I.

ABSTRACT

Title : Effectiveness of The Implementation of the Comprehensive Juvenile

Alternative Programs in Hermosa, Bataan Towards a Crime -Free
Community
Researcher : Liana M. De Leon
Degree : Master in Public Administration
Institution : Polytechnic University of the Philippines Open University System
Year : 2018
Adviser : Dr. FLORDELIZA E. ALVENDIA

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the implementation of Comprehensive

Juvenile Alternative Programs in Hermosa, Bataan to achieve a crime-free community as

perceived by the PNP, DSWD, LGU, NGO, secondary school teachers and the parents of CICL.

The researcher divided the questionnaires into four (4) parts: demographic profile of the

respondents; programs of CJAP in terms of intervention, diversion, rehabilitation and re-

integration; problems encountered in implementing the said programs; and significant difference

between the levels of assessment of the respondents on CJAP according to their work

affiliation.

Based on the results gathered, the following findings are thereby presented: 1. The

highest percentage of the respondents are under the age bracket of 40 – 46 years old,

predominantly females, college graduate, government affiliated employees and have 6 – 10

years in service on their respective jobs; 2. The most effective programs of CJAP are :

intervention - Livelihood Services and Ronda Barangay; Diversion – Organize quality recreation

and sports activities such as Palarong Bayan and Barangay League; Rehabilitation – Provides

scholarship program/free secondary education and Education and Organization of out-of-school

youths through Alternative Learning School (ALS); and Re-integration – Involvement in Linggo

ng Kabataan. 3. The problem encountered were: Intervention – Lack of cooperation from the

parents of CICL and CAR; Diversion – Insufficient funding; Rehabilitation – Lack of qualified

personnel and proper facilities; and Re-integration – Social stigma such as shame, dishonor,
 2

and disgrace. 4. There is no significant difference on the assessment of the respondents on

CJAP when they are grouped according to work affiliation.

Based on the findings, the government should strictly implement CJAP and provide

appropriate funds, proper facilities and professional personnel to rehabilitate and re-integrate

the CICL in the society.

Keywords: Juvenile Delinquent, CICL, intervention, diversion, rehabilitation, re-integration

 3

II. Introduction

The Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006 (Republic Act No. 9344) is a law which

protects the rights of the children especially those who are Children in Conflict with the Law

(CICL). The law sets the minimum age of criminal responsibility that exempts 15 years of age

and below of criminal responsibility, while those children with ages above 15 years old but less

than 18 years old can also be exempted from criminal liabilities unless they acted with

discernment. The government conducts programs that will help to reform their delinquent acts

and be law-abiding citizens afterwards.

The researcher is interested in the reformation and rehabilitation of Children in Conflict

with the Law (CICL) and Children At Risk (CAR) The researcher believes in allocating a

sufficient budget that will help build a reformation center and hire specialists such as qualified

psychologist, psychiatrist and sufficient number of social workers.

The researcher, with the desire to learn about the effectiveness of the law (RA 9344),

chose to make a study on the effectiveness of the implementation of the Comprehensive

Juvenile Alternative Programs (CJAP) towards a crime free community. She also wanted to

determine not only its effectiveness but also its pros and cons.

This study is entitled “Effectiveness of The Implementation of the Comprehensive

Juvenile Alternative Programs in Hermosa, Bataan: Towards a Crime Free Community” as

perceived by the PNP officers, MSWD employees, LGU of Hermosa, NGO, parents of CICL and

the Secondary School teachers of Hermosa, Bataan in maintaining peace and order in the

community. It attempted to determine whether the implementation of the CJAP would contribute

to maintaining peace and order throughout the municipality.

This study is important and essential to the Public Administration because Juvenile

Delinquency and Public Administration are interrelated. Public Administration is a study that

deals of the behavior, needs, character and reaction of the community. Majority of the
 4

community is comprised by the youth and because of this it calls for a need to study Juvenile

Delinquency which is one of the major problems of the community.

The researcher opted this particular topic on Juvenile Delinquency, purposely to

measure the effectiveness of the implementation of the CJAP and its contribution in maintaining

peace and order in Hermosa.

Under Section 4(e) of RA 9344, A Child in Conflict with the Law (CICL) refers to a child

who is alleged as, accused of, or adjudged as, having committed an offense under Philippine

laws. The children in conflict with the law are youthful offenders known also as chronic juvenile

offenders, chronic delinquents, or chronic recidivists. These are the youth who had been

arrested four or more times during their minority and had perpetuated a striking majority of

serious criminal acts (Seigel, Welch & Sienna, 2006).

In case of Hermosa, Bataan, per PNP records of 2010 – 2014, there were 42 cases of

CICL and there were 30 cases in each of the 23 barangays. In these 30 incidents per barangay,

only 42 cases were pursued. About 10% of the population of the youth in Hermosa, Bataan are

children at risk (CAR). Estimated 12% of cases were resolved and 88% were unresolved.

Parents are not in favor of the law and suggest amendments regarding the age and the case

committed.

