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RCDF 2004 Example 002
P-M INTERACTION CHECK FOR COMPRESSION-CONTROLLED RECTANGULAR COLUMN
EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
The Demand/Capacity ratio for a given axial loading and moment is tested in this
example.
A reinforced concrete column is subjected to factored axial load N = 1794 kN
and moment My = 448 kN-m. This column is reinforced with five 25M bars. The
design capacity ratio is checked by hand calculations and the result is compared
with a computed result. The column is designed as a short, non-sway member.
GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING
1794 kN
My= 448 kN-m
550mm
A A 60 mm 350mm
3m
Section A-A
Material Properties Section Properties Design Properties
Ec = 25x106 kN/m2 b = 350 m fcu = 30 MPa
ν = 0.2 d = 490 mm fy = 460 MPa
G = 10416666.7kN/m2
TECHNICAL FEATURES TESTED
Tied reinforced concrete column design
RCDF 2004 Example 002 - 1
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RESULTS COMPARISON
Independent results are hand calculated and compared.
Percent
Output Parameter ETABS Independent Difference
Column Demand/Capacity Ratio 0.999 1.00 0.10%
COMPUTER FILE: RCDF 2004 EX002
CONCLUSION
The computed results show an acceptable comparison with the independent
results.
RCDF 2004 Example 002 - 2
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HAND CALCULATION
Column Strength under compression control
fcu = 30 MPa fy = 460 MPa
b = 350 mm d = 490 mm
1) Because e = 250 mm < (2/3)d = 327 mm, assume compression failure. This
assumption will be checked later. Calculate the distance to the neutral axis for a
balanced condition, cb:
Position of neutral axis at balance condition:
600 600
=cb = dt = ( 490 ) 277 mm
600 + f y 600 + 460
2) From the equation of equilibrium:
N = Cc + C s − T
where
= =
Cc 0.85 f *c ab 0.85 • 0.8 • =
30 • 350a 7140a
Cs =As′ ( f y − 0.85 f *c ) =
2500 ( 460 − 0.85 • 0.8 • 30 ) =
1, 099, 000 N
Assume compression steels yields, (this assumption will be checked later).
= T A= s fs 2500 fs ( fs < f y )
N1 =
7140a + 1, 099, 000 − 2500 fs (Eqn. 1)
3) Taking moments about As:
1 a
= N Cc d − + C s ( d − d ′ )
e′ 2
The plastic centroid is at the center of the section and d ′′ = 215 mm
e′ =e + d ′′ =250 + 215 =465 mm
1 a
= N 7140a 490 − + 1, 099, 000 ( 490 − 60 )
465 2
N 2 =7542a − 7.677 a + 1, 016, 280
2
(Eqn. 2)
RCDF 2004 Example 002 - 3
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4) Assume c = 347 mm, which exceeds cb (277 mm).
a = β1a = 0.836 • 347 = 290 mm
Substitute in Eqn. 2:
N 2 = 7542 • 290 − 7.677 ( 290 ) + 1, 016, 280 = 2,557,824 N
2
5) Calculate fs from the strain diagram when c = 365 mm.
490 − 347
=fs = 600 247.3 MPa
347
ε s =εt =fs Es = 0.0012
6) Substitute a = 290 mm and fs = 247.3 MPa in Eqn. 1 to calculate N1:
N1 = 7140 ( 290 ) + 1, 099, 000 − 2500 ( 247.3) = 2,551,350 N
which is very close to the calculated N2 of 2,557,824 (less than 1% difference)
250
= Ne
M = 2552 = 638 kN-m
1000
7) Check if compression steel yields. From strain diagram,
347 - 60
ε s' = ( 0.003) = 0.0025 > ε y = 0.0023
347
Compression steel yields, as assumed.
8) Therefore, section capacity is
N = FR ( 2551) = 1794 kN
M = FR ( 638 ) = 448 kN-m
RCDF 2004 Example 002 - 4