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Wind Velocities and Pressures Design To BS3: Chapter V:Part 2: 1972 Revision: 0
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1 Characteristic wind pressure, Wk = 0.613Vs2 N/m2
where :
Vs = design wind speed in m/s
= VS1S2S3
V = basic wind speed in m/s
(read from adjoining map)
S1 = multiplying factor relating to topology
S2 = multiplying factor relating to height above ground and wind braking
S3 = multiplying factor related to life of structure
2 Values of factor S1
S1 may generally always be taken as unity excet in the following cases :
• On sites adversely affected by very exposed hill slopes and
crests where wind acceleration is known to occur: S1 = 1.1
• On sites in enclosed steep-sided valleys completely sheltered S1 = 0.9
from winds:
3 Values of factor S3
• S3 is a probability factor relating the likelihood of the
design wind speed being exceeded to the probable life
of the structure. A value of unity is recommended for
general use and corresponds to an excessive speed
occuring once in fifty years.
• S3 is a probability
= 1 factor relating the likelihood of the
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1 Basic wind speed, V = 38.4 m/s
2 S1 = 0.9 = 0.9
3 S2 = 0.88 Table 2
4 S3 = 1 = 1
5 Design wind speed, Vs = VS1S2S3
= 30.41 m/s
6 Characteristic wind pressure, Wk = 0.613Vs2
= 566.99 N/m2
7 External pressure coefficient, Cpe = 1.0
8 Width of wind blow, w = 2.2 m
9 Wind load = w x Cpe x Wk
= 1.247 N/mm height
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TABLE 1: TABLE 2:
Topo- Height of structure h (m)
Relation between Structure graphical 5 10 15 20 30 40 50 60 80 100 120 140
design wind speed Vs factor
and characteristic
wind pressure ωk Cladding etc. 1 0.88 1.00 1.03 1.06 1.09 1.12 1.14 1.15 1.18 1.20 1.22 1.24
2 0.79 0.93 1.00 1.03 1.07 1.10 1.12 1.14 1.17 1.19 1.21 1.22
Vs ωk 3 0.70 0.78 0.88 0.95 1.01 1.05 1.08 1.10 1.13 1.16 1.18 1.20
(m/s) (N/m2) 4 0.60 0.67 0.74 0.79 0.90 0.97 1.02 1.05 1.10 1.13 1.15 1.17
10 61
12 88 1 0.83 0.95 0.99 1.01 1.05 1.08 1.10 1.12 1.15 1.17 1.19 1.20
14 120 > 50 m 2 0.74 0.88 0.95 0.98 1.03 1.06 1.08 1.10 1.13 1.16 1.18 1.19
16 157 3 0.65 0.74 0.83 0.90 0.97 1.01 1.04 1.06 1.10 1.12 1.15 1.17
18 199 Maximum 4 0.55 0.62 0.69 0.75 0.85 0.93 0.98 1.02 1.07 1.10 1.13 1.15
20 245 vertical or
maximum
22 297 horizontal 1 0.78 0.90 0.94 0.96 1.00 1.03 1.06 1.08 1.11 1.13 1.15 1.17
24 353 dimension > 50 m 2 0.70 0.83 0.91 0.94 0.98 1.01 1.04 1.06 1.09 1.12 1.14 1.16
26 414 3 0.60 0.69 0.78 0.85 0.92 0.96 1.00 1.02 1.06 1.09 1.11 1.13
28 481 4 0.50 0.58 0.64 0.70 0.79 0.89 0.94 0.98 1.03 1.07 1.10 1.12
30 552
32 628 Notes: Topographical factors
34 709
36 794 h is height ( in metres ) above general level of terrain to top of 1. open country with no obstructions
38 885 structure or part of structure. Increase to be made for structures 2. open country with scattered wind-breaks
40 981 on edge of cliff or steep hill 3. country with many wind-breaks; small towns; suburbs of large cities
4. city centres and other environments with large and
42 1080 frequent obstructions.
44 1190
46 1300
48 1410
50 1530
52 1660
54 1790
56 1920
58 2060
60 2210
62 2360
64 2510
66 2670
68 2830
70 3000
TABLE 3:
External pressure coefficient Cpe for roofs of clad buildings
Building h > b/2 b/2 < h > 3b/2 3b/2 < h > 6b
height ratio
Wind at Wind Wind at Wind Wind at Wind
right angles to parallel right angles to parallel right angles to parallel
Slope building to building building to building building to building
of roof Windward Leeward
(deg.) slope slope
160 180 200
1.25 1.26 1.27
1.24 1.25 1.26
1.21 1.23 1.24
1.19 1.20 1.22
1.22 1.23 1.24
1.21 1.22 1.24
1.18 1.20 1.21
1.17 1.19 1.21
1.19 1.20 1.21
1.18 1.19 1.21
1.15 1.17 1.18
1.14 1.16 1.18
aks; small towns; suburbs of large cities
onments with large and