Design and Implementation of Multi Carrier Code
Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) transceiver on
DSP kit
Problem Statement:
To operate future generation multimedia communications systems high
data rate transmission needs to be guaranteed with a high quality of service.
Background:
Multi Carrier modulation schemes have drawn a lot of attention in
the field of radio communications. This is mainly because of the need to
transmit high data rate in a mobile environment which makes a highly hostile
radio channel. To combat the problem MC-CDMA seems to be the solution.
Multiple access schemes based on the combination of CDMA and
OFDM were first proposed in 1993. The combination of the two schemes can
be done in a number of ways. Theses schemes were developed by different
researches namely MC-CDMA, MC-DS-CDMA and MT-CDMA (Multitone-
CDMA).
The evolution from 2G to 3G represents a change in many ways, e.g.
new technology, demand for various multimedia services and support for
several Quality of Service (QoS) applications in a single radio interface.
Especially in the downlink, high throughput is needed since the number of
downloads from web sites and servers has increased. The provision of such
high bit rates requires the development of new technologies. One of the most
promising candidate techniques for achieving high data rate transmission in a
mobile environment is MULTI CARRIER CDMA (MC-CDMA). It can be
implemented using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) without increasing the
transmitter and receiver complexities, and having the attractive feature of high
spectral efficiency due to minimal dense spacing of orthogonal sub carriers.
Research at several universities and R&D laboratories has already pointed to
MC-CDMA as a potential technique for the broadband component of future
cellular systems. However, to provide a comprehensive picture for the
standardization of future broadband mobile systems, considerable work is still
required, particularly with respect to the integration of several processing
techniques like multiple access, coding, equalization and resource allocation.
Methodology:
Project plan:
[Link] Name Tasks
1 [Link]
2 [Link]
3 Tahir Iqbal
4 [Link]
Timings:
:Advantages of MC-CDMA
As MC-CDMA is the combination of CDMA and OFDM, it exhibits some
advantages as well as some disadvantages. The advantages of MC-
CDMA can be summarized as follows
• MC-CDMA signals will propagate through multi path channels
with little distortion under appropriate condition.
• The spectral leakage into adjacent frequency bands is small.
Because the edges of the signal in frequency domain are formed by
narrowband sinc functions, so the drop-off at the edge of MC-CDMA
signal spectrum is very sharp.
• The symbol duration is much larger than the delay spread.
Therefore an MC-CDMA signal is not susceptible to delay spread and
inter symbol interference (ISI) like other schemes.
• The spreading factor can be chosen in such a manner that it is
unlikely for all of sub carriers to be located in the deep fade and
consequently achieve frequency diversity. The frequency diversity is
implemented by transmitting information on more than one carrier
frequency. MC-CDMA exploit frequency diversity by providing
simultaneous modulation signals with error control coding across a
large bandwidth so that if a particular frequency under fade, composite
signal will still be demodulated.
• The interference resistance property of MC-CDMA makes it very
attractive for application demanding high security.
CDMA Technology in Mobile Communication:
Through CDMA’s application in cellular telephony is relatively
new, but it is not anew technology. CDMA has been used in much
military application, such as anti jamming, ranging and secure
communication. The use of CDMA for civilian radio application is novel.
Commercial application became possible because of following
evolutionary developments.
Availability of very low cost, highly dense digital integrated
circuits, which reduce the size, weight and cost of the subscriber station
to an acceptably low level.
Realization that optimal multiple access communication requires
that all user station regulate their transmission power to the lowest that
will achieve adequate signal quality.
Appendecess: