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Elastic Deformation Calculations

1. The document provides solutions to problems involving stress, strain, elastic modulus, yield strength, tensile strength, and modulus of resilience for specimens of aluminum and ductile cast iron under tensile loading. Stress-strain plots are constructed from load-elongation data. 2. Key mechanical properties determined include the elastic modulus, yield strength, tensile strength, and ductility percent elongation. Equations are used to calculate modulus of resilience from yield strength and elastic modulus. 3. Solutions involve computing stresses and strains from loads and dimensions, determining slopes in the elastic region, reading properties from stress-strain plots, and performing calculations with the derived values.

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Muhammad Fahmi Adji
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159 views7 pages

Elastic Deformation Calculations

1. The document provides solutions to problems involving stress, strain, elastic modulus, yield strength, tensile strength, and modulus of resilience for specimens of aluminum and ductile cast iron under tensile loading. Stress-strain plots are constructed from load-elongation data. 2. Key mechanical properties determined include the elastic modulus, yield strength, tensile strength, and ductility percent elongation. Equations are used to calculate modulus of resilience from yield strength and elastic modulus. 3. Solutions involve computing stresses and strains from loads and dimensions, determining slopes in the elastic region, reading properties from stress-strain plots, and performing calculations with the derived values.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Fahmi Adji
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Muhammad Fahmi Adji

181244021
1-Proses Manufaktur
1. A specimen of aluminum having a rectangular cross section 10 mm x 12.7 mm (0.4 in. 0.5 in.) is
pulled in tension with 35,500 N (8000 lbf) force, producing only elastic deformation. Calculate the
resulting strain.
Answer:
𝐹
𝜎=
𝐴
35500 𝑁
=
127 × 10−6 𝑚2
= 279,53 × 106 𝑃𝑎
= 279,53 × 10−3 𝐺𝑃𝑎

𝜎
∈=
𝐸
279,53 × 10−3 𝐺𝑃𝑎
=
69 𝐺𝑃𝑎
= 4,051 × 10−3 𝑚
= 4,051 𝑚𝑚

2. A cylindrical specimen of a titanium alloy having an elastic modulus of 107 GPa (15.5x106psi) and
an original diameter of 3.8 mm (0.15 in.) will experience only elastic deformation when a tensile
load of 2000 N (450 lbf) is applied. Compute the maximum length of the specimen before
deformation if the maximum allowable elongation is 0.42 mm (0.0165 in.).
Answer :
𝐹
𝜎 =
𝐴
2000 𝑁
=
1 2
𝜋𝑑
4
2000 𝑁
=
1 −3
4 × 3,14 × 3,8 × 10
= 670465,98 𝑃𝑎
= 6,7 × 10−4 𝐺𝑃𝑎

𝜎
∈=
𝐸
6,7 × 10−4
=
107
= 0,063 × 10−4 𝑚
∆𝑙
∈=
𝑙0
0,42 × 10−3 𝑚
𝑙0 = = 66,7 𝑚
0,063 × 10−4 𝑚

3. A specimen of ductile cast iron having a rectangular cross section of dimensions 4.8 mm x15.9
3
mm ( in. in.) is deformed in tension. Using the load-elongation data tabulated below,
16
complete problems a through f.

Answer :

This problem calls for us to make a stress-strain plot for a ductile cast iron, given its tensile load-

length data, and then to determine some of its mechanical characteristics.

(a)The data are plotted below on two plots: the first corresponds to the entire stress-
strain curve, while for the second, the curve extends just beyond the elastic region of
deformation.
(b) The elastic modulus is the
slope in the linear elastic region as
∆𝜎 100𝑀𝑃𝑎 − 0𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐸= = = 200 × 103 𝑀𝑃𝑎 = 200𝐺𝑃𝑎(29 × 106 𝑝𝑠𝑖)
∆𝜀 0,0005 − 0

(c)For the yield strength, the 0.002 strain offset line is drawn dashed. It intersects the stress-
strain curve at approximately 280 MPa (40,500 psi).
(d)The tensile strength is approximately 410 MPa (59,500 psi), corresponding to the maximum
stress on the complete stress-strain plot.
(e)From Equation 6.14, the modulus of resilience is just
𝜎𝑦2
𝑈𝑟 =
2𝐸

which, using data computed above, yields a value of

106 𝑁 2
(280 × )
𝑈𝑟 = 𝑚2 = 1,96 × 105 𝐽/𝑚3
2(200 × 109 𝑁/𝑚2)

(f)The ductility, in percent elongation, is just the plastic strain at fracture, multiplied by one-
hundred. The total fracture strain at fracture is 0.185; subtracting out the elastic strain (which is
about 0.001) leaves a plastic strain of 0.184. Thus, the ductility is about 18.4%EL.

4. A cylindrical specimen of aluminum having a diameter of 0.505 in. (12.8 mm) and a gauge length
of 2.000 in. (50.800 mm) is pulled in tension. Use the load–elongation characteristics tabulated
below to complete problems a through f.
Solution

This problem calls for us to make


a stress-strain plot for aluminum, given its
tensile load-length data, and then to determine
some of its mechanical characteristics.
(a)The data are plotted below on two plots: the first corresponds to the entire stress-
strain curve, while for the second, the curve extends to just beyond the elastic region of deformation.
(b) The elastic modulus is the slope in the linear elastic region as
∆𝜎 200𝑀𝑃𝑎 − 0𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐸= = = 62.5 × 103 𝑀𝑃𝑎 = 62.5𝐺𝑃𝑎(9.1 × 106 𝑝𝑠𝑖)
∆𝜀 0,0032 − 0
(c)For the yield strength, the 0.002 strain offset line is drawn dashed. It intersects the stress-
strain curve at approximately 285 MPa (41,000 psi ).

(d)The tensile strength is approximately 370 MPa (54,000 psi), corresponding to the maximum
stress on the complete stress-strain plot.
(e)The ductility, in percent elongation, is just the plastic strain at fracture, multiplied by one-
hundred. The total fracture strain at fracture is 0.165; subtracting out the elastic strain (which is about
0.005) leaves a plastic strain of 0.160. Thus, the ductility is about 16%EL.
(f)From the modulus of resilience is just
𝜎𝑦2
𝑈𝑟 =
2𝐸

which, using data computed above, yields a value of

(285 × 103 𝑀𝑃𝑎)2


𝑈𝑟 = = 0.65 × 105 𝐽/𝑚3
2(62.5 × 103 𝑀𝑃𝑎)

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