Engine Test Sample Question & Answer
Question
1) 4-cylinder, 4-stroke engine has a specification a following;
Bore : 65 mm
Stroke : 95 mm
Clearance volume ; 63 cm3
Engine output torque : 64 Nm @3000rpm
Brake thermal efficiency ηbth = 26%
Heating value of fuel CV = 42000kJ/kg
Find
(a) Compression ratio (CR)
(b) Brake Power (Pb), kW
(c) Brake mean effective pressure (bmep), kPa
(d) Fuel consumption rate (mf), kg/hr
2) 6-cyinder, 4-stroke engine having following specification is under operation with engine output of
300 kW @2400rpm
Compression ratio(CR) =6
l/d = 1.25
Mechanical efficiency ηm = 80%
Indicated thermal efficiency ηith = 25%
Indicated mean effective pressure(imep) = 1000 kPa
Calorific value of fuel = 44 MJ/kg
Find
(a) Indicated power (Pi), kW
(b) Bore(d) and stroke(l) of engine, mm
(c) Fuel consumption rate (mf), kg/hr
(d) Brake specific fuel consumption (bsfc), kg/kW-hr
3) A car with following specification run the distance of 4 km at average speed of 60 km/hr and during
this travels consumed 0.3225 kg of fuel.
4cylinder, 4 cycle engine
bore(d) = 80mm and stroke(l) = 100mm
Rear axle gear reduction ratio = 5:1
Indicated mean effective pressure (imep) = 5.5 bar
Wheel size (D) = 650 mm
Calorific value of fuel =43500 kJ/kg
Find
(a) Indicated power (Pi), kW
(b) Indicated thermal efficiency (ηith)
4) Define bsfc(brake specific fuel consumption) and explain its meaning.
ANSWER
1)
(a) CR = 6
(b) Pb = 20.1 kW
(c) bmep = 638 kPa
(d) mf = 6.63 kg/hr
2)
(a) Pi = 375 kW
(b) d = 147 mm, l = 184 mm
(c) mf = 122.72 kg/hr
(d) bsfc = 0.41 kg/kW-hr
3)
(a) Pi = 22.55 kW
(b) ηith = 38.79%
4) bsfc(brake specific fuel consumption)
Definition : the mass of fuel required to be supplied to an engine to develop unit kW power per hour
mf
bsfc = (kg⁄kW. hr)
Pb
mf ∶ mass of fuel supplied, kg⁄hr
Pb ∶ Brake Power, kW
Meaning : bsfc allows the fuel efficiency of different engines to be directly compared
1)
πd2 π x 0.0652
(a) Vs = x l= x 0.095 = 0.000315 (m3 ) = 315(cm3 )
4 4
Vs+Vc 315+63
CR = = =6
Vc 63
Te(Nm)x 2πN(rpm) 64 x 2π x3000π
(b) Pb(kW) = = = 20.1(kW)
60 x 1000 60 x 1000
bmep x Vs x n x N
(c) Pb =
60 x z
Nm
Pb x 60 x z 20096 ( ) x 60 x 2 N
bmep = = s = 637968 ( 2 ) = 638(kPa)
Vs x n x N 3 )
0.000315(m x 4 x 3000 m
Pb
(d) ηbth =
mf x CV
Pb 20.1(kW) kg kg
mf = = = o. oo1841( ) = 6.63( )
ηbth x CV kJ s hr
0.26 x 42000 ( )
kg
2)
Pb Pb 300(kW)
(a) ηm = Pi = = = 375(kW)
Pi ηm 0.8
imep x Vs x n x N
(b) Pi =
60 x z
Pi x 60 x z 375000 x60 x 2
Vs = = = 0.003125(m3 )
imep x n x N 106 x 6 x2400
πd2 πd2 1.25πd3
Vs = x l= x 1.25 d =
4 4 4
3 4 x Vs 3 4 x 0.003125
d= √ = √ = 0.1471(m) = 147(mm)
1.25π 1.25π
l = 1.25 x d = 1.25 x 147 = 184(mm)
Pi
(c) ηith =
mf x CV
Pi 375000 kg kg
mf = = 6
= 0.0341 ( ) = 122.72( )
ηith x CV 0.25 x 44 x 10 s hr
mf 122.72 kg
(d) bsfc = = = 0.41( )
Pb 300 [Link]
3)
km 60 x 1000 m
(a) v = 60 ( )= = 1000 ( )
hr 60 min
πD x Nw(rpm) = v, Nw : rpm of wheel, D : diameter of wheel
v 1000
Nw = = = 490(rpm)
πD π x 0.65(m)
Reduction Ratio at rear axle = 5: 1
Engine rpm N = Nw x 5 = 490 x 5 = 2450 rpm
πd2 π x 0.082
Swept volume Vs = x l= x 0.1 (m3 ) = 0.000502(m3 )
4 4
imep x Vs x n x N 5.5 x 105 x 0.000502 x 4 x 2450
Pi = = = 22548(W) = 22.55(kW)
60 x z 60 x 2
Pi
(b) ηith =
mf x CV
FC(Fuel Consumption)for 4 km travel ∶ 0.3225 kg
km
60 ( ) x t(time in hr) = 4(km)
hr
4(km)
t= = 0.067(hr)
km
60( )
hr
FC 0.3225(kg) kg 4.81 kg kg
mf = = = 4.81 ( ) = ( ) = 0.001337( )
T 0.067(hr) hr 3600 sec sec
Pi 22.55
ηith = = = 0.3879
mf x CV 0.001337 x 43500
ηith = 38.79%