Sekolah Sultan Alam Shah
Parcel G Presint 1, Putrajaya
CHEMISTRY
CAHPTER 8: SALT
PROGRAM AKADEMIK TINGKATAN 4
PANITIA KIMIA SAS
NAME : _______________________________________
CLASS : _______________________________________
1
PREPARATION OF SALT
SALTS
SOLUBLE SALTS INSOLUBLE SALTS
ALL Na, K, NH4+ ALL Nitrate, NO3- ALL Sulphate, SO4-2 ALL Chloride, Cl- ALL Carbonate, CO3-2
Pb, Ag, Hg
Pb, Ba, Ca
ACID + METAL → SALT + H2
ACID + METAL OXIDE → SALT + H2O 2 SOLUBLE SALTS → SALT + PRECIPITATE
ACID + ALKALI → SALT + WATER
ACID + METAL CARBONATE→ SALT + CO2 + H2O
2
Mastery Exercise 8.1
State whether each of the following salt is soluble or insoluble in water.
No Formula of Salt Solubility ( , X ) No Formula of Salt Solubility ( , X )
1 PbCO3 21 MgCO3
2 NaCl 22 KCl
3 CaSO4 23 (NH4)2SO4
4 AgNO3 24 Cu(NO3)2
5 K2CO3 25 SnCO3
6 AlCl3 26 CaCl2
7 Na2SO4 27 BaSO4
8 NH4NO3 28 KNO3
9 CuSO4 29 Ag2CO3
10 PbCl2 30 MgCl2
11 ZnCO3 31 Ag2SO4
12 Ca(NO3)2 32 Ba(NO3)2
13 Na2CO3 33 FeCO3
14 AgCl 34 NH4Cl
15 PbSO4 35 Fe(NO3)3
16 Pb(NO3)2 36 MgSO4
17 (NH4)2CO3 37 BaCO3
18 HgCl2 38 ZnCl2
19 Na2SO4 39 FeSO4
20 NaNO3 40 Mg(NO3)2
3
SOLUBLE SALTS : ALL Na+, K+, NH4+ Salt
ACID + ALKALI → SALT + WATER
Metal Ions K+
Sulphate Salt
(H2SO4)
Chloride Salt
(HCl)
Nitrate Salt
(HNO3)
Carbonate Salt
(H2CO3)
Metal Ions Na+
Sulphate Salt
(H2SO4)
Chloride Salt
(HCl)
Nitrate Salt
(HNO3)
Carbonate Salt
(H2CO3)
Metal Ions NH4+
Sulphate Salt
(H2SO4)
Chloride Salt
(HCl)
Nitrate Salt
(HNO3)
Carbonate Salt
(H2CO3)
4
Mastery Exercise 8.2:
Describe the preparation of soluble salts of Na, K and NH 4+
SOLUBLE SALT SODIUM CHLORIDE, NaCl
1. …………..………………………………………..……………………..
Name two chemical substances
to prepare the salt
2. ……………………………………………………………………………
Chemical equation
Procedure: (Diagram) Description
5
SOLUBLE SALTS : NO3-, SO42-, Cl- Salt
1. ACID + METAL → SALT + H2
2. ACID + METAL OXIDE → SALT + H2O
3. ACID + METAL CARBONATE → SALT + CO2 + H2O
Metal Sulphate Salt Chloride Salt Nitrate Salt
Ions (H2SO4) (HCl) (HNO3)
Mg2+
Zn2+
Pb2+
Cu2+
Al3+
Fe2+
Ag+
Ba2+
6
Mastery Exercise 8.3:
Describe the preparation of soluble salts (not Na, K, NH 4+ salt)
Soluble salt Magnesium nitrate, Mg (NO3)2
1. …………..………………………………………………………………....
Name two chemical substances to
prepare the salt
2. ………………………………………………………………………………
Chemical equation
Procedure: (Diagram) Description
7
Mastery Exercise 8.4:
Describe the preparation of soluble salts (not Na, K, NH4+ salt)
Soluble salt Copper(II) sulphate, CuSO4
1. …………..………………………………………………………………....
Name two chemical substances to
prepare the salt
2. ………………………………………………………………………………
Chemical equation
Procedure: (Diagram) Description
8
INSOLUBLE SALTS : ALL CO3-2 Salt, (Pb, Ag, Hg) Chloride Salt and (Pb, Ba, Ca) Sulphate Salt
2 SOLUBLE SALTS → SALT + PRECIPITATE
Salts Chemical Equation Ionic Equation
MgCO3
ZnCO3
PbCl2
PbSO4
AgCl
BaSO4
CaSO4
CuCO3
9
Mastery Exercise 8.5:
Describe the preparation of insoluble salts
Soluble salt Lead(II) iodide, PbI2
1. ………………………………………..…………………………..
Name two chemical substances to prepare
the salt
2. …………………………………………….………………………
Chemical equation
Ionic equation
Procedure: (Diagram) Description
10
TEST YOURSELF : SALT FORM 4
1 (a) The equation shows the reaction between zinc and acid X. Acid X is a monoprotic acid.
Zn + Acid X → Salt Y + H2
Based on the equation,
(i) suggest acid X and identify salt Y.
[2 marks]
(ii) from your answer in 1(a)(i), write a chemical equation for the reaction
[2 marks]
(b) Diagram 1 shows a flow chart of zinc salts.
ZnSO4
+ Solution R
ZnCl2 ZnCO3 + Salt
Reaction I
ZnSO4
Reaction II + Acid W
Zinc salt
Diagram 1
All the three salts, ZnSO4, ZnCI, and Zn(NO3)2, in Diagram 1 can be converted to ZnCO3, by
reaction I, then ZnCO3 reacts with acid W to form a zinc salt through reaction II.
(i) By choosing one of the three salts in Diagram 1, suggest solution R to prepare zinc
carbonate, ZnCO3.
Write the chemical equation involved and describe a laboratory experiment to prepare
zinc carbonate, ZnCO3.
[8 marks]
(ii) Suggest acid W to prepare any one of the three zinc salt in Diagram 1.
Write a chemical equation involved and describe a laboratory experiment to prepare the
salts.
[8 marks]
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