It is in light of a legitimate concern for strategy assessment and conceivable revision of

the law; the analyst was provoked to lead this investigation. The analyst trusts that through the

examination, conceivable data sources might be done in Section Six which gives a kid 15 years

old or under at the season of the commission of the offense be exempted from criminal

obligation. Further, as a concerned open worker, and as a barangay secretary of Barangay

Palihan, the analyst esteemed this examination suitable and noteworthy with regards to police

group connection and investment of open authorities in execution and revision to the RA 9344

also called Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006.

 5

Theoretical Framework

Biological or Natural Theory (Cesare Lombroso, 1909) states that reprobate conduct as

inclined and rotates around the possibility that youngsters are destined to be culprits. Cesar

Lombroso is credited for making the major organic hypothesis called Positivism. His hypothesis

expresses that people who grow up carrying out wrongdoings have acquired biochemical and

hereditary components. Lombroso likewise expresses that lawbreakers tend to have certain

facial highlights that are viewed as an inclination to carry out wrongdoing, for example, a

straightened nose and supernumerary teeth.

Social Learning theory (Albert Bandura, 1977) as cited by Atienza (2011) in his study

considered additionally as noteworthy hypothesis that infers that criminal conduct is found

through close relations with others, it affirms that kids are conceived great yet figured out how to

be terrible. This hypothesis expresses that all individuals can possibly move toward becoming

lawbreakers since current society presents numerous open doors for unlawful action yet one

has the decision to not lock in.

Psychodynamic theory of Sigmund Freud cited by Lamag (2003) in his research places it

accentuation on the idea that a fundamental driver of adolescent wrongdoing is the youngsters'

strange identities that were made and created before life. From that point forward, these

"oblivious mental procedures" have been controlling the immature criminal conduct. The Id is

the drive for prompt satisfaction and can clarify wrongdoing acts, for example, shoplifting or

thievery. The conscience is the acknowledgment of genuine and helps control the Id. Superego

creates through communications with guardians and other mindful grown-ups and builds up the

still, small voice of good standards. This psychodynamic approach expresses that horrible

encounters amid early adolescence can keep the self-image and superego from growing

legitimately, along these lines leaving the Id with more noteworthy power.
 6

Conceptual Framework

The researcher used the Input-Process-Output (IPO) concept. The input shows the

research problems, process was the next step to accomplish this study it includes the analysis

and interpretation of data gathered by the researcher through survey questionnaires, then

output shows the result and solution to the problem under study and programs

recommendations.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1. Profile of the Respondents

1.1 Age

1.2 Sex

1.3 Educational Attainment

1.4 Work Affiliation

1.5 Years in Service  Data Collection

2. Level of Effectiveness of through distribution of

CJAP survey questionnaires

2.1 Intervention

2.2 Diversion  Data Interpretation Proposed

2.3 Rehabilitation using frequency and ACTION PLAN

2.4 Integration Percentage

3. Problems encountered in Distribution, Weighted

the implementation of Mean, P-Value, T -test

CJAP. and Chi- Square Test

4. Level of Effectiveness of

CJAP in relation to crime  Data Analysis using

prevention and control. quantitative and

 7

5. Is there significant descriptive analysis of

difference between the the t-test and

assessment of the weighted mean

respondents on the level of results

effectiveness of the CJAP

when they are grouped

according to government

and non-government work

affiliation?

6. Based on the Findings of

the study what courses of

actions can be considered

to promote a crime free

community?

Feedback

Figure 1

Paradigm of the Study

Figure 1 describes the conceptual framework of the study wherein input is composed of

the profile of the respondents (age, sex, educational attainment, years in service and work

affiliation) and the level of effectiveness of CJAP in terms of: intervention, diversion,

rehabilitation and reintegration.

 8

Statement of the Problem

The general purpose of this study was to evaluate performance of the Comprehensive

Juvenile Alternative Programs under the Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act (R.A. 9344) in the

Municipality of Hermosa, Bataan as basis for improvement and achievement of a crime free

community.

This study endeavored to provide details about the effectiveness of the implementation

of Comprehensive Juvenile Alternative Programs and its effectiveness in maintaining peace and

order situation in Hermosa, Bataan.

Specifically, the study sought to find answers to the following questions:

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1 Age;

1.2 Sex;

1.3 Educational Attainment;

1.4 Work Affiliation;

1.5 Years in Service?

2. What is the level of effectiveness of the implementation of Comprehensive Juvenile

Alternative Programs (CJAP) in terms of:

2.1 Intervention;

2.2 Diversion;

2.3 Rehabilitation;

2.4 Reintegration

3. What are the problems encountered in the implementation of Comprehensive Juvenile

Alternative Programs (CJAP) in terms of:

 9

3.1 Intervention;

3.2 Diversion;

3.3 Rehabilitation;

3.4 Reintegration?

4. What is the level of Effectiveness of CJAP in relation to crime prevention and control?

5. Is there a significant difference in the assessment of the respondents on the level of

effectiveness of the CJAP when they are grouped according to government and non-

government work affiliation?

6. Based on the findings of the study what courses of actions can be considered to promote a

crime free community?

