3/31/2019 Chapter 2 Homework
Chapter 2 Homework
Due: 11:59am on Wednesday, January 9, 2019
You will receive no credit for items you complete after the assignment is due. Grading Policy
Video Tutor: The Structure of Nucleotides
Watch the Video Tutor on The Structure of Nucleotides and then answer the questions below.
Part A
Each nucleotide is composed of a(n) _____.
Hint 1. The components
There are essentially three components to a nucleotide.
ANSWER:
adenine, thymine, guanine, uracil, and cytosine
pentose sugar and a nitrogenous base
pentose sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base
ribose sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base
Correct
There are three main components of all nucleotides.
Part B
Which of the following is NOT a normal function of nucleotides?
Hint 1. Genetics
Nucleotide functions seem to be closely associated with the genes of a cell.
ANSWER:
building blocks of proteins
building blocks of RNA
building blocks of DNA
energy storage molecules
Correct
Amino acids, not nucleotides, are the building blocks of proteins.
Part C
The difference between ribose sugars and deoxyribose sugars is that _____.
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3/31/2019 Chapter 2 Homework
Hint 1. What is in a name?
The difference can be seen in the name itself.
ANSWER:
deoxyribose sugars already have a phosphate attached
ribose sugars have an extra oxygen atom
ribose sugars are six-carbon sugars, whereas deoxyribose sugars are five-carbon sugars
ribose sugars compose purines and deoxyribose sugars compose pyrimidines
Correct
Deoxy- refers to the fact that an oxygen atom is removed.
Part D
Which nitrogenous base is found only in RNA?
Hint 1. One
Most nitrogenous bases are found in both RNA and DNA, but only one is specific to RNA.
ANSWER:
adenine
cytosine
uracil
cytosine
Correct
Uracil is the only nucleotide base found in RNA.
Part E
During the formation of a nucleic acid, such as DNA, the phosphate group of a new nucleotide covalently binds to _____ of the existing string of nucleotides.
Hint 1. Ring
The bond attaches directly to one part of a pentose molecule.
ANSWER:
the 3' carbon
the 5' carbon
the phosphate group
the nitrogenous base
Correct
New nucleotides form a bond between the phosphate group of the new nucleotide and the 3' carbon of the existing chain.
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3/31/2019 Chapter 2 Homework
Part F
Nucleosides differ from nucleotides in that nucleosides _____.
Hint 1. Less is more
Nucleosides travel light.
ANSWER:
have a two-ring nitrogenous base
are missing a sugar
are incapable of forming bonds
are missing a phosphate
Correct
Nucleosides are like nucleotides without the phosphate group attached.
Part G
The high amount of energy stored within a molecule of the nucleotide adenosine triphosphate may be found _____.
Hint 1. Additions
As the length of the molecule increases, so does the energy within these bonds.
ANSWER:
within the bonds of the ribose sugar
within the phosphate-phosphate bonds
within the bond between the nucleoside and the first phosphate
within the bond between the nitrogenous base and ribose sugar
Correct
The covalent bonds between the phosphates release more energy than the sum of the two phosphates independently and are considered high-
energy bonds.
Part H
The nucleotide _____ is an important signaling molecule within many cells.
Hint 1. Subtractions
It is a nucleotide without the high-energy bonds.
ANSWER:
cyclic adenosine monophosphate
adenosine
adenine
adenosine triphosphate
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3/31/2019 Chapter 2 Homework
Correct
Cyclic AMP is useful as a signaling molecule, but not as a major source of energy.
Visualize It! Chapter 2 Figure 1
You will identify the parts of an amino acid.
Part A
Shown is the amino acid tryptophan. Put the letter "C" at the site of every carbon atom. Label the amino group, the carboxyl group, and the side group.
Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. Labels may be used more than once.
ANSWER:
Reset Help
C
Carboxyl
C group
C C
C
Carboxyl
group
C C C
Side C
group
Amino
group
C
Side Amino
group group
Correct
Visualize It! Chapter 2 Figure 2
You will identify the structural levels of a protein.
Part A
Label a portion of the molecule below where the primary structure is visible; label two types of secondary structure; label the tertiary structure.
Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets.
ANSWER:
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3/31/2019 Chapter 2 Homework
Reset Help
Tertiary
Primary structure
structure
Secondary
structure
Beta-pleated
sheet
Alpha-helix
Correct
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