HDFC Bank: Financial Analysis Overview
HDFC Bank: Financial Analysis Overview
• INTRODUCTION
• OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
• BACKGROUN OF HDFC
• HISTORY OF HDFC
• MANAGEMENT OF HDFC
• HDFC POSITION RELATIVE TO ITS INDUSTRY
• IMPACT OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON THE RISK AND
RETURN OF A FIRM
ICICI
• BACKGROUN OF HDFC
• HISTORY OF HDFC
• MANAGEMENT OF HDFC
• HDFC POSITION RELATIVE TO ITS INDUSTRY
• IMPACT OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON THE RISK AND
RETURN OF A FIRM
HDFC Bank was incorporated in August 1994 in the name of 'HDFC Bank Limited',
with its registered office in Mumbai, India. The Bank commenced operations as a
Scheduled Commercial Bank in January 1995.
The housing development finance Corporation Limited (HDFC) was amongst the first
to receive an 'in principle' approval from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to set up a
bank in the private sector, as part of the RBI's liberalization of the Indian Banking
Industry in 1994
Headquartered in Mumbai, HDFC Bank, has a network of over 531 branches spread
over 228 cities across India. All branches are linked on an online real-time basis.
Customers in over 120 locations are serviced through Telephone Banking. The Bank
also has a network of about over 1054 networked ATMs across these cities.
OBJECTIVE
To analyse the financial position of the bank, and seeking its relation to other
competitors, credit availability, share price valuation from last 3 years, capital
structure of the company, liquidity position of the company, the value of firm in the
industry. I will also analyse that how these credit ratings and liquidity position of the
company and the free capital structure of the company is helping in its operations.
From the history and background of the company I will see the goodwill of the bank
and what are main core areas in which it deals.
Mumbai, Maharashtra
Auditors
Name Designation
CAPITAL STRUCTURE
YEAR 2008-09
INSTRUMENT EQUITY
AUTHORISED CAPITAL 214.75cr
ISSUED CAPITAL 214.75cr
Share no’s 425384109
PAID UP: face value 10
: capital 214.75cr
YEAR 2007-08
INSTRUMENT EQUITY
AUTHORISED CAPITAL 214.75cr
ISSUED CAPITAL 214.75cr
Share no’s 354432920
PAID UP: face value 10
: capital 214.75cr
YEAR 2006-07
INSTRUMENT EQUITY
AUTHORISED CAPITAL 214.75cr
ISSUED CAPITAL 214.75cr
Share no’s 319389608
PAID UP: face value 10
: capital 214.75cr
Market Capital 89259.94 crs
Earning Per Share(TTM) 52.77
P/E 32.54
P/C 28.77
Book Value 320.80
Price/Book 6.08
Div(%) 100.00%
Div Yield(%) 0.51
Market Lot 1.00
Interpretation:
• The number of shares in the bank is increasing, i.e. in the year 2006-07 it was
319389608 shares which increases to 354432920 shares in the year 2007-08
and in 2008-09 it was 425384109 shares. I have analysed from the study that
the equity share capital of the bank was Rs 319.39 crs in the year 2006-07
and this has increased to 425.38 in 2008-09 thus increasing the number of
shares. The earning per share which I have analysed by dividing the total
earnings and number of shares is 52.77 which is good for the bank .
• The rise in earning per share creates demand for its share in the market. Now
the current price of the share is Rs 1950 instead of its book value which is Rs
320.
• The increase in number of shares of the bank in the preceding years clarifies
that the bank has gone through expansion. And It is also clear from the
increase in capital over years that the bank has increases its area of
operations.
• Here company did not issue a debenture. That’s why we can say that this is a
unlevered firm. Unlevered firms are those firms which did not take any risk.
