ABSTRACT

In agricultural sector generally farmer uses traditional way that is spray carried on
backpack and spraying crop. This becomes time consuming, costly and human
fatigue is major concern, these problems can be overcome by using
agricultural reciprocating multi sprayer. It facilitates uniform spread of the
chemicals, capable of throwing chemicals at the desired level, precision made
nozzle tip for adjustable stream and capable of throwing foggy spray depending on
requirement. In our project we use slider crank mechanism to convert rotary
motion into reciprocating motion to operate the pump, thus the pesticide is spread
through the nozzle. This work gives continuously flow of pesticide at required
pressure and height. A special arrangement is implemented in this project to adjust
the pressure as high or low. We also use a weed cuter in our model for removing
unwanted plants. By using agricultural sprayer, spraying time and weeding time,
human efforts reduces and results in cost reduction.
 INTRODUCTION

Generally farmer uses traditional way that is spray carried on backpack and
spraying crop this becomes time consuming, costly and human fatigue is major
concern. Present day in agriculture the sprayers play an important role in spraying
pesticide. Although sprayers varies like motorized, hand operated. Spraying
pesticide is an important process in farming. Now days, there are many types of
pesticide sprayer already in market. For the different types of pesticide sprayer
there are have a different shapes, sizes, method to carry it but the function are
same. The current idea on sprayer in our project is to utilize effectively for
reducing time of spraying, human efforts and cost of spraying.

The conventional sprayer having some difficulties such as it needs lot of effort to
push the liver up and down in order to create the pressure to spray. Another
difficulty of petrol sprayer is to need to purchase the fuel which increases the
running cost of the sprayer; it produces more vibrations and noise that irritates the
farmer and he refuse to do such work repeatedly. In order to overcome these
difficulties, we have proposed a wheel driven sprayer, it is a portable device and no
need of any fuel to operate, which is easy to move and sprays the pesticide by
moving the wheel. The mechanism involve in this sprayer is reciprocating pump,
and nozzles which were connected at the front end of the spraying equipment.
A special arrangement is implemented for adjusting the pressure as low and high
with the help of adjusting the nut. Also the weeding is done by this equipment. In
Agricultural sector use of cheap and beneficial equipment for effective weeding
and spraying for increase productivity which is very important for better
contribution for India’s GDP.
We have to make economic machineries so farmers can purchase it as per capital
income of our country’s farmers are low and our country per capital income is low
that of compared to other country as our country is developing country. Present
scenario in agricultural field in India related to sprayer is that farmers are using
hand operated sprayer or motorized sprayer. According to idea in our project we
are making a small agricultural reciprocating multi sprayer which is mechanically
operated by a slider crank mechanism. One vertical arm is attached at in front of
cycle and one horizontal arm at top of the vertical arm. Nozzles are fitted to this
arm so that it can spray pesticide both the sides. As more no of nozzle are there
hence spraying is done rapidly and time and money is saved.
 SCOPE

Now days the spraying of crop is done by operator taking pump on

back, but we were developing this conventional spraying for reducing
efforts and time by using slider crank mechanism and motion transmission

by chain and sprocket arrangement principles.

 MAIN COMPONENTS

 SPROCKETS
 CHAIN
 CRANK
 CONNECTING ROD
 PUMP
 NOZZLE
 WHEEL
 FRAME
 TANK

SPROCKETS:

The name 'sprocket' applies generally to any wheel upon which radial projections
engage a chain passing over it. It is distinguished from a gear in that sprockets are
never meshed together directly, and differs from a pulley in that sprockets have
teeth and pulleys are smooth. We use freewheel and chain wheel for chain and
sprocket arrangement.
CHAIN:

The chain is made of steel which is used to transmit power from gear
sprocket to pinion sprocket, and it has a no sleep.

CRANK
The function of crank is to transfer motion from prime mover to the
connecting rod for further operation. Here the circular disc having
eccentricity at which rotary motion of crank is converted into
reciprocating/linear motion of connecting rod.

CONNECTING ROD
The main function of connecting rod is to convert rotary motion into
reciprocating/linear motion. Here connecting rod convert rotary motion of
crank to reciprocating motion of pump and extension rod.

PUMP
It consists of piston and cylinder arrangement, it has a lever to operate the
motion of piston in reciprocating direction. The pump generates the pressure
of 2 bars and discharge of 2 lpm.

NOZZLE
It is a device which converts the pressure energy of fluid into kinetic energy,
spray nozzle is a precision device that facilitates dispersion of liquid into a
spray. Nozzle is used for purpose to distribute a liquid over an area.

WHEEL
Wheel is used to carry the whole assembly and move machine from one
place to another by rotary motion of it. A bicycle wheel is a wheel, most
commonly a wire wheel, designed for a bicycle. Bicycle wheel is designed to
fit into the frame and fork via drop outs, and hold bicycle tyre. A typical modern
wheel has a metal hub, wire tension spokes and a metal or carbon fiber rim which
holds a pneumatic rubber tire. We use a tubeless tire wheel.

FRAME
The main function of frame is to carry whole assembly on it so it has to be strong
enough to hold it. The frame is made of square pipe and it is formed out of mild
steel.

