Scribd
Upload
82 views3 pages

Environmental Microbiology Review Answers

This document summarizes the answers to study questions from a microbiology textbook chapter on environmental microbiology. It defines different types of extremophiles and discusses the roles of various microorganisms in nutrient cycles, waste treatment, water purification, and environmental monitoring. Microbes mentioned include cyanobacteria, rhizobia, frankia, nitrosomonas, and nitrobacter. Processes like activated sludge, trickling filters, and leach fields are explained in the treatment of sewage and water.

Uploaded by

Michael Jeevagan
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
82 views3 pages

Environmental Microbiology Review Answers

This document summarizes the answers to study questions from a microbiology textbook chapter on environmental microbiology. It defines different types of extremophiles and discusses the roles of various microorganisms in nutrient cycles, waste treatment, water purification, and environmental monitoring. Microbes mentioned include cyanobacteria, rhizobia, frankia, nitrosomonas, and nitrobacter. Processes like activated sludge, trickling filters, and leach fields are explained in the treatment of sewage and water.

Uploaded by

Michael Jeevagan
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Chapter 27: Environmental Microbiology

Below you will find answers to the "Review" study questions


found at the end of this chapter in Microbiology: An
Introduction, 7th edition.

1. Extremophiles include thermophiles such as Thermus


aquaticus, acidophiles such as Thiobacillus,
halophiles such as Halobacterium, and endoliths.
2. The koala should have an organ housing a large
population of cellulose-degrading microorganisms.
3. Penicillium might make penicillin to reduce
competition from faster-growing bacteria.
4.

1--Any chemoheterotroph using aerobic respiration


2--Any aerobic autotroph
3--Any anaerobic autotroph
4--Any chemoheterotroph producing CO2 via
fermentation.
5. Amino acids; SO42-; plants and bacteria; H2S;
carbohydrates; S0.
6. Phosphorus must be available for all organisms.
7.
Process Reactions Microorganisms
Ammonification -NH2--->NH3 Proteolytic bacteria
Nitrification NH3 --->NO2- Nitrosomonas
NO2--->NO3- Nitrobacter
Denitrification NO3--->N2 Bacillus
N fixation N2---->NH3 Rhizobium
8.
9. Cyanobacteria: With fungi, cyanobacteria act as the
photoautotrophic partner in a lichen; they may also fix
nitrogen in the lichen. With Azolla, they fix nitrogen.
Mycorrhizae: Fungi that grow in and on the roots of
higher plants; increase absorption of nutrients.
Rhizobium: In root nodules of legumes; fix nitrogen.
Frankia: In root nodules of alders, roses, and other
plants; fix nitrogen.
10. Settling
Flocculation treatment
Sand filtration (or activated charcoal filtration)
Chlorination

The amount of treatment prior to chlorination depends


on the amount of inorganic and organic matter in the
water.

11. A coliform count is used to determine the bacteriologic


quality of water; that is, the presence of human
pathogens or evidence of fecal contamination.
12.
b Leaching field
a Removal of solids
b Biological degradation
b Activated sludge
c Chemical precipitation of phosphorus
b Trickling filter
c Results in drinking water
13.
14. Activated sludge is an aerobic process that can result
in complete oxidation of organic matter.
15. Both require large areas of land and can result in the
pollution of surface or groundwater if they are
overloaded.
16.
BOD Rate of Dissolved
Eutrophication Oxygen
Untreated 3+ 3+ +
Primary 2+ 2+ 2+
Secondary + + 3+
17. Accumulation of BOD and loss of dissolved oxygen
would be much less in a fast-moving river. Continual
aeration caused by the river's movement would result
in rapid oxidation of organic matter.

18. Biodegradation of sewage, herbicides, oil, or PCBs.


Below you will find answers
to the "Multiple-Choice"
study questions found at the
end of this chapter in
Microbiology: An
Introduction, 7th edition.

1. a
2. b
3. b
4. b
5. c
6. c
7. b
8. b
9. e
10. c

Note: The answers to the


Critical Thinking and Clinical
Applications questions are
available to instructors only,
and are found in the
Instructor's Manual.

You might also like