COMPANY POSITION RELATIVE TO INDUSTRY
HDFC Bank and
Competitors [36]
Net Worth (Capital Capital
% of Net NPA
Bank Reserve) in INR Adequacy Ratio
to Net advance
billion (%)
State bank of India 490.33 1.78 13.47
ICICI Bank 468.20 1.55 13.97
Punjab National
123.18 0.64 12.96
Bank
HDFC Bank 114.97 0.47 13.60
Bank of Baroda 110.44 0.47 12.91
Bank of India 105.89 0.52 12.95
Canara Bank 105.00 0.84 13.25
IDBI Bank 88.20 1.30 11.95
Axis Bank 87.69 0.42 13.73
Union Bank of India 73.48 0.17 12.51
Central Bank of India 59.43 1.45 10.42
Oriental Bank of
57.76 0.99 12.12
Commerce
Allahabad Bank 52.21 0.80 12.04
From this table we can sa that company position relative to its industry is very
good ,because here only two banks are there which have a more capital adequacy
ratio then the HDFC banks ,and other banks have a less capital adequacy ratio then
the HDFC bank ,so we can say that company position is good ,and if they want to
come at top then the finance manager has to take a different steps like they have to
more focus on the cost control techniques.
CHANGE IN SHARE PRICE IN 3 YEARS
YEAR Rs (crs)
INTERPRETATION:
The price of share in 2007 was approximately 960 which increases to 1320 in 2008.
This means that the company has gained more market value, from the balance sheet
and profit and loss account I have analysed that the equity share capital of the bank
has increased from 309 in 2005 to 425 in 2009. This means that the company has
widen its operations. I have analysed the profit and loss account from which I come to
know that the selling and distribution expenses of the company has increased.
And when selling expenses are increasing, it is obvious that the sales are also
increasing. When sales are increasing the demand and market value for share
increases and thus increase the price of share.
There may be many other reasons in the fluctuations of the share price in these three
years.
These are ads follows;
Mar '05 Mar '06 Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09
12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths
Capital and Liabilities:
Total Share Capital 309.88 313.14 319.39 354.43 425.38
Equity Share Capital 309.88 313.14 319.39 354.43 425.38
Share Application Money 0.43 0.07 0.00 0.00 400.92
Preference Share Capital 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Reserves 4,209.97 4,986.39 6,113.76 11,142.80 14,226.43
Revaluation Reserves 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Net Worth 4,520.28 5,299.60 6,433.15 11,497.23 15,052.73
Deposits 36,354.25 55,796.82 68,297.94 100,768.60142,811.58
Borrowings 5,290.01 4,560.48 2,815.39 4,478.86 2,685.84
Total Debt 41,644.26 60,357.30 71,113.33 105,247.46145,497.42
Other Liabilities & Provisions5,264.46 7,849.49 13,689.13 16,431.91 22,720.62
Total Liabilities 51,429.00 73,506.39 91,235.61 133,176.60183,270.77
Mar '05 Mar '06 Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09
12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths
Assets
Cash & Balances with RBI 2,650.13 3,306.61 5,182.48 12,553.18 13,527.21
Balance with Banks, Money
1,823.87 3,612.39 3,971.40 2,225.16 3,979.41
at Call
Advances 25,566.30 35,061.26 46,944.78 63,426.90 98,883.05
Investments 19,349.81 28,393.96 30,564.80 49,393.54 58,817.55
Gross Block 1,290.51 1,589.47 1,917.56 2,386.99 3,956.63
Accumulated Depreciation 582.19 734.39 950.89 1,211.86 2,249.90
Net Block 708.32 855.08 966.67 1,175.13 1,706.73
Capital Work In Progress 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Other Assets 1,330.57 2,277.09 3,605.48 4,402.69 6,356.83
Total Assets 51,429.00 73,506.39 91,235.61 133,176.60183,270.78
Contingent Liabilities 84,585.95 138,898.60202,126.73582,835.94396,594.31
Bills for collection 5,342.70 5,239.26 7,211.88 17,092.85 17,939.62
Book Value (Rs) 145.86 169.24 201.42 324.38 344.44
INTERPRETATION:
The assets of the bank in year 2005 were Rs 2650 which increased to Rs 13527 Crs in
the year 2009. This shows that the bank has expand a lot within 4 years. it has
increased its assets by nearly 5 times. Depreciation has increased from582.9 in 2005
to Rs 2249.90 Crs in 2009, this means that the bank has invested in its fixed assets.
