CLINICAL

BIOCHEMISTRY
REFERENCE RANGES
HANDBOOK
Eastbourne District General Hospital
&
Conquest Hospital, Hastings

Version: V1.8
Ratified by: Clinical Biochemistry Team
Date ratified: August 2018
Name of author and title: Suzanne Fuggle, Cons Clinical Scientist
Date Written: November 2011
Name of responsible committee/individual: Jacqueline Munro, Lead BMS
Date issued: August 2018
Issue number: 10
Review date: August 2019

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 Version Control Table

Version Date Author Reason for Description of

number and change changes made
issue number
V1 November Biochemistry
2011 Clinical Team
V1.0 August 2013 Paul Eaton
(Biochemistry
Issue 2)
2013176
V1.1 November Paul Eaton General Reference ranges
2013 Updates changed to reflect
current practice
V1.2 January 2015 Sue Fuggle UKAS Add source of
Requirement reference ranges
V1.3 April 2015 Sue Fuggle General update Add U. Magnesium
Remove U.
Amylase
V1.4 March 2017 Sue Fuggle Update – Reference ranges
analyser changed to reflect
change current practice
V1.5 July 2017 Sue Fuggle Corrections Carbamazepine (CBZ)
reference range corrected
< inserted in rr for alb:crt
ratio
< removed for
Dehydroepiandrosterone
S04
V1.6 July 2017 SueFuggle corrections Male 17 B ref range
updated
V1.7 Aug 2017 Sue Fuggle corrections ‘driving’ inserted to
alcohol. Unit correction for
neonatal
copper..Carbonmomoxode
and non fasting Glucose
added. Random glucose
updated Group name and
contact phone numbers
V1.8 Aug 2018 Sue Fuggle Corrections Carboxyheamoglobin
reference range updated
and reference inserted.
Cadmium/Chromium
corrected. Cobalt added

Consultation Table

This document has been developed in consultation with the groups and/or
individuals in this table

Name of individual or Title Date

group
Joint Quality and Governance 2015
Group

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 DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL CHEMISTRY TESTS

KEY

Specimen Type:
S – Serum
U – Urine
Bl - Whole Blood (EDTA)
Pl – Plasma
F – Faeces
BS – Blood Spot
ACD/AED: anticonvulsant drug / anti epileptic drug
Location and reference range :
Lab - Daily routine tests
Lab* - Batches
POCT – Point of Care Testing
REF- Referral to other hospitals including use
referral lab’s reference range
Note turn around time for tests referred to another
hospital is 4 weeks or less unless specifically stated.
GOS – paediatric reference ranges obtained from
Great Ormond Street Hospital .
KIT - reference range obtained from manufacturer’s
instructions for use.
H- Pathology Harmony Reference Range
GSTS – Guys and St Thomas’ Hospital
N/A - Not applicable
- Not available
W – All Wales Clinical Biochemistry Audit group.
Source 1 – The Prescriber Vol 25, Issue 20, Version
of record online:30 Oct 2014
T – Trust policy
N – NHS Diabetes prevention programme.
TEST NAME REFERENCE RANGES SOURCE
11 deoxycortisol 8 nmol/L Ref

17 Alpha Hydroxyprogesterone (S) Ref

Female
adult 1-10 nmol/L
Neonates <30.0 nmol/L

Male
Neonates <30.0 nmol/L
17 Beta Oestradiol (S) Lab
Post Menopausal <18.4 - 505 pmol/L KIT
Follicular 45 - 854 pmol/L
Mid-Cycle 151 - 1462 pmol/L
Luteal 82 - 251 pmol/
Males 41 - 159 pmol/L

3 methoxy tyramine (U) < 2.5 umol/24h Ref

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5HIAA (U) 0 - 47 mmol/24h Ref

ACTH (Pl) <46 ng/L (9 am) Ref

<10 ng/L (midnight)
Albumin (S) Age g/L Lab
Neonate 30 - 45
Infant 30 - 45 H
1-16 yrs 30 - 50
>15Y 35 - 50 H
Albumin: creatinine ratio (U) <2.3 mg/mmol KIT

Alcohol (S) The legal driving limit is 80 mg/100ml. Coma Lab

(Ethanol, C2H5OH) ensues at 300-400 mg/100ml. Death may occur KIT
at levels over 450 mg/100ml.

