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Processes of Recycling and Production

The document describes the process of producing pencils from trees. Trees are planted and grown for 3 years before being cut down. The wood is cut into thin strips, dried, and aged for 60 days. Then a groove is cut into the strip and glue injected. A black graphite lead is inserted and another strip placed on top to form a sandwich. The sandwich is heated and pressed to fuse the strips together into a pencil. The pencils are then printed, sharpened, and packaged before reaching consumers.

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hoangloc Ngo
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13 views4 pages

Processes of Recycling and Production

The document describes the process of producing pencils from trees. Trees are planted and grown for 3 years before being cut down. The wood is cut into thin strips, dried, and aged for 60 days. Then a groove is cut into the strip and glue injected. A black graphite lead is inserted and another strip placed on top to form a sandwich. The sandwich is heated and pressed to fuse the strips together into a pencil. The pencils are then printed, sharpened, and packaged before reaching consumers.

Uploaded by

hoangloc Ngo
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

EXERCISE 1

Bài này mặc dù yêu cầu các bạn chỉ cần các bạn mô tả sơ bộ về các steps, nhưng mình đã gom lại thành đoạn cho các
bạn dễ nhìn nhé:

The fizzy drink is bought in the shop. After it is drunk, it is either thrown away, in which case it is thrown into a rubbish
tip, or it is put into a recycling bin. Then the recycled bottles are collected and taken to a special centre, where the glass
is sorted. After this step, the glass is crushed and after that it is used for making new glass. This glass is then made into
new bottles which are delivered to various bottling plants, where the various drinks are added.
EXERCISE 2
ANSWER

The picture shows how pencils are produced from logs and leads.

On the whole, the process is not only efficient, because all parts of the tree are used but also ecofriendly. First, the seeds
are cultivated in nurseries before being planted four months later. After three years the plantation is thinned facilitating
the growth and improving the quality of the wood. Once the trees are fourteen years old, they are now ready to be used
for the manufacturing of pencils and so are cut down to make logs.

The wood obtained is cut into thin pieces, treated to become dry, and then left sixty days before being used for the
production of pencils. At this stage, a groove is cut into the slat and a special glue is injected. After that, a black lead is
put into the slat followed by the placement of an empty slat on top to form a sandwich, which is heated and hard-pressed.
By this action the two slats are converted into one piece which is then cut to produce individual pencils which in turn
are finally printed, sharpened and stamped before reaching the consumers.

EXERCISE 3
ANSWER
The diagram shows how the solar energy can be used to heat water in the domestic field.

To heat the water, two separate immersion loops are fitted in the tank; the top one is connected to the boiler while the
one at the bottom is a part of the "Solar Heating System' (SHS). Both are heated up by the flowing hot water inside
them which in turn heats the tank water indirectly.

The pump circulates the water in the SHS with the flow rate according to the received signals from the controller. As
the cold water is piped up to the solar collector, thermal energy is captured from sun's rays and transferred to the pipe.
Subsequently, the heated water is directed down to the bottom immersion loop for heating the tank water to provide hot
water through the taps and for heating. The cooled water then returns to the pump and the cycle repeats itself.

The incoming cold feed fills the tank up as the hot water is taken out via hot water taps. This way the steady flow of hot
water to the taps is assured.

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