The bank has invested Rs 58817 in 2009 as compared to Rs19350 Crs in the year
2005. This shows that the company has increases its area of operation. The cash and
bank balance of the company was Rs2650.13 Crs in the year 2005 which increase to
Rs 13527.21 Crs in the year 2009. So this is increasing its value among other banks.
The liabilities of the company are also increasing ie. It was Rs 51429 Crs in the year
2005 and after wards with the increase in its business over other banks its liabilities
increases and thus positively affects its growth.
Interpretation:
The total income of the bank in the year 2005 was Rs 3093.49 crs which increases to
Rs 16332.26 in year 2009 and when we compare it with the expenditures which are
2877.23 in the year 2005 and than increases to 17557.26 in the year 2009. the bank
has problem as it has increased its expenses and the income they are earning is at the
same pace. The company can increase its earning per share by lowering its selling and
distribution expenses.
For the year ended March 31, 2010, the Bank earned total income of Rs. 19,980.5
crores. Net revenues (net interest income plus other income) for the year ended March
31, 2010 were Rs. 12,194.2 crores, up by 13.8% over Rs. 10,711.8 crores for the year
ended March 31, 2009. The Bank’s net profit for year ended March 31, 2010 was Rs.
2,948.7 crores, up 31.3%, over the year ended March 31, 2009. Consolidated net
profit for the Bank increased by 33.6% to Rs. 3,003.7 crores for the year ended March
31,
The Bank earned total income of Rs. 4,956.7 crores. Net revenues were Rs. 3,254.9
crores. Net interest income was Rs. 2,351.4 crores, up by 27% over the quarter ended
March 31, 2009. This was because of the loan growth and a core net interest margin
for the quarter of 4.4%. Other incomes was Rs. 903.6 crores. The main contributor to
other income was fees & commissions of Rs. 765.3 crores, up by 5.7% over Rs. 723.7
crores in the preceding quarter ended December 31, 2009 The other major
component of other income was foreign exchange & derivatives revenue of Rs. 180.1
crore. With an increase in bond yields, the Bank incurred a loss of Rs. 47.3 crores on
revaluation sale of investments for the quarter ended March 31, 2010 as against a
profit of Rs.
243.6 crores in the quarter ended March 31, 2009.
Operating expenses for the quarter were Rs. 1,560.5 crores, an increase of 11.8% over
Rs. 1,396.2 crores during the corresponding quarter of the previous year. The ratio of
operating expenses to net revenues was 47.9%. For the quarter ended March 31,
2010, the profit before tax at Rs.1,254.5 crores grew by 37.4% over the corresponding
quarter of the previous year. After providing Rs. 417.8 crores for taxation, the Bank
earned a Net Profit of Rs. 836.6 crores, an increase of 32.6% over the quarter ended
march 31,2009
The Bank has its deposit programs rated by two rating agencies – Credit Analysis &
Research Limited (CARE) and Fitch Ratings India Private Limited. Which represents
instruments considered to be "of the best quality, carrying negligible investment risk".
CARE has also rated the bank's Certificate of Deposit (CD) programme which
represents "superior capacity for repayment of short term promissory obligations".
Fitch Ratings India Pvt. Ltd. has assigned the rating to the Bank's deposit programme,
with the outlook on the rating as "stable". This rating indicates "highest credit
quality" where "protection factors are very high". The Bank also has its long term
unsecured, subordinated (Tier II) Bonds rated by CARE and Fitch Ratings India
Private Limited and its Tier I perpetual Bonds and Upper Tier II Bonds rated by
CARE and CRISIL Ltd. CARE has assigned the rating of "CARE AAA" for the
subordinated
Tier II Bonds while Fitch Ratings India Pvt. Ltd. has assigned the rating "AAA (ind)"
with the outlook on the rating as "stable". CARE has also assigned "CARE AAA
[Triple A]" for the
Banks Perpetual bond and Upper Tier II bond issues. CRISIL has assigned the rating
"AAA / Stable" for the Bank's Perpetual Debt programme and Upper Tier II Bond
issue. In each of the cases referred to above, the ratings awarded were the highest
assigned by the rating agency for those instruments.