Aldosterone (Pl) 100 – 800 µmol/L Ref

Aldosterone IPRA Ratio
0 - 799
Alk Phos Isoenzymes (S) Text report Ref

Alkaline Phosphatase (S) Age U/L Lab

Neonate 70 - 380 H
Infant 60 - 425
>15y 30 - 130 (M+F) H
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin (S) Age related reference range Ref

Birth 0.9 - 2.2 g/L

6 mths 0.8 - 1.8
1-5 yr 1.1 - 2.0
5-10 yr 1.1 - 2.2
10-15 yr 1.4 - 2.3
15-18yr 1.2 - 2.8
18-Adult 1.1 - 2.1

When Alpha 1 Antitrypsin is <1.2 g/L the Phenotype Text Comment

Ref Lab performs the Phenotype
automatically.

Alpha Fetoprotein (S) 0 – 5.8 KU/L Lab

KIT
Alpha galactosidase A (Bl) and (Pl) 4 - 21.9 nmol/hr/ml Ref

Aluminium (S) 0 – 0.6μmol/L Ref

Alanine Transaminase (ALT) (S) Adult F 10 - 35 U/L M 10 – 50 U/L Lab

KIT

Amino Acid Chromatography (Pl) Text report Ref

Amino Acid Chromatography (U) Text report Ref

Amiodarone (S) 0.5 - 2.0 mg/L Ref

Desmethylamiodarone 0.5 - 2.0 mg/L

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Ammonia (Pl) Age related reference range μmol/L Lab
F M KIT
0-1M 0 – 100 0 – 100
16 Y 0 – 50 0 - 50
Adult 11 – 51 16 - 60 μmol/L
Amylase (S) 28 – 100 U/L Lab
KIT
Amylobarbitone (S) Serum concs of Amylobarbitone in therapy are Ref
usually below 5mg/L
Anaesthetic Reactions- Ref
Tryptase(P) 2 - 14 ng/mL
Collect samples at 0, 3 and 24 hours after the
reaction
Androstenedione (S) Age and sex related reference range nmol/L Ref

Age/Stage Male Female

Premature 2.8 – 15.6 2.8 – 15.6
0 – 7D 0.7 – 10.1 0 – 8.0
1M – 5M 0.7 – 10.1 0 – 8.0
6M – 11M 0 – 1.1 0 – 0.5
1Y – 5Y 0 – 1.1 0 – 0.5
6Y – 9 Y 0 – 1.1 0 – 1.1
Adult 0 – 4.7 0 – 7.5 Adult
<50
0 – 4.0 Adult
>50

*Book Only*
Tanner 1 0 – 1.1 0 – 1.1
Tanner 2 0 – 1.7 0 – 1.7
Tanner 3 0 – 3.0 0 – 3.0
Tanner 4 0 – 3.7 0 – 3.7
Tanner 5 0 – 3.7 0 – 7.5
Post menopausal 0 – 4.0
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Age-related reference range Lab
(S) 18-Adult: 8 - 52 IU/L KIT

Apolipoprotein E Genotype (EDTA) Text report Ref

Note: Test result takes minimum2 months to
return.
Arsenic (Bl) Normal : <0.13 μmol/L Ref
Hazardous : >0.60 μmol/L
Fish, shell-fish and crustacea contain a non-toxic
arsenical compound. In suspected chronic
exposure sea-food is best excluded from the diet
for at least 15 days prior to sample collection.
Arsenic (U) Normal : <0.13 μmol/L Ref
Hazardous : >1.30μmol/L

Aspartate transaminase (AST) (S) F 0 – 32 M 0 – 40 IU/L Lab

Only available for research studies KIT
Bence Jones Protein (U) Text report: Not normally detected Lab*

Beta 2 Microglobulin (S) 1.2 - 2.4 mg/L Ref

Beta HCG (S) F 0 – 5 IU/L Lab

M 0 – 3 IU/L KIT

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Bicarbonate (HCO3) (S) 22 – 29 mmol/L Lab
KIT
Bile Acids (S) 0 – 10 μmol/L Lab
KIT
Bilirubin (S) 0 – 21 μmol/L Lab
KIT
Bilirubin (U) Text report Lab

Biotinidase Activity (Pl) 4 00 - 15.00 nmol/L PABA/ml plasma/min Ref

Blood Gases POCT

pH 7.36 - 7.44
pO2 12.0 - 15.0 kPa
pCO2 4.5 - 6.1 kPa

C-Peptide (S) An interpretation of the results will depend on the Ref

glucose result and the clinical details provided.
For further clarification please contact the lab.

