Educational Documents

of Pakistan: A Brief History

SUPERVISED BY: DR. MIR ALAM
PRESENTED BY: RAFI ULLAH

Humanitarian
 Home Work 2

• Material Provision,
Proof Reading,
Advisory,
• Idea, Themes,
Rafi Ullah Animation, Designing,
Technical Assistance,
Report Compilation
Today’s Lesson Learnt 3

“If you think you can

you can,
if you think you can’t,
you can’t.”
 Contents 4

1 • All Pakistan Education Conference, 1947

2 • Commission on National Education, 1959
3 • New Education Policy, 1970
4 • National Education Policy, 1972
5 • National Education Policy, 1978
6 • National Education Policy, 1992
7 • National Education Policy, 1998
8 • National Education Policy, 2009
First Education Conference 1947 5
 Duration: 27 Nov-01 Dec, 1947
 Location: Karachi
 Chaired by: Mr. Fazl-ur-Rehman
(Minister of Interior, Information,
Broadcasting and Education)
 Quaid’s Message 6

 A system of education inspired by the Culture

 Ideological Aspirations of the people
 Regard to the Modern Conditions around the world
 Dimensions of Education 7

DIMENSIONS
OF
EDUCATION

SPIRITUAL SOCIAL VOCATIONAL

Proposed Committees by Conference 8

The Primary and

Primary and Secondary Education
Scientific
Secondary Committee “considered it
Research
Education Committee essential that a national
Committee system of education should
Adult Technical be based on the strong
University
Education Education foundations of free and
Education
Committee Committee compulsory primary
Committee
education.”
Women’s Cultural Separate pre-primary and
Education Relations primary education stages
Committee Committee for children of ages 3 to 6
and 6 to 11.
 Discussion of Conference 9

 Integration of moral, social and  Technical and Vocational Education

vocational elements in system  Education for Women
of education
 Establishment of Advisory Board of
 Compulsory Primary Education Education
 Compulsory Physical Education  Establishment of Inter-Universal Board
 Compulsory Military Training in  Promotion of Scientific Research
Colleges  Establishment of Overseas Scholarship
 Training of Citizenship Schemes
 The problem of Medium of Instruction
 The Problem of Literacy
Recommendations 10

Education should be teamed with Islamic

values

Free and Compulsory Education in

Pakistan

Emphasis on Science and

Technical Education
Commission on National Education 1959 11

 Inaugurated & Addressed: President Mohammad Ayub Khan-Jan 05, 1959.

 Sharif Commission, attached with the Secretary of Education, Syed Mohammad
Sharif ([Link])
 Report: Comprehensive report to the government after one year in 1960
 Features of Recommendations 12

1. Character Building

2. Compulsory Primary Education: Duration, Objectives, Schools

3. Separate Administration for East & West Pakistan

4. Secondary Education: Duration, Curriculum, Teacher Training

5. Focus on Science and Technical education

6. National Language as Medium of Instruction.

7. Three-year Degree Program

8. Higher Education: Rule Regulations, Admission, Exams etc. 13

9. Community Participation for building, furniture, Libraries, Playground

in Primary Schools

10. Examination system should be combination of internal

(25%) and external (75%) evaluation-Marks

11. Religious education should be introduced in three stage i.e.

Stage 1: Compulsory at Middles Level

Stage 2: Optional at Secondary Level

Stage 3: Research at University Level

 New Education Policy 1970 14

 Announcement by the
Emphasis on Ideological Orientation
President in his address to
the Nation on November Emphasis on Science and Technology
28, 1969 for new policy education
formulation Decentralization of educational administratio
 New Education Policy was Eradication of illiteracy
finally adopted by the
Formation of National Education Units
Cabinet on March 26, 1970.
Noor Khan Report
 National Education Policy 1972 15

 President of Pakistan Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, in his address to the

nation on 15th March, 1972 presents the Policy

Promotion of Ideology of Pakistan

Universal Education
First Phase: From 1st Oct, 1972 education up to class VIII -free for boys
and girls in all types of schools.
Second Phase: Starting from 1st Oct, 1979, free education would be
provided to class IX and X in all schools.
 • 38000 Rooms for PS & 23000 Rooms for MS
• Prioritization of rural and backward area 16
Elementary
Education • Free Text books and writing materials to PS

• Enrollment: Present 10% to 20% by the end of 1980 in both levels

• 1/3 enrollment in Three main streams Arts, Science and Technical/Vocational
Secondary & subjects
Intermediate

• New Universities
• University Grant Commission • Pakistan Study Center
• University Ordinance • People’s Open University
Higher • Book Bank/National Book Foundation
Education • Centers of Excellence

• 1st Sep, 1972 , Private Colleges & 1st Oct, 1974 all Private Schools will be
Nationalized.
Nationali- • Teachers private institutes would be given Salary and Packages equivalent to
zation public institutes
Activity # 1

Education conference 1947 was held in ?

 Ans: Karachi

Under National Commission 1959, compulsory education was

recommended up to class ?
 Ans: 10

All private institutions were nationalized on which educational policy?

