200 625.76 MRD-4
(332)
3J 1282.43
125152.63
3C 99913.74
3D 15745.40 Inferred
300 255.33 MRD-4
3G 9212.95 (333)
3H 41726.04
3I 146619.71 Not Considered
S-4 4A 38780.41
290 277.50 MRD-1 Inferred (333)
4H 41695.69
80476.10
4B 45607.57
200 406.77 MRD-1 Indicated
4I 35746.39
81353.96
4C 136657.19
496 453.61 MRD-1 Inferred (333)
4J 88336.08
224993.27
28
 4D 135839.23
496 453.53 MRD-3 Inferred (333)
4K 89113.47
224952.70
4E 54945.91
200 441.39 MRD-3 Indicated
4L 33333.32
88279.23
4F 46844.34
4G 42085.58 300 302.31 MRD-3 Inferred (333)
4M 1765.06
90695.58
S-5 5A 63775.45 296 334.96 MRD-2 Inferred (333)
5D 35372.25
99147.70
5B 35644.24 200 359.68 MRD-2 Indicated (332)
5E 36292.41
71936.65
5C 160298.73 794 302.88 MRD-2 Inferred (333)
80185.43
240484.16

5.4.4 Average Specific Gravity has been estimated 2.84 on determination of Specific Gravity
on 19 nos. of samples. However, for estimation of resources Sp. Gr. considered is
2.80.

5.4.5 On account of poor core recovery and slope corrections 40% loss factor has been
considered from gross in-situ resources.

5.4.6 The gross in-situ resources have been estimated by using the following formula.
R = Ar x S.I. x Sp. Gr.
Ar = Cross Section area in Square metre
S.I. = Strike Influence on plan in metre
Sp. Gr. = Specific Gravity
5.5.0 Category of Resources

5.5.1 Resources have been classified into Indicated (332) and Inferred (333) categories as
per UNFC system. The limits of ore resources estimation and classification are shown
in Text Fig.2 and geological cross sections Plate No.-IV.

5.6.0 Resources and Grades

5.6.1 The resources have been computed by cross section method. A total of 935.46 million
tonnes of gross in-situ (561.26 million tonnes of net insitu) dolomite resources with
grade SiO2 1.37%, CaO 30.50%, MgO 20.95% were estimated. Out of this, 253.19
million tonnes with grade SiO2 1.85%, CaO 30.22%, MgO 20.65% are under Indicated

29
 category (332 of UNFC) and 682.26 million tonnes with grade SiO 2 1.19%, CaO
30.61%, MgO 21.06% are under Inferred (333) category as per UNFC system.

5.7.0 Summary of Ore Resources

The section wise, borehole wise, Indicated & Inferred Category resources are
furnished in Table No. 5. 32 A and 5.3 B and Section wise & borehole wise Indicated
& Inferred Category resources with grade are furnished in Table 5.3 C

TABLE-5.3A –SECTION WISE, BOREHOLE WISE, INDICATED (332) CATEGORY

DOLOMITE RESOURCES OF RUPA DOLOMITE PROSPECT,
DISTT.- WEST KAMENG ARUNACHAL PRADESH
(Average Specific Gravity 2.80)
Borehole Gross Insitu Net Insitu GRADE%
Section
Resources Resources
Line No.
No.
SiO2 CaO MgO
(Tonnes) (Tonnes)
RD-1 43540621.15 26124373 3.76 27.42 20.16
S-1 MRD-6 62868663.53 37721198 1.11 31.69 20.07
Total 106409284.68 63845571 2.19 29.94 20.11
MRD-5 59220180.40 35532108 0.50 30.82 21.20
S-2 Total 59220180.40 35532108 0.50 30.82 21.20
MRD-4 21626813.76 12976088 4.00 29.26 20.33
S-3 Total 21626813.76 12976088 4.00 29.26 20.33
MRD-1 32949188.42 19769513 2.44 30.11 21.02
S-4 MRD-3 11712511.40 70275068 0.75 30.77 21.18
Total 44661699.82 26797020 2.00 30.29 21.06
MRD-2 21279674.46 12767805 1.37 30.79 21.83
S-5 Total 21279674.46 12767805 1.37 30.79 21.83
Grand Total 253197653.12 151918592 1.85 30.22 20.65

30
 TABLE 5.3B --SECTION WISE, BOREHOLE WISE, INFERRED (333) CATEGORY
DOLOMITE RESOURCES OF RUPA DOLOMITE PROSPECT,
DISTT.-WEST KAMENG, ARUNACHAL PRADESH
(Average Specific Gravity 2.80)
Section Borehole Gross Insitu Net Insitu GRADE%
Line No. No. Resources (Tonnes) Resources (Tonnes) SiO2 CaO MgO
RD-1 32948784.05 19769270 3.76 27.42 20.16
S-1
MRD-6 51004244.01 30602546 1.11 31.69 20.07
Total 83953028.06 50371819 2.15 30.01 20.11
MRD-5 229405548.12 137643329 0.57 30.86 21.33
S-2 Total 229405548.12 137643329 0.57 30.86 21.33
MRD-4 97401991.30 58441195 1.32 30.43 20.84
S-3 Total 97401991.30 58441195 1.32 30.43 20.84
MRD-1 125991491.71 755948950 1.79 30.36 21.19
S-4 MRD-3 62940493.48 37764296 1.19 30.49 20.96
Total 188931984.19 113359191 1.59 30.49 21.11
MRD-2 82573338.34 49544003 0.89 30.98 21.46
S-5 Total 82573338.34 49544003 0.89 30.98 21.46
Grand Total 682265890 409359534 1.19 30.61 21.06