C-Reactive Protein (CRP) <5 mg/L Lab

KIT
CA 15-3 (S) 0 - 29 kU/L Lab
KIT
CA 19-9 (S) 0 - 34 kU/L Lab
KIT
CA 125 (S) 0 - 35 kU/L Lab
KIT
Cadmium (Bl) Normal (Smoker): <53 nmol/L Ref
Normal (Non-smoker): <27nmol/L
Hazardous: >180nmol/L

Calcitonin (Pl) Male 0 – 11.8ng/L Female 0 – 4.8ng/L Ref

Calcium (S) Age mmol/L Lab

Neonate 2.0 2.7 (Actual not adjusted) H
Infant - 16 yrs 2.2 2.7
Adult 2.2 - 2.6
Calcium (U) 2.5- 7.50 mmol/24h Lab
H
Calprotectin (F) 0 - 49 ug/g and text comment Lab

Carbamazepine (S) 4 – 12 mg/L Lab

Proprietary Name - Tegretol H
(ACD/AED)
Carbohydrate Def.-Transferrin < 1.6% and Text comment Ref

Carboxyhaemoglobin (Pl- Li Hep) Non smokers up to 3% Medscape

Smokers up to 15% 2014
Individuals with haemolytic anaemia and
neonates may have a level of up to 5%.
Carcino Embryonic Antigen (CEA) (S) 0 – 5.0 ug/L Lab
Smokers up to 6.5 ug/L KIT

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Carotene (S) 0.9 – 4.7 μmol/L Ref

Catecholamines (U) Naradrenalin Adrenaline Dopamine Ref

Nmol/24h nmol/24h nmol/24h
0 – 3M 0 – 53 0 – 23 0 – 646
3M – 1Y 0 – 95 0 – 23 0 – 646
1 – 6Y 0 – 183 0 – 50 0 – 1417
6 – 16Y 0 – 420 0 – 57 0 – 2380
>16Y 0 – 500 0 – 100 0 - 3000
Clobazam 30-300 ug/L Ref

Chloride (U) N/A Lab

Chloride (S) 95 – 108 mmol/L KIT
Cholesterol (S) mmol/L Lab
F M KIT
0 – 5.0 0 – 5.0
Cholinesterase & Dibucaine No. (S) Ref
Sensitivity to Scoline (Suxamethonium)
Cholinest. Activity 600-1400 IU/L
Dibucaine No. 76 - 83
Fluoride No. 56 - 66
R02 93 - 98
Genotype Text report
Phenotype Text report
Chromium (Bl) 0 – 134 nmol/L Ref
Hip replacements:repeat in 3/12 if > 135 nmol/L
(MDA/2010/033)
Citrate (U) 0.6 - 4.8 mmol/24h Ref

Clobazam (S) 0.1 – 0.4 mg/L Ref

Desmethylclobazam none given
Clonazepam (S) 20 – 70 μg/L Ref

Cobalt (Bl) 0 – 119 nmol/L Ref

Hip replacements:repeat in 3/12 if > 120 nmol/L
(MDA/2010/033)
Copper up to 6 months 4 – 11 μmol/L Ref
Adult 11.0 – 22.0 μmol/L

Caeruloplasmin (S) 0.15 – 0.47 g/L

Copper (U) 0 - 0.9μmol/24h Ref

Cortisol (S) 137 – 429 nmol/L (9 am) Lab

W
Creatinine (S) Age mol/L Lab
KIT
01M 27 – 77
02M 27 – 77
01Y 14 – 34
03Y 15 – 31
05Y 23 – 37
07Y 25 – 42
09Y 30 – 47
11Y 29 – 56
13Y 39 – 60
15Y 40 – 68
F M
Adult 45 – 84 59 - 104

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Creatinine Clearance (U) A. Male - 95 - 140 ml/min Lab
A. Female - 85 - 125 ml/min KIT
Creatine Kinase (S) F M Lab
Adult 25 - 200 40 - 320 H

Crosslinks NTX (U) for Hydroxyproline Premenopausal women - 5 – 65 nM BCE/mM Ref

Post menopausal women - 5 – 131 nM BCE/mM
Males – Up to 51 nm BCE/mM
Creatinine - μmol/L
Cryoglobulins (Bl) No significant amount should be detected. Lab

