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Griffith's Experiment Insights

This document provides a summary of a homework assignment on microbial genetics and horizontal gene transfer. The assignment includes multiple choice and short answer questions about mutation rates, types of mutations, horizontal gene transfer mechanisms like transformation, transduction and conjugation. It tests understanding of key concepts like competence, recombination, and how naturally transformable bacteria can acquire new genes from their environment or other bacteria.

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Kvn4N6
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
36 views6 pages

Griffith's Experiment Insights

This document provides a summary of a homework assignment on microbial genetics and horizontal gene transfer. The assignment includes multiple choice and short answer questions about mutation rates, types of mutations, horizontal gene transfer mechanisms like transformation, transduction and conjugation. It tests understanding of key concepts like competence, recombination, and how naturally transformable bacteria can acquire new genes from their environment or other bacteria.

Uploaded by

Kvn4N6
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

3/31/2019 Chapter 7 Homework Part II

Chapter 7 Homework Part II


Due: 1:59pm on Wednesday, February 20, 2019
You will receive no credit for items you complete after the assignment is due. Grading Policy

Microbiology Animation: Mutations: Types

Click here to complete this activity.

Then answer the questions.

Part A
What is considered to be the average natural mutation rate that occurs during DNA replication?

ANSWER:

One in every ten thousand nucleotides replicated.

One in every trillion nucleotides replicated.

One in every million nucleotides replicated.

One in every billion nucleotides replicated.

Correct

Part B
A mutation that affects the genotype of the organism but not the phenotype is called a

ANSWER:

missense mutation.

nonsense mutation.

frameshift mutation.

silent mutation.

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3/31/2019 Chapter 7 Homework Part II

Correct

Part C
A base insertion or deletion in the translated region of the gene may lead to
ANSWER:

frameshift mutation.

missense mutation.

nonsense mutation.

silent mutation.

Correct

Part D
A base substitution that changes a codon coding for an amino acid to a stop codon is called a
ANSWER:

silent mutation.

missense mutation.

frameshift mutation.

nonsense mutation.

Correct

Part E
How frequently do silent mutations occur?

ANSWER:

One out of every billion mutations

One out of every three mutations

Half of all mutations

One out of every million mutations

Correct

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3/31/2019 Chapter 7 Homework Part II

Short Answer 7.07

Part A
A (missense/nonsense/silent) mutation of a gene usually produces a nonfunctional polypeptide.

ANSWER:

nonsense

Correct

Microbiology Animation: Horizontal Gene Transfer: Overview

Click here to complete this activity.

Then answer the questions.

Part A
A recombinant cell
ANSWER:

donates DNA into a new cell.

is the result of a cell dividing.

is a cell that receives DNA from an outside source and incorporates it into its own.

Correct

Part B
What is the hallmark of all horizontal gene transfers?

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3/31/2019 Chapter 7 Homework Part II
ANSWER:

The use of plasmids

Transfer of DNA from parent to offspring

Transfer of DNA using a virus

Transfer of DNA between organisms of the same generation

Correct

Part C
Which of the following is an example of horizontal gene transfer in bacteria?

ANSWER:

Transformation

Transduction, conjugation, and transformation

Conjugation

Transduction

Conjugation and transformation

Correct

Microbiology Animation: Transformation

Click here to complete this activity.

Then answer the questions.

Part A
Competent cells are cells that

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3/31/2019 Chapter 7 Homework Part II
ANSWER:

are killed by heat.

can take up DNA from their surrounding environment and integrate it into their own chromosomes by
recombination.

have the ability to produce capsules.

are also considered "rough-strain" based on colony phenotype.

Correct

Part B
Mice that are injected with only the R strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae
ANSWER:

become sick for prolonged periods of time.

stay healthy, because their immune systems can kill this strain easily.

are killed, because R strain cells are deadly.

Correct

Part C
What characteristic of the S strain allows it to evade the immune system of the mice?

ANSWER:

They are genetically engineered to be resistant to killing.

They are naturally competent.

The cells have a capsule.

They are resistant to heat.

Correct

Part D
What most likely explains the recovery of live S strain cells from a mouse injected with heat-killed S strain mixed with live R
strain cells?

ANSWER:

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3/31/2019 Chapter 7 Homework Part II

The R strain picked up the S strain DNA, enabling it to produce a capsule.

The S strain was revived by the presence of the host’s immune system.

The R strain cells picked up the capsules from the S strain cells.

The S strain fused with the R strain, making it resistant.

Correct

Part E
Which finding is most surprising from Griffith’s experiments?

ANSWER:

R strain cells fail to produce a capsule.

S strain cells kill the mice.

S strains are able to escape phagocytosis.

S strain cells are isolated from the blood of mice infected with heat-killed S strains and live R strains.

Correct

Score Summary:
Your score on this assignment is 100%.
You received 2 out of a possible total of 2 points.

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