TABLE 5.3C-- SECTION WISE, BOREHOLE WISE, INDICATED (332) + INFERRED (333)
CATEGORY DOLOMITE RESOURCES OF RUPA DOLOMITE PROSPECT, DISTT.-WEST
KAMENG, ARUNACHAL PRADESH

Sec- Bore- INDICATED (332) INFERRED (333) TOTAL RESOURCES

tion hole Gross Net Insitu Gross Net Insitu Gross Net Insitu GRADE%
Line No. Insitu Resources Insitu Resources Insitu Resources
No. Resources (Tonnes) Resources (Tonnes) Resources (Tonnes) SiO2 CaO MgO
(Tonnes) (Tonnes) (Tonnes)
RD-1 43540621. 26124373 32948784 19769270 76489405 45893643 3.76 27.42 20.16
S-1 MRD-6 62868664. 37721198 51004244 30602546 113872908 68323744 1.11 31.69 20.07
Total 106409285 63845571 83953028 50371819 190362313 114217390 2.17 29.97 20.11
MRD-5 59220180 35532108 229405548 137643329 288625728 173175437 0.56 30.85 21.30
S-2 Total 59220180 35532108 229405548 137643329 288625728 173175437 0.56 30.85 21.30
MRD-4 21626814 12976088 97401991. 58441195 119028805 71417283 1.81 30.22 20.75
S-3 Total 21626814 12976088 97401991 58441195 119028805 71417283 1.81 30.22 20.75
MRD-1 32949188 19769513 125991492. 755948950 158940680 775718463 1.92 30.31 21.15
S-4
MRD-3 11712511 70275068 62940493 37764296 74653004 108039364 1.12 30.53 20.99
Total 44661700 26797020 188931985 113359191 233593685 140156211 1.67 30.45 21.10
MRD-2 21279674. 12767805 82573338 49544003 103853012 62311808 0.99 30.94 21.54
S-5 Total 21279674. 12767805 82573338 49544003 103853012 62311808 0.99 30.94 21.43
Grand
Total
253197653 151918592 682265890 409359534 935463543 561278126 1.37 30.50 20.95

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5.8.0 Strip ratio
Strip ratio has been calculated for the dolomite zones vs overburden (the total volume
of overburden is estimated by multiplying Strike Influence X area of Overburden). The
strip ratio/ stripping ratio is calculated by dividing total volume of overburden by the
total volume of resources in the respective section line & boreholes for bore hole wise
resources estimated along section line N0. S-1 to S-7 as the intersection of
overburden thickness was observed along these section lines. The intersection of
overburden along section lines S-1 to S-5 is very poor hence not considered for
calculation of strip ratio. The strip ratio for Indicated & Inferred resources only has
been calculated as for inferred category of resources it was almost nil. The stripping
ratio for indicated resources is given in Table below:

Cross Strike Dolomite

Section Bore hole OB Volume Stripping
Sectional influence Volume
line No. No. ( Cu.m. ) Ratio
Area (m) factor (m) (Cu.m.))
S-1 RD-1 491.45 568.91 279590.71 15550221.83 0.02

S-2 MRD-5 92.1160 926.17 85315.08 9274684.90 0.01

S-3 MRD-4 61.0917 625.76 38228.74 2836620.14 0.01

S-4 MRD-1 119.4106 406.77 48572.65 5111174.87 0.01

MRD-3 73.0272 441.39 32233.48 2252836.90 0.01

S-5 MRD-2 153.5951 359.68 55245.09 3735075.37 0.01

Total 539185.73 38760614.01 0.01

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 CHAPTER - VI

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

6.1.0 Conclusion

6.1.1 1. MECL has drilled six vertical boreholes covering 3.20 [Link]. area. Mostly single
borehole was drilled on each section.
2. Boreholes were not drilled on a regular grid pattern of 500 x 500m as proposed,
due to inaccessibly of location. Boreholes were shifted & drilled at the nearest
approachable points.
3. Only one available GSI borehole RD-1, within prospect area, was considered for
resource estimation.
4. A total of 935.46 million tonnes gross in-situ and 561.26 million tonnes of net
(insitu) dolomite resources with grade SiO2 1.37% CaO 30.50 % and MgO
20.95% have been estimated. These resources have been kept at Indicated (332)
& Inferred (333) of UNFC and under „C‟ categories.

6.2.0 Recommendations

2. Systematic detailed geological mapping is recommended on 1:2000 scale in

the central portion of exploration block which covers the area between section
line S-2 to S-4, so that all the geological features like different lithological
contacts, attitude of formations, minor fold, faults, joints, etc. can be recorded
precisely on map.
2. Resources estimated in the prospected area require systematic exploration by
drilling in regular grid pattern of 200 x 300m grid. For this purpose an
accessible area of 1.0 [Link]. may be selected to bring resources under 331
of UNFC. An utmost care has to be taken while drilling boreholes in order to
get still better core recovery in future.
3. Deeper boreholes beyond 100m depth may be taken as most of the boreholes
drilled have been closed in dolomite.

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