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NACA 0016 Airfoil Lift Coefficient Calculation

The document describes using a vortex panel method to calculate the coefficient of lift for a NACA 0016 airfoil at 10 degrees angle of attack. It outlines the vortex panel method equations, loads airfoil coordinate data, calculates control point locations and influence coefficients, solves the system of equations to determine vortex strengths, computes velocity and pressure distributions, and integrates the pressure difference to calculate a coefficient of lift value of 1.2102.

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Vivaswan Sinha
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175 views5 pages

NACA 0016 Airfoil Lift Coefficient Calculation

The document describes using a vortex panel method to calculate the coefficient of lift for a NACA 0016 airfoil at 10 degrees angle of attack. It outlines the vortex panel method equations, loads airfoil coordinate data, calculates control point locations and influence coefficients, solves the system of equations to determine vortex strengths, computes velocity and pressure distributions, and integrates the pressure difference to calculate a coefficient of lift value of 1.2102.

Uploaded by

Vivaswan Sinha
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Aerodynamics

Assignment IV
Question:

Use vortex panel for NACA 0016 airfoil with angle of attack 10 to
calculate coefficient of lift.

Airfoil Details:

NACA 0016 Airfoil M=0.0% P=0.0% T=16.0%

Airfoil co-ordinates are saved in ‘naca0016_160cos.txt’.


The vortex panel method:

The vortex panel method is an important numerical technique for


the solution of the inviscid, incompressible flow over bodies of arbitrary
shape, thickness, and angle of attack. For panels of constant strength,
the governing equations are:

and,

Using MATLAB to calculate the Coefficient of Lift Cl:


%% Data Acquisition and Re-arranging
data = load('naca0016_160cos.txt');
XB = flip(data(:,1));

PAGE 1
YB = flip(data(:,2));
YB(1,1) = 0;
YB(end,1) = 0;
M = size(XB,1);
z = 1;
%% Calculation of control points and other geometric parameters
alpha = 10;
alpha = (alpha) * (pi/180);
for i = 1:M-1
X(i,1) = 0.5*( XB(i) + XB(i+1) );
Y(i,1) = 0.5*( YB(i) + YB(i+1) );
S(i,1) = sqrt( (XB(i+1)-XB(i))^2 + (YB(i+1)-YB(i))^2 );
theta(i,1) = atan2( (YB(i+1)-YB(i)) , (XB(i+1)-XB(i)) );
RHS(i,1) = sin(theta(i) - alpha);
end
%% Calculation of Coefficients
for i = 1:M-1
for j = 1:M-1
if (i == j)
CN1(i,j) = -1;
CN2(i,j) = 1 ;
CT1(i,j) = 0.5*pi;
CT2(i,j) = 0.5*pi;
else
A = - (X(i) - XB(j))*(cos(theta(j))) - (Y(i) - YB(j))*(sin(theta(j)));
B = (X(i) - XB(j))^2 + (Y(i) - YB(j))^2;
C = sin(theta(i) - theta(j));
D = cos(theta(i) - theta(j));
E = (X(i) - XB(j))*sin(theta(j)) - (Y(i) - YB(j))*cos(theta(j));
F = log(1 + ((S(j))^2 + (2*A*S(j))) / B);
G = atan2((E*S(j)) , (B + A*S(j)));
P = ((X(i) - XB(j)) * sin(theta(i) - 2*theta(j))) + ((Y(i) - YB(j)) * cos(theta(i) Q = ((X(i) - XB(j)) *
cos(theta(i) - 2*theta(j))) - ((Y(i) - YB(j)) * sin(theta(i) CN2(i,j) = D + ((0.5*Q*F)/S(j)) - ((A*C +
D*E)*(G/S(j)));
CN1(i,j) = 0.5*D*F + C*G - CN2(i,j);
CT2(i,j) = C + ((0.5*P*F)/S(j)) + ((A*D - C*E)*(G/S(j)));
CT1(i,j) = 0.5*C*F - D*G - CT2(i,j);
end
end
end
%% Computation of Influence Coefficients
for i = 1:M-1
AN(i,1) = CN1(i,1);
AN(i,M) = CN2(1,M-1);
AT(i,1) = CT1(i,1);
AT(i,M) = CT2(i,M-1);
for j = 2:M-1
AN(i,j) = CN1(i,j) + CN2(i,j-1);
AT(i,j) = CT1(i,j) + CT2(i,j-1);
end
end
AN(M,1) = 1;
AN(M,M) = 1;
for j = 2:M-1
AN(M,j) = 0;

PAGE 2
end
RHS(M) = 0;
%% Solve for Gamma and velocity/pressure
Gama = AN\RHS; % Solving for a syetem of linear equations
for i = 1:M-1
V(i) = cos(theta(i)-alpha);
for j = 1:M
V(i) = V(i) + AT(i,j)*Gama(j);
CP(i) = 1 - (V(i))^2;
end
end
figure(1)
plot(X,CP);
set(gca,'Ydir','reverse');
xlabel('x/c');
ylabel('Coefficient of Pressure');
grid on; grid minor;

Graph:

%% Calculation of Lift Coefficient


CPl = CP(1:((M-1)/2));
CPl = flip(CPl);

PAGE 3
CPu = CP((((M-1)/2)+1):end);
dCP = CPl - CPu;
dx = X((((M-1)/2)+1):end);
Cl(z) = trapz(dx,dCP); z = z+1;

Result:

The Coefficient of Lift is: 1.2102

PAGE 4

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