Cyclosporin (S), To King's (EDTA) No specific reference range available. Reference Ref
ranges vary from Hospital to Hospital. Please
state transplant hospital.
Cystine (U) <420 mmol/24hr Ref*

Desmethylobbazam (S) 300 – 3000 ug/L Ref

Dehydroepiandrosterone SO4 (S) Age and sex related reference range umol/L Ref

Age/Stage Male Female

Prem 26-28 w day 4 3.3 – 19.2 3.3 – 19.2
0-1 months 0.2 – 8.6 0.4 - 7.1
1-6 months 0.1 – 1.6 0- 2.0
7-12 months 0- 0.7 0- 0.7
1-3 years 0– 0.4 0- 0.6
4-6 years 0- 0.7 0- 0.9
7-9 yrs prepubertal 0- 1.6 0- 2.0
10-12 yrs Tanner 1 0.1 - 3.7 0- 3.0
9.8-14.5 yrs Tanner 2 1.1 - 3.0 see below
10.7-15.4 yrs Tanner 3 1.3 - 5.4 see below
11.8-16.2 yrs Tanner 4 2.8 –10.5 see below
12.8-17.3 yrs Tanner 5 3.3 –10.1 see below
Adult 31-50 years 3.4 –16.7 see below
9.2-13.7 yrs Tanner 2 0.9 – 3.5
10.0-14.4 yrs Tanner 3 0.9 - 6.1
10.7-15.6 yrs Tanner 4 1.6 - 7.1
11.8 -18.6 yrs Tanner 5 1.2 - 6.7
Adult 20-50 years 0.7 - 11.5
Post menopausal 0.5 - 5.6
Diazepam (Pl) 0 - 1.0 mg/L Ref
Desmethyl Diazepam 0 - 1.5 mg/L

Digoxin (S) 0.5 – 1.0μg/L Lab

H
Dihydrotestosterone Age and sex related reference range pmol/L Ref

Age/Stage Male Female

Cord blood 70 – 175 70 – 170
0-14 days <1890 ↓s to
undetectable
2weeks -6 mths 140 – 4130
undetectable
6 mths–Tanner 1 <100 <100
<9.8yrs Tanner 1 <100 <100
9.8-14.5 Tanner 2 100-590 170-415
10.7-15.4 Tanner 3 280-1140 240-655
11.8-16.3 Tanner 4 760-1790 140-450
12.8-17.3 Tanner 5 830-2240 100-620
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 Adult 860-3400 80-1270
Post menopausal 30-620
Diuretic Screen Text report Ref

Dothiepin (S) μg/L Ref

Desmethyldothiepin μg/L
Total μg/L (60-200)
Drug Screen (S) Text report. Ref

Drug Screen (U) Text report. Ref

Elastase (faecal) >200μg/g and Text Comment Ref

Ethosuximide (S) 40 - 80 mg/L Ref

(ACD/AED)
Ethylene Glycol

Ferritin (S) Female 13-150 ng/ml Lab

Male 30-400 ng/ml KIT
Folate (S) 3.9 – 26.8 ng/ml Lab
KIT
Free T4 (S) 12 – 22 pmol/L Lab
KIT
Free T3 (S) 3.1 – 6.8 pmol/L Lab
KIT
FSH (S) Post Menopausal 25.8 – 134.8 IU/mL Lab
Follicular 3.5 – 12.5 IU/mL KIT
Mid-Cycle 4.7 – 21.5 IU/mL
Luteal 1.7 – 7.7 IU/mL
Males 1.5 – 12.4 IU/mL

G-1-P Uridyl Transferase (Bl) 20.2 – 46.4 μmol/h/g Hb Ref

Galactose-1-Phosphate (Bl) Normal - Non Galactosemic - <0.1 μmol/g/Hb Ref

Untreated Galactosemic - Up to 10.8 μmol/g/Hb
Patient on diet when levels dropping and levels
stabilized - 0.1 - 0.57 μmol/g/Hb
Gamma GT (S) Age U/L Lab
F M
Adult 0 - 40 0 - 60 KIT
Glucose (CSF) The CSF glucose is usually 60-80% of the blood Lab
glucose collected within 15 mins of the lumbar
puncture.
CSF glucose CANNOT be interpreted without a
concurrent blood glucose.
Glucose (Fluid) N/A Lab
KIT
Glucose (Fasting) (Pl) <5.5 mmol/L Lab
N
5.5-6.9 mmol/L = Non diabetic hyperglycaemia
(NDH)
>7.0 mmol/L consistent with diabetes, repeat test
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 in 2 weeks if asymptomatic.
4.1 – 11.0 mmol/L
Glucose (Random) (Pl) T

