Feasibility study

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Maryann D'cruz <maryannissabella@[Link]> Wed, Mar 20, 2019 at 9:28 PM

To: Maryann D'cruz <maryannissabella@[Link]>

Introduction
Small Scale Industries are those industrial undertakings having a fixed investment in plant
and machinery, whether held on an ownership basis or a lease basis or a hire purchase
basis and not exceeding Rs.1 crore. It has a larger contribution to the growth of an
economy. However, this investment money is varied by the Government from time to time.
Small scale unit is normally a one-man show and even in the case of a partnership the
activities are mainly carried out by the active partner and the rest are sleeping partners.
The area of operation of small units is localized, catering to the local or regional demand.
Small industries are fairly intensive with comparatively smaller capital investment than
the larger units. Therefore, these units are more suited for economics where capital is
scarce, and there is an abundant supply of labor. The Ministry of Small Scale Industries has
now merged with the Ministry of Agro and Rural Industries to form the Ministry of Micro,
Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME).

Registration of Small Scale Industries

One of the advantages of small scale industries is that they are more flexible to adapt to
changes to the new method of production, the introduction of new products, etc. Small
scale units as compared to large scale units are more change susceptible and highly
reactive and responsive to socio-economic conditions. The objective of small scale
industries is to adapt to the latest technology and to produce better quality products at
lower costs.

Even in this type of business, registration is voluntary and not compulsory. But, its
registration with the State Directorate or Commissioner of industries or DIC’s makes the
unit eligible for availing different types of Government assistance like financial assistance
from the Department of Industries, medium and long terms loans from State Financial
Corporations and other commercial banks, machinery on hire-purchase basis from the
National Small Industries Corporation, etc.

Two types of registration are done in all States.

Firstly, a provisional registration certificate is given, i.e., valid for normally five years
and after the commencement of production, a permanent certificate is given, i.e., in
perpetuity.
 Once the company is being registered as an SSI, it can avail several benefits such as
cheap Bank Finance, exemption from Sales Tax, exemption from Excise Duty, ease in
getting licenses and permissions, capital subsidy, ISO-9000 Certification
reimbursement, reduced customs duty and several other benefits provided by the
State Government.[1]

Procedures for Setting Up of a Small Scale Business

Small Scale Business provides more independence than the large scale business and
through this type of business one can fulfill their dream to become an entrepreneur. It
eliminates much of the overhead expense and extensive planning required in larger
business ventures. One can set up small-scale industries by following the simple
procedures, which are as follows:[2]

Decision Making: First of all, you need to prepare the description for the small scale
industry you want to set up. It is necessary to decide whether you wish to set up a
corporation, proprietorship or partnership. The potential entrepreneur has to analyze his
strength, weakness while deciding for entrepreneur career. This analysis helps in knowing
what type and size of business would be the most suitable.

Scanning Of Business Environment: Before setting up your industry, it is always essential

to study and understand the prevailing business environment in which they operate
particularly the industrial policy, economic policy, licensing policy, legal environment, and
technological environment. The environment impacts a lot in setting up a proper industry.

Product Selection: You need to decide the product you wish to manufacture or the service
you wish to offer. While choosing the product or service you want to offer, you must
conduct a good market research and learn about the prevailing competition in the market.

Location: You need to choose a location to set up your small scale industry. While choosing
the location such factors such as nearness to market, sources of material availability of raw
materials, labor, transportation services, modern infrastructural facilities and other things
are considered. Location determines the success or failure of the enterprise.

Technology: To manufacture any item, technology is used. The entrepreneur should collect
information on all available technologies, and the most suitable one should be identified.
This will also be useful to determine the type of machinery and equipment to be installed.

Project: Project appraisal means the assessment of a project. It is a technique for ex-ante
analysis of a scheme or project while preparing to set up an enterprise; the entrepreneur
has to appraise the project carefully from the standpoint of economic, financial, technical,
market, social and managerial aspects to arrive at the most socially-feasible enterprise.
Finance: Finance is the lifeblood of the enterprise. So, the next big step is to arrange for
finance. No business can be created, with zero capital. If you don’t have enough finance and
then the best way is to borrow or take a loan.

Provisional Registration: It is always worthwhile to get the unit registered with the
government. The entrepreneur has to obtain the prescribed application from DIC or
Directorate of Industries. After having duly filled in the application form, he has to submit
the application with all relevant documents in the local DIC or Directorate of Industries.

Production Management: Production management is the next step, once you can start
your small scale industry. This includes allocating space for different operations and
choosing your production methods. You are required to purchase machinery and hire
employees and workers for different departments.

Power And Water Connection: The sites where the enterprise will be located should either
have adequate power connections, or it should be arranged. The entrepreneur can
calculate the total power requirement and determine the nearest pole from which power
will be given to the enterprise, as it can materially affect the installation cost.

Installation Of Machinery: Once the above formalities have been completed; the next step
is to procure machinery and begin its installation as per the plant layout.

Insurance: It is necessary to have adequate insurance for fixed assets at this stage and later
on for the current assets as well.

Recruitment Of Manpower: Once machines are installed, the need for manpower arises to
run them. So, the quantum and type of manpower are to be decided. The sources of getting
desired labor are also important. This follows the recruitment, training, and placement.

Production: The unit established should have an organizational set-up. To operate

optimally, the organization should employ its manpower, machinery, and methods
effectively. There should not be any wastage of manpower, machinery, and materials. If
items are exported, then the product and its packaging must be attractive.

Marketing: Marketing is the most important activity as far as the entrepreneurial

development is concerned. Marketing and business advertising form the next big step of
setting up a small scale industry. Online business directories and various traditional forms
of advertising can gain exposure for your business. Prices for your products or services are
decided to keep in mind the profit margin.
Quality Assurance: Before marketing, the product quality certification from BIS (Bureau of
Indian Standard)/ AGMARK/HALLMARK, etc., should be obtained depending upon the
product. If there are no quality standards specified for the products, the entrepreneur
should evolve his quality control parameters.

Permanent Registration: After the small scale unit goes into production and marketing, it
becomes eligible to get permanent registration based on its provisional registration
from the DIC or Directorate of Industries.

Market Research: Once the product or service is introduced in the market, there is strong
need for continuous market research to assess needs and areas for modification, up
gradation and growth.

Monitoring: Periodical monitoring and evaluation not only of markets but also production,
quality, and profitability help in knowing where the firm stands in comparison to
performance envisaged in the business plan. It also identifies the direction of future
growth. Therefore, planning is a useful aspect of setting up a small scale. According to
business, at every stage, you are required to improve your plan.

Conclusion
It can be concluded that setting up small scale industries is not a difficult task. The
procedure of small scale industries is simple and easy than the large scale industries. So, if
one wants to set up an industry, one can surely go for it. It is profitable, easier and helps in
the growth of the economy of the country.