As we know that if company take a more risk then they earn a more profit, because
we know that where there is risk there is a gain. so according this statement we can
say that company did not issue any debenture ,means company did not taking any
type of risk. So we can say that company is a risk avoider and also a unlevered firm.
ICICI BANK
Overview:
ICICI Bank is India's second-largest bank with total assets of Rs. 3,446.58
billion at March 31, 2007 and profit after tax of Rs. 31.10 billion for fiscal 2007.
ICICI Bank is the most valuable bank in India in terms of market capitalization and is
ranked third amongst all the companies listed on the Indian stock exchanges in terms
of free float market capitalisation. The Bank has a network of about 950 branches and
3,300 ATMs in India and presence in 17 countries. ICICI Bank offers a wide range of
banking products and financial services to corporate and retail customers through a
variety of delivery channels and through its specialised subsidiaries and affiliates in
the areas of investment banking, life and non-life insurance, venture capital and asset
management. The Bank currently has subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, Russia and
Canada, branches in Singapore, Bahrain, Hong Kong, Sri Lanka and Dubai
International Finance Centre and representative offices in the United States, United
Arab Emirates, China, South Africa, Bangladesh, Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia.
ICICI Bank's equity shares are listed in India on Bombay Stock Exchange and the
National Stock Exchange of India Limited..
History:
Background
ICICI Bank is India's second-largest bank and largest private sector bank, with total
assets of EUR 46.1 billion for the quarter ending 30 June,2006. Currently, ICICI
Bank has a network of approximately 630 branches and extension counters, along
with 2,325 [Link] bank offers a wide range of banking products and financial
services to its corporate and retail customers through a variety of delivery channels
and specialised subsidiaries. Its services include investment banking, life and non-life
insurance, venture capital and asset management. ICICI Bank, originally promoted in
1994 by ICICI Limited (an Indian financial institution), was the latter’s wholly-
owned subsidiary. ICICI Ltd merged into ICICI Bank in 2002. The equity shares of
ICICI Bank are listed in India on the Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock
Exchange of India Limited, and its American Depositary Receipts are listed on the
New York Stock Exchange.
K. V. Kamath
Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer
♦ ICICI Bank has won the Reader’s Digest Trusted Brand Gold Award for
the Bank category in India in 2008.
Features:
♦ Acceptance of
• Credit Cards : Visa, MasterCard
• Debit Cards : Visa Electron, Maestro
♦ State of the art terminal
♦ Zero Balance ICICI Bank account with Cheque book
♦ Direct account credits to ICICI Bank account for settlement amounts
♦ New network
♦ Fast transaction speeds
♦ Merchant Training on Usage and Fraud prevention
♦ Prompt Service
♦ Access to ICICI Banks vast portfolio of finance products for your
business and family needs
♦ 24x 7 Merchant service desk to address queries
♦ Presence in all the leading metro cities across India
Mar '05 Mar '06 Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09
Assets
Cash & Balances with RBI 6,344.90 8,934.37 18,706.88 29,377.53 17,536.33
Balance with Banks, Money at Call 6,585.07 8,105.85 18,414.45 8,663.60 12,430.23
Balance sheet shows that company is increasing their assets year by year but it’s also increase their liabilities
So it means that company is managing their liquidation position. Total asset of company increase year by year
which is good for company
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• Profit and loss account
Mar '05 Mar '06 Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09
Income
Expenditure
Mar '05 Mar '06 Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09
Net Profit for the Year 2,005.20 2,540.07 3,110.22 4,157.73 3,758.13
Appropriations
According to the p&l account company has high total income as compare to the total expenses. But
Company is increasing their income after 2007 its means that company more focused or increase their
long term investments.