Gut Hormone (Pl) Ref

Glucagon 0 – 50 pmol/L
Gastrin 0 - 40 pmol/L
Vasointestinal Peptide 0 - 30 pmol/L
Somatostatin 0 - 150 pmol/L
Pancreatic polypeptide 0 – 300pmol/L
Chromogranin A 0 - 42 pmol/L
Chromogranin B 0 - 150 pmol/L
HbA1c (P) Non-diabetic 20 – 42 mmol/mol Diabetes UK
Good control 48 – 59 mmol/mol
Diabetes ≥ 48 mmol/mol
HDLC (S) 1.2 – 3.0 mmol/L Lab
Joint British
Societies for
theprevention of
Cardiovascular
disease. (JBS3)
HMBS (Washed RBC & Pl) 20 - 42 nmol uroporphoyrin/mL/red cells/h Ref

Homocysteine (S) 5 - 15μmol/L Ref

Human Growth Hormone (S) Random < 0.3 ug/L excludes acromegaly Lab
Random > 6.7 ug/L excludes GH deficiency KIT
Hydroxyproline (U) See Crosslinks NTX Ref

IgA (S) See Immunoglobulins Lab

KIT
IgD (S) Text Comment Ref

IGF-1 (S) Age related reference range Ref

Age Range (nmol/L)

Male Female
1 – 5Y 3.6 – 14.8 4.4 – 22.3
6 – 8Y 7.1 – 26.8 10.4 – 31.7
9 – 11Y 11.1 – 32.3 11.4 – 51.9
12 – 15Y 15.0 – 64.8 24.5 – 66.3
16 – 20Y 32.1 – 62.6 34.8 – 61.2
21 – 24Y 24.4 – 52.0 19.4 – 43.2
25 – 39Y 12.5 – 29.6 14.0 – 32.1
40 – 54Y 11.5 – 27.3 12.1 – 31.8
>55Y 7..1 – 24.1 7.0 – 26.6
IGFBP3 (S Age and sex related reference ranges exist; Ref
please contact laboratory

IgG (S) See Immunoglobulins Lab

KIT
IgG Albumin Ratio / Oligoclonal Bands Age related reference range Ref
(S & CSF)
CSF Age Alb g/L IgG g/L
<30 0.17 0.017
31-40 0.18 0.021
41-50 0.20 0.024
51-60 0.24 0.027
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 61-77 0.24 0.026
IgG - See Immunoglobuins reference ranges

SERUM Ignore the Albumin reference ranges from the

Referral lab and use our albumin reference ranges
in its place.
IgM (S) See Immunoglobulins Lab
KIT
Immunofixation (S) Text report Lab

Immunofixation (U) Text report Lab

Immunoglobulins (S) AGE IgG g/L IgA g/L IgM g/L Lab
KIT
01Y 2.32 - 14.11 0.00 - 0.83 0.00 - 1.45
03Y 4.53 - 9.16 0.20 - 1.00 0.19 - 1.46
06Y 5.04 - 14.65 0.27 - 1.95 0.24 - 2.10
09Y 5.72 - 14.74 0.34 - 3.05 0.31 - 2.08
11Y 6.89 - 15.60 0.53 - 2.04 0.31 -1.79
13Y 7.59 - 15.50 0.58 - 3.58 0.35 - 2.39
15Y 7.16 - 17.11 0.47 - 2.49 0.15 - 1.88
19Y 5.49 - 15.84 0.61 - 3.48 0.23 - 2.59
150Y 7.00 - 16.00 0.70 - 4.00 0.40 - 2.30

Immunoreactive Trypsin (S) 0 - 60 μg/L Ref

Inhibin B (S) 80 – 150pg/mL and Text comment. Ref

Insulin (Pl) An interpretation of the results will depend on the Ref

glucose result and the clinical details provided.
For further clarification please contact the lab.
Iron studies (S) Lab
Iron 5.8 – 34.5 μmol/L KIT
Transferrin 2.0 – 3.6 g/L
TIBC 45 – 81 μmol/L