 Ans: NEP-1972
National Education Policy-1978 18

Policy Presented by: Education Conference

Mohammad Ali Hoti in 1977, to Provide foundation
(Min. of Edu.) to NEP
Aims of Policy 19
 Features of Policy

SECONDARY EDUCATION
PRIMARY EDUCATION 1. THREE tier of elementary,
TECHNICAL & VOCATIONAL
1. Universal Enrollment secondary and university
EDUCATION
60% literacy by 1982-83 and 2. Science labs, Teaching/ Aids
1. Market oriented Curriculum
100% thereafter & hostels
2. Short-Term Courses in
2. 17000 new PS 3. Second shift to increase
Evening
3. 5000 Masjid Schools Enrollment
4. Urdu-Medium of Instruction
 Features of Policy

TEACHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION

1. Strong committed to 1. College Education: Up- SCIENCE EDUCATION
Ideology of Pakistan gradation, Guidance &
Counseling, Equipment 1. Special Coverage to SE in
2. One in-service training Policy for first time
during every five years 2. University Education:
Strengthening of UCG, 2. National Center for Science
3. AEPM establishment Education Estb.
National Institute of
4. Strengthening of provincial Educational Research 3. Strengthening of National
Education Extension Centers establishment, Funding from Educational Equipment Center
and AIOU for CT, PTC, Bed, Federal Govt., National
Education Council for Edu.
Problems identification
 National Education Policy 1992 22
 Prime Minister’s Directive on 10th Feb, 1991 for New NEP
 A National Conference was held at Islamabad in April, 1991
under the chairmanship of the Federal Education Minister
 The policy framework was discussed by the Education
Minister with the Education Committees of the Senate and the
National Assembly.
 The Policy was announced in 20th December 1992
 Policy Thrust 23

Restructure the continuing To improve the quality of

education system on modern lines education and intensify research
in accordance with principles of
Islam so as to create a healthy, activities in the universities,
forward looking and democratic especially in the modern fields
society. of science and technology
 Features of the Policy 24

PRIMARY EDUCATION
1. Training of 26500 PS teachers 2.107000 new Primary and Mosque schools
opening [Link] new room for 20,000 existing one room schools 4. 24750
shelter-less PS would be provided with two rooms 5. “Primary Directorates” at
Federal and Provincial levels

HIGHER & SCIENCE EDUCATION

1. More funds to universities for research, 2. National Council of Academic Award ,
3. Linkage between Universities & Industrial Parks,
4. Colleges of Distance Education at Provincial Level,

ADMINISTRATION & MANAGEMENT

1. Strengthening of AEPM, 2. Constitution of SMCs, 3. Increase of Directorate of
Technical Education, 4. PAEPM, 5. Additional powers to DEOs, 6. Establishment of
Directorate of Colleges
 National Education Policy 1998 25

 The Prime Minister advised the Ministry of Education to design a

New Education Policy in January 1998.
 The first revised draft was submitted to the Cabinet on 18
February, 1998.
 The Policy was announced in March 1998.
 Policy Objectives 26

 Universal Literacy (ensure that by 2015, children everywhere, boys and

girls alike will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling)
 Quality education (economically productive, develop sustainable
livelihoods, contribute to peaceful and democratic societies and enhance
individual well-being)
 Encouraging Private Investment in education
 Making Education purposeful and Job Oriented
 Ensuring the quality of higher education
 Reforming the Examination System
 Evolving and effective Decentralized Management System
 Making Curriculum a continuous process
 Achieving universal primary education by using Formal And Non-formal
approaches
 Developing Technical And Vocational education in the country
 Policy Features 27

• Issues &
Elementary Education

• Model Secondary • Access to HE

Challenges Schools at • New disciplines of
• Quality of Edu.

Secondary Education

Higher Education
District Level emerging science
• Character • Curriculum • Upgrading Labs &
building on Islam Revision Libraries
• Decentralization • Project Method in • [Link] & Ph.D in
& Accountability Teaching more Univ.
• Teacher’s • Education Service • Linkages with
competence Commission Foreign Univ.
• Multiple text • Teachers Service
books Training Academy
• Revised Salary
Structure
 National Education Policy 2009 28

 Review Process for the

National Education Policy
1998-2010 initiated in 2005
 First Document was finalized
in March 2007

REASONS OF NEW POLICY

Old Policy was not producing International challenges like
the desired educational results Millennium Development Goals
and the performance remained (MDGs), Dakar Framework of
poor in several key aspects Action Education for All (EFA)
including access, quality and Goals and the challenges
equity of educational triggered by globalization and
opportunities nation’s requirements for
becoming a knowledge society.
 Aim of Policy 29

“Our education system must provide quality

education to our children and youth to enable
them to realize their individual potential and
contribute to development of society and nation,
creating a sense of Pakistani nationhood, the
concepts of tolerance, social justice, democracy,
their regional and local culture and history based
on the basic ideology enunciated in the
Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.”
 Policy Features 30

• Uniformity in Education
1

• Globalization: Global demands, Sustainability,

2

• Social Cohesion
3

• Bridging Public Private Gap

4

• Overcoming Structural Division

5
• Management and Planning Capacity: National Standards and Certification Agency
6 for Education Management and Information System (EMIS)
 Policy Features 31

• Islamic Education
7

• Early Childhood Education

8
• Elementary Education: bring all children from 6 to 10 years in elementary
9 schools by 2015

• Secondary and Higher Education

10

• Literacy and Formal Education: 85% Literacy by 2015

11

• Emergency Education
12
 32

• Improving Quality of Education: Curriculum

Revision, Textbook improvement
13

• Improving Teacher Quality: Pre-service training

and standardization of qualifications,
• Bachelor’s degree, with a [Link]. for teaching at the elementary level.
14 • A Masters level for the secondary and higher secondary with a [Link].
shall be ensured by 2018
Activity # 2 33

1) Every policy of education is based on ?

a) Ideology of nation b) Social Development
c) Intellectual Development d) Skill Development
Ans: a) Ideology of Nation
2) The existing Education Policy was announced in ____.
a) 2009 b) 2010 c) 2011 d) 2012
Ans: a) 2009
3) National Education Policy 1992 does not implemented due to _.
a)Lack of Financial Resources b) Lack of Planning
c) Political Crisis d) Administrative Problem
Ans: c) Political Crisis
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