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Microprocessor Memory and I/O Addressing Analysis

The document discusses a hypothetical 16-bit microprocessor and its memory and I/O addressing capabilities. It can directly access up to 64KB of memory using its 16-bit addresses if connected to a 16-bit memory, and up to 8KB if connected to an 8-bit memory. Architectural features like separate I/O address spaces allow it to access peripherals independently of memory. If it supports 8-bit I/O ports specified in instructions, it can address 256 8-bit ports or 65536 16-bit ports.

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8 views3 pages

Microprocessor Memory and I/O Addressing Analysis

The document discusses a hypothetical 16-bit microprocessor and its memory and I/O addressing capabilities. It can directly access up to 64KB of memory using its 16-bit addresses if connected to a 16-bit memory, and up to 8KB if connected to an 8-bit memory. Architectural features like separate I/O address spaces allow it to access peripherals independently of memory. If it supports 8-bit I/O ports specified in instructions, it can address 256 8-bit ports or 65536 16-bit ports.

Uploaded by

kal
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© All Rights Reserved
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3.

4) Consider a hypothetical microprocessor generating a 16-bit address (for example,


assume that the program counter and the address registers are 16 bits wide) and having a
16-bit data bus.
a. What is the maximum memory address space that the processor can access directly
if it is connected to a “16-bit memory”?
b. What is the maximum memory address space that the processor can access directly
if it is connected to an “8-bit memory”?
c. What architectural features will allow this microprocessor to access a separate
“I/O space”?
d. If an input and an output instruction can specify an 8-bit I/O port number, how
many 8-bit I/O ports can the microprocessor support? How many 16-bit I/O ports?
Explain.

6.1) Justify Equation 6.1. That is, explain how each of the three terms on the right-
handside of the equation contributes to the value on the left-hand side
6.4) Consider a magnetic disk drive with 8 surfaces, 512 tracks per surface,
and 64 sectorsper track. Sector size is 1 kB. The average seek time is 8 ms, the
track-to-track accesstime is 1.5 ms, and the drive rotates at 3600 rpm.
Successive tracks in a cylinder can beread without head movement.
a. What is the disk capacity?
b. What is the average access time? Assume this file is stored in successive sectors
and tracks of successive cylinders, starting at sector 0, track 0, of cylinder i.
c. Estimate the time required to transfer a 5-MB file.
d. What is the burst transfer rate?
7.1) On a typical microprocessor, a distinct I/O address is used to refer to the I/O data
registers and a distinct address for the control and status registers in an I/O controller
for a given device. Such registers are referred to as ports. In the Intel 8088, two I/O
instruction formats are used. In one format, the 8-bit opcode specifies an I/O operation;
this is followed by an 8-bit port address. Other I/O opcodes imply that the port
address is in the 16-bit DX register. How many ports can the 8088 address in each I/O
addressing mode?

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