•
Capital Structure
Interpretation:
As we can see the company last 5 to 6 year capital structure position it remain same,
so we say that the company have smooth running for long term as it is shown
above(last five year capital is 214.75cr)
Another thing is that company is not issuing a debenture ,so we can say that this
company is unlevered firm
Company position of ICICI in relative industry
Net Worth (Capital Reserve) in % of Net NPA to Net Capital Adequacy Ratio
Bank
INR billion advance (%)
Oriental Bank of
57.76 0.99 12.12
Commerce
Interputation
• From this table we can say that company position relative to its industry is
very good, because here no banks are there which have a more capital
adequacy ratio then the ICICI banks ,and other banks have a less capital
adequacy ratio then the ICICI bank so we can say that company position is
very good ,and if they want to retain the number one position then the finance
manager has to do a work as like as they are doing.
ICICI Bank’s financial position sound; rumours baseless and malicious:
ICICI Bank Limited (NYSE: IBN) is aware that rumours are being repeatedly
circulated in certain centres regarding the financial strength of the Bank. The Bank
states that these rumours are baseless and malicious. As these rumours could create
concern among the Bank’s customers, the Bank reiterates that:
• ICICI Bank has a very strong capital position, having proactively raised Rs. 20,000
crore (about US$ 5 billion) in June 2007, almost doubling its capital base. It has a net
worth of over Rs. 47,000 crore (i.e. over US$ 10 billion) and a capital adequacy ratio
of 13.4% at June 30, 2008, as against the regulatory requirement of 9.0%. This is
among the highest levels of capital adequacy in large Indian banks. This reflects the
healthy capital position and comfortable level of leverage. Its Banking and non-
banking subsidiaries are also well-capitalised.
• ICICI Bank has consolidated total assets of over Rs. 484,000 crore (over US$ 105
billion), which is diversified across a wide range of asset classes in India and
overseas.
• ICICI Bank is profitable. It made a profit after tax of Rs. 4,158 crore
(over US$ 900 million) in FY2008 and Rs. 728 crore (over US$ 155
million) in the first quarter of this year. This was due to the strong core
performance, which more than offset the impact of adverse debt and
equity market conditions in India and globally since the second half of
FY2008.
MUMBAI: Credit rating agency CARE has reaffirmed its highest safety ratings of
AAA and PR1+ assigned to the various long and short-term instruments of ICICI
Bank Ltd.
The ratings factors in ICICI Bank's financial strength, strong market position,
proactive management, measures taken by the bank to diversify and reduce its loan
portfolio risk among others, CARE said in a release here on Tuesday.
The agency also cited ICICI bank's "strong" technology infrastructure, "significant"
retail reach and satisfactory capital adequacy for the reaffirmation of the ratings.
CARE said it has taken note of media reports on rumours regarding ICICI Bank's
financial position and subsequent withdrawals by depositors, and added the bank had
"swiftly" put in place the necessary logistics and administrative support systems to
ensure availability of sufficient funds.
The rating agency said the steps taken by the bank and assurance by the regulator
have reinforced confidence in ICICI Bank.
Credit rating agency CRISIL had reaffirmed its ratings on ICICI Bank on Tuesday,
after rumours of a liquidity crunch resulted in a panic withdrawal by depositors last
week.
Even in the number of customers ICICI Bank leads by a distance . Nearly 14 million
customers bank with ICICI Bank, while the number for HDFC Bank is less than half
(6.4 million).
ICICI Bank has issued 3 million credit cards -- that is more than twice the number of
HDFC Bank's credit card users. However, industry observers point out that ICICI
Bank's effective users for credit cards may not be high.
Nonetheless, they concede that even with a discounted customer base, the numbers
will still be strong. Even in businesses like online trading where the risks are
relatively low, ICICI Bank commands a two-thirds market share.
So as per the figures we can say that no doubt ICICI have a very strong position in the
market in the form of goodwill or assets but when we talk about the margin rate then
we can say that hdfc is earning more margin then the ICICI that is 3.2 .
Reference
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