Ketones (U) Text report Lab

POCT
Lactate (Bl) 0.5 – 2.2 mmol/L Lab
KIT
Lamotrigine (S) 3 - 15mg/L Ref

Laxative Screen (U) Text report Ref

Levetiracetim (S) 10 – 37 mg/L Ref

LDH (S) 240 -480 U/L Lab

KIT
Lead (Bl) Normal : 0 – 0.5μmol/L Ref

LH (S) Post Menopausal 7.7 - 58.8 IU/mL Lab

Follicular 2.4 - 12.0 IU/mL KIT
Mid-Cycle 14.0 - 95.6 IU/mL
Luteal 1.0 - 11.4 IU/mL
Males 1.7 - 8.6 IU/mL
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Lipid profile (S) Lab
Joint British
Cholesterol 0 – 5.0 mmol/L Societies for
theprevention of
Triglycerides 0 – 1.7 mmo/L Cardiovascular
disease. (JBS3)
HDL - cholesterol 1.2 – 3.0 mmol/L

Calculated LDL cholesterol 1.0 – 3.0 mmol/L

Calcultaed Non HDL - cholesterol <2.5 mmol/L

Lithium (S) 0.4 – 1.0 mmol/L Lab

H
Lipase (S) 6 – 51U/L Ref

Lp(a) (S) > 300 mg/L – Increased CVD risk Ref

Macro CK (S) Text report Ref

Manganese 9.1 – 23.7 nmol Ref

Magnesium (S) 0.7 – 1.0 mmol/L Lab

H

Magnesium (U) 2.5 – 8.5 mmol/24hr Ref

Mercury (U) (Long term exposure or Normal: <5 μmol/mol creat Ref
exposure to Inorganic Mercury
Compounds)
Mercury (Bl) (Recent exposure -few days Normal: <5 nmol/L Ref
or exposure to Organic Mercury
Compounds e.g. Ethyl or Methyl Mercury)
Metadrenaline (P) 80 – 510 pmol/L Ref

Methanol

Microalb/Creatinine Ratio (U) See Albumin/Creatinine Ratio (U) Lab

Mucopolysaccharides (U) Text report Ref

Neurone Specific Enolase (S) 1 – 12.5μg/L Ref

Nitrazepam (S) 50 - 150 μg/L Ref

Normetadrenaline (P) 120 – 1180 pmol/L Ref

Organic Acid Studies (U) Text report Ref

Osmolality (S) 275 – 295 mOsmol/kg Lab

H
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Osmolality (U) Normal early morning urine >600 mmol/Kg Lab
Contact lab for
reference
Overdose Screen (S) See paracetamol and salicylate Lab

Oxalate (U) 100 - 460 μmol/24h Ref

Paracetamol (S) Not normally detected. Lab

Paraproteins (S) Text report Lab*

Paraproteins (U) Text report Lab*

Paraquat (U) Not normally detected. Ref

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) (S) 10 - 65 ng/L but needs to be interpreted with Lab
serum calcium (for both EDGH and Conquest) KIT

pH (Bl) 7.36 - 7.44 POCT

KIT
Phenobarbitone (S) 10 – 30 mg/L Ref
(ACD/AED)
Phenylalanine (Phenylketonuria) 34 - 110 μmol/L Ref

Phenytoin (S) 5 – 20 mg/L Lab

Proprietary Name - Epanutin H
(ACD/AED)
Phosphate (S) Age mmol/L Lab
01M 1.3 - 2.6 KIT
01Y 1.3 - 2.4 H
16Y 0.9 - 1.8
150Y 0.8 - 1.5
Adult 0.8 - 1.5
Phosphate (24 hour urine output) (U) 15 – 15 mmol/24 hr Lab
H
Pigments (U) Text report. Lab

Porphobilinogen (U) 0 - 1.5 μmol/mmol creatinine Ref

Please note an urgent qualitative assay is Lab
available in house. Please phone lab if required. KIT

Porphyrins (Bl) RBC free protoporphyrin: 0 – 200 nmol/L cells Ref

RBC zinc protoporphyrin: 0 – 800 nmol/L cells
Porphyrins (F) 0 – 50 mmol/g faeces Ref

Porphyrins (U) 0 – 35 nmol/mmol creatinine Ref

Potassium (S) Adult 3.5 - 5.3 mmol/L Lab

H

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Primidone (S) Less than 13 mg/L Ref
Proprietary Name - Mysoline
(ACD/AED)
Procollagen Peptide Type III Age and sex-related (ug/L) Ref

Age Male Female

0 – 2 years 10 – 50 10 – 50
2 – 4 years 5 – 15 5 – 15
5 – 10 years 5 – 10 5 – 10
11 – 14 years 5 – 10 8 - 15
15 – 19 years 8 – 20 2- 8

Adult 1.7 – 4.2 1.7 – 4.2

Progesterone (S) Follicular phase 0.2-2.8 nmol/L Lab
Mid-cycle 0.4-38.1 nmol/L KIT
Luteal phase 5.8-75.9 nmol/L
Post-menopausal <0.2-0.4 nmol/L
Males <0.2-0.5 nmol/L
Proinsulin (S) Less than 10 pmol/L Ref

Prolactin (S) Male: 86 – 324mU/L (EDGH and CONQ) Lab

Female: 102 – 496mU/L KIT
Protein (CSF) 0.15 - 0.45 g/L Lab
KIT
Protein:creatinine ratio (U) 0 – 45 mg/mmol Lab
KIT
Protein Electrophoresis (S) Text report Lab*

Protein-24 hour (U) 0.00 – 0.14 g/24h Lab

KIT
PSA (S) 49Y 0.00 2.00 ng/mL Lab
59Y 0.00 3.00 Nice CG 12
69Y 0.00 4.00
150Y 0.00 5.00
Quinine 10 – 15mg/L Ref

Renin 0.5 – 3.1 nmd/L/h Ref

Rheumatoid Factor (S) <14 IU/ml Lab

KIT
Salicylate (S) mg/L. Not normally detected. Lab

Selenium (S) 0.89 – 1.65μmol/L Ref

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (S) Age F M Lab

up tp 50yrs 32 - 128 18 - 54 nmol/L KIT
51-150 yrs 27 – 128 21 – 77 nmolL
Serum free light chains (sFLCs) (S) Kappa 3.30 – 19.4 mg/L Ref
Lambda 5.71 – 26.3 mg/L
Ratio 0.26 – 1.65 (0.37-3.10 in patients on
dialysis)
Sodium (S) 133 - 146 mmol/L Lab
H

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Sodium 24 hour output (U) 40 - 220 mmol/24hr Lab
KIT
Sodium Valproate 50 - 100 mg/L Lab
Proprietary Name - Epilim KIT
(ACD/AED)
Solvent Screen (U) (EDTA) Text report Ref

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) (S) 0 – 150ng/dLI Ref

Steroid Profile (U) Text report - based on relevant biochemical and Ref
clinical information provided.
Stone Analysis (Stone) Weight in mg Ref
Composition in %
Sugar Chromatography (F) All sugars <1.0 mmol/Kg faeces Ref
Ref. interval variable: not usually > 1.0 mmol/Kg
Sugar Chromatography (U) Text report - Less than 1 month of age up to 3 Ref
mmol/L lactose or galactose, if receiving high
carbohydrate diet. The sugars must be present
in the diet to be detected i.e., to exclude
galactosaemia the infant must be having feeds
containing lactose.
Sugars (U) Text report Lab

Sweat Test Normal: <40 mmol/L Lab

Sweat Chloride Borderline: 40 – 60mmol/L KIT
Fibrocystic: >60mmol/L

Normal: 0 - 60 mmol/L
Conductivity Testing Borderline: 60 - 90 mmol/L
Fibrocystic: >90 mmol/L
Tacrolimus (FK506) 2.0 - 15 μg/L Ref
Depends on referral lab.
TCO2 (S) Renamed as bicarbonate

Temazepam (S) Text report Ref

Testosterone (S) F M Lab

50Y 0.29 - 1.67 8.64 29 KIT
150Y 0.1 - 1.42 6.68 25.7
(for both CONQ and EDGH)
Theophylline (S) 10 - 20 mg/L Lab
H
Thiamine (EDTA) 66 – 200 nmol/L Ref
(Vitamin B1)
Thyroglobulin (Tg)(S) NO COMMENT ON OUR REPORT Ref