TANK
We want our tank to carry as much fluid as it can be along with its self
weight as less as possible. We have taken a tank which is almost 16 liter
capacity. A material for tank used is plastic fiber. Plastic fiber is very low in
weight as compared to other materials. It also has very low cost.

WORKING PRINCIPLE AND WORKING

WORKING PRINCIPLE:
 Motion transmission by chain and sprockets arrangement.
 Slider cranks mechanism.
 Rotary motion converted into reciprocating motion.

BLOCK DIAGRAM
 WORKING
Above figure shows the assembly of the agricultural reciprocating multi sprayer.
The operator grabs the handle and pushes the cycle forward as cycle moves
forward, the wheel rotate. When the wheel rotates then the gear sprocket mounted
on wheel is also rotate at same speed. The chain drive transfers the motion of gear
sprocket to pinion sprocket. The pinion sprocket and crank is mounted on either
side of same shaft, the rotary motion of shaft is converted into the reciprocating
motion with the help of crank and connecting rod mechanism. The connecting rod
is also connected with lever and then the lever oscillates at fulcrum. The piston
connected at fulcrum produce reciprocating motion in cylinder and the required
pressure is achieved. The pesticide from tank sucks in cylinder and piston
forced the pesticide to nozzle through the pipe; the numbers of nozzles are
connected to spray the pesticide. We can adjust the pressure, which is required for
spraying with the help of special arrangement is to change the length of crank by
providing slot on crank. By providing some adjustment at joint of connecting rod
and lever free rotation of crank or neutral position can be achieved. Using these
adjustments pumping is stop and the wheel rotate freely when you need not spray
pesticide. Height, position and angle of the nozzle can be adjustable.

CONCLUSION

It is upgraded design of manually operated sprayer and weeder which will be

helpful for small land farmers. It consumes less time and saves money as compared
with conventional spraying and weeding.
This machine does not require any fuel or power so maintenance is less. This
model removes problem of back pain, vibrations and noise.

This alone pump can used for multiple crops.

The model has provided multiple nozzles, which has continuous spray over crop
and this process takes less time than other sprayers for spaying.

REFERENCES

[1] Prof. Sumit D. Raut, Prof. Kamlesh R. Banarse, Prof. Roshan R. More,

“Fabrication of pedal operated pesticide sprayer for agricultural and drainage

line use”, IJPRET, Volume 2(9): 67-74, ISSN 2319-507X, Issue , June 2014
[2] Shivaraja kumar. A, Parameswaramurthy.D“ Design and development of
wheel and pedal operated sprayer”, IPASJ International Journal of Mechanical
Engineering (IIJME), ISSN 2321-6441, Volume 2, Issue , June 2014

[3] S R Kulkarni, R V Nyamagoud, Hareesh Naik, and Mohan

Futane,“Fabrication of Portable Foot Operated Agricultural Fertilizers and
Pesticides Spraying Pump”, International Journal of Engineering Research &
Technology (IJERT), ISSN: 2278-0181,Vol. 4 Issue 07, July-2015

[4] David McAuliffe and Vanessa P. Gray, Application Technology: “Problems

and Opportunities with Knapsack Sprayers, Including the CF Valve™ or Constant
Flow Valve”.

LITERATURE SURVEY

Sudduth K.A., Borgelt S.C., Hou J., (1995) Performance of a chemical injection
sprayer system, Abstract - Performance of a chemical injection sprayer system,
found the time delay of concentrated pesticides through injection sprayers to be
significant, and proposed injection at the individual nozzles as a possible solution
to shorten delays. Development of a direct nozzle injection system that overcame
the concentration variation problems reported by previous researchers. Simulation
is used to compare chemical application accuracies for various designs of injection
sprayers. They found that reducing the diameter of the fluid lines near the end of
the spray booms improved overall application accuracy. Philip J. Sammons,
Tomonari Furukawa, Andrew Burgin, (2005) Autonomous Pesticide Spraying
Robot for use in a Greenhouse, Abstract - The University of Nairobi develop the
system like centrifugal pump is the most common non-positive displacement
pump. The output from this type of pump is influenced by pressure. This pump is
ideal for delivering large volumes of liquid at low pressures. A key component of
the centrifugal pump is the throttling valve. A manual throttling valve on the main
output line is essential for the accurate operation of the centrifugal pump. The use
of herbicides has replaced much of the mechanical tillage done formerly. Chemical
application is done with attachments to tillage machines and seeders or with single-
purpose chemical application.

APPLICATIONS

 It major use in agriculture to spray fertilizer.

 In city and urban area it can use for spraying water on lawn.
 It may be exercise device at morning during utilize in lawn.
 Use from spray chemical Pesticide in plants in farm.
 It is use for spray painting in industry.
 It is use for spray water in garden on the plants.
 It is use for transfer water from one place to its nearer place.
 ADVANTAGES

1. It does not require any kind of non-renewable energy is mechanical, electrical

and pressure energy.

2. It reduces the fatigue of operator during the operation.

3. It increases the efficiency of operator.

4. It can cover more area of land during spray.

5. It can adjust the height of spray by using adjustable

6. Its cost is less than electrically and solar operated pump.

7. It has is less air pollution