Endogenous antibodies to Tg may interfere in its

measurement. Interpret Tg results in Tg-Ab positive
sera with caution.
Thyroid Function Tests (S) Lab
FT3 3.1 – 6.8 pmol/L (EDGH and CONQ) KIT
FT4 12 - 22 pmol/L
TSH 0.27 - 4.2 mU/L

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TPMT (thiopurine methyl transferase 26 – 50 pmol/h/mg Hb normal Ref
(E) 10 – 25 pmol/h/mg Hb carrier
<10 pmol/h/mg Hb deficiency
Plus text interpretation and advice
TPO (S) 0-34 IU/mL (Conquest only) Lab
KIT
Total Protein (S) 60 – 80g/L Lab
H
Transketolase (Red Cell) Red Cell Transketolase- 0.40-1.13 U/G Hb Ref
Transketolase activation - <27 %

Triglyceride (Fasting) (S) F M mmol/L Lab

0 – 1.7 0 – 1.7 KIT
Troponin T (S) Troponin T should be measured at presentation Lab
and 6-9 hours later: KIT

Both levels <14ng/L: MI can be ruled

out(unless further chest
pain or ECG changes suggest further
investigation is required).

If at LEAST ONE Troponon T is 14ng/L or

above AND
<20% change: not consistent with an acute
event
20-100% change: significant rise, suggest
further evaluation to
distinguish between other causes and chronic
elevation in Troponin T.
>100% change (a doubling): consistent with
myocardial necrosis.
TSH (S) 0.27 – 4.2 uU/L (CONQ and EDGH) Lab
KIT
TSH Binding Inhibiting Ig < 1.0 U/L negative Ref
1.0 – 1.5 U/L borderline
> 1.5 U/L positive
Urate (S) Lab
F 140 – 360 μmol/L H
M 200 – 430

Results greater than 0.35 umol/L are above

target for gout prevention
Urate (U) Depends on intake Lab

Urea (S) Age Lab

01M 0.8 5.5 mmol/L H
01Y 1.0 5.5
16Y 2.5 6.5
150Y 2.5 7.8

Metanephaines (U) Normetadrenaline Metadrelaline Ref

nmol/24Hrs nmol/24hrs
0 – 3M 0 – 0.9 0 – 0.2
3M – 1Y 0 – 0.6 0 – 0.2
1Y – 3Y 0 – 0.6 0 – 0.3
3Y – 8Y 0 – 1.4 0 – 0.5
8Y – 12Y 0 – 1.9 0 – 0.8
>12Y 0 – 3.3 0 – 1.2

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Urobilin (U) Text report Lab

Urobilinogen (U) Text report Lab

Valproate (S) 50 - 100 mg/L Lab

Proprietary Name – Epilim (ACD/AED) KIT
Very Long Chain Fatty Acids (VLCFA) / Text report Ref
Phytanic (Pl)

Vitamin A (S) Age and sex related reference range Ref

Age (years) Range (μmol/L)

0-6 0.70 – 1.50

7 -12 0.90 – 1.70
13 - 19 0.90 – 2.50
Adult female 0.99 – 3.35
Adult male 0.77 – 3.95
Vitamin B12 (S) 197 – 771 ng/L Lab
KIT
Vitamin D (25) (S) >75 – 200 nmol/L Optimal Lab
50 – 75 nmol/L Adequate for most people Source 1
25 – 50 nmol/L Insufficient
<25 nmol/L Severely deficient, may be
associated with rickets/osteomalacia.

Vitamin D (1,25) 55 – 139 pmol/L Ref

Vitamin E (S) Age-related reference range Ref

Age (years) Range (μmol/L)

<1 11.5 – 24.4

2-6 7.0 – 21.0
7 – 12 10.0 – 21.0
13 – 19 13.0 – 24.0
Adult 9.5 – 41.5

Vitamin E/cholesterol >/= 2.22 umol/mmol

White Cell Enzyme Text report Ref

Xanthochromia (CSF) Text report – based on National Guidelines Lab

Zinc (S) 11 – 24 μmol/L Ref

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NOTE: Reference ranges are liable to change due to updates in equipment, methods,
reagents and change in Referral Labs. Reference ranges are updated on our computer
system as they are received.

Please contact us if you need further information on tests or reference ranges.

Tel no.: 01323-417400 ext – 3896/ 4647 or 01424 755255 ext 8580 / 8019

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