Scope and limitations of the Study

This study was primarily concerned with the implementation of the Comprehensive

Juvenile Alternative Program and its effectiveness in maintaining peace and order, and the

development of the youth in Hermosa, Bataan for them to be productive citizens as perceived

the one hundred eighty-two (182) selected respondents divided into the following: thirty-seven

(37) respondents from PNP; ten (10) respondents from the DSWD; twenty-three (23)

respondents from each Punong barangay office, the town Mayor, Vice Mayor and SB members;

(8) fifty-three (53) teachers from the secondary school in Hermosa, Bataan including their

school principals; seven (7) heads of NGO, who were working within the municipality of

Hermosa, Bataan in their respective departments and the parents of forty-two (42) children that

were charged of being CICL.

 10

METHODS

The researcher utilized the descriptive evaluation method of research to ascertain the

facts concerning the present status of the situation and gather information regarding the

effectiveness of implementing RA 9344 (The Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006) to the

peace and order situation in Hermosa, Bataan. The principal aim in employing this method was

to describe the nature of a situation that existed at the time of the study and explore the causes

of particular phenomena.

Population Size

The researcher used the responses of one hundred eighty-two (182) selected

respondents which was 100% total population of each office that was directly involved in

implementing CJAP and the 42 parents who benefited directly from the CJAP and who will

determine the effectiveness of the CJAP.

Description of the Respondents

The researchers included a total of one hundred eighty-two (182) respondents who were

directly involved in the implementation of Comprehensive Juvenile Alternative Programs. The

one hundred eighty-two (182) selected respondents were divided into following: thirty-seven

(37) respondents from PNP in charge of the intervention of ,the CICL; ten (10) respondents from

the DSWD in charge on the rehabilitation, diversion and re-integration of the CICL, twenty-three

(23) respondents from each Punong Barangay’s office, the town Mayor, Vice Mayor and SB

Members (8) and the fifty-three (53) teachers of the secondary school in Hermosa, Bataan

including their school principals, seven (7) heads of NGO, who were working within the

municipality of Hermosa, Bataan in their respective departments and the parents of forty-two

(42) children who were charged of being CICL.

 11

Research Instrument

The instrument was a researcher made questionnaire based on the RA 9344. It was

validated by experts and personnel with direct involvement in the implementation of CJAP; Hon.

Joseph Antonio R. Inton (Municipal Mayor), Atty. Joseph Sabado (Secretary of Sangguniang

Bayan), Miss. Nenita T. Jaring (MSWD Officer V), PCI Joey Sampaga (Chief of PNP Hermosa),

Dr. Reycor Sacdalan (Principal of Balsik National High School), Miss. Leovigilda F. Escalada

(Principal IV-Hermosa National Highj School), the 23 Punong Barangay of Hermosa and Mr.

John Peter Galonido (Statistician-PUP IDSA).

The respondents were asked to answer the survey questionnaire which was divided into

four parts. The first part was the demographic profile of the respondents (age, sex, educational

attainment, etc.) The second was the Comprehensive Juvenile Alternative Program (CJAP) in

terms of intervention, diversion, rehabilitation and reintegration. The third part was the problems

encountered in implementing CJAP. Fourth part was the level of effectiveness of CJAP in

relation to crime prevention and control using a four-point Lickert Scale.

Data Gathering Procedure

Surveys were conducted to gather factual data. The one hundred eighty-two (182)

selected respondents for the rehabilitation and discipline of the forty-two children that were

charged of CICL were given a letter by the researcher asking permission to conduct survey.

Upon approval, the survey questionnaires were distributed and the respondents were given

enough time to answer these. The survey questionnaires were

then collected and the data collated and analyzed.

 12

Statistical Treatment of Data

The data gathered were interpreted and analyzed using t-test, computation of frequency

and weighted mean. Data tabulation was computed on a Frequency and Percentage

Distribution basis.

The following formulas were used in analyzing and interpreting the data gathered from

the respondents.

1. Frequency and Percentage Distribution – Used to determine the percentage for Data on
profile (age, sex, educational Attainment, etc.)

Formula: Where:
% = _f_ x 100 % = Percent
N f = frequency
N = number of cases

2. Weighted mean

Where:
x is the repeating value
w is the number of occurrences of x (weight)
x̄ is the weighted mean

3. T- test (tailed test)

Difference between means
__Variance___
Sample size

Where: Standard Deviation:

µ = hypothesized population mean

x̄1 = mean of sample 1
x̄2 = mean of sample 2
n1 = number of objects in sample 1
n2 = number of objects in sample 2
s 12= variance of sample 1

s 22= variance of sample 2

 13

Results and Discussions

Juvenile Delinquency is a hostile social act or conduct of minors which veers off from the

ordinary example of guidelines and directions, custom and culture which society does not

acknowledge and which accordingly, legitimizes some sort of discipline or restorative measures

in general society intrigue.

Based on the results gathered, the following findings are thereby presented: Majority of

the respondents were within the age bracket of 40 – 46 years old, predominantly female, college

graduates, had work affiliation with the government and had 6-10 years in service on their

respective jobs.

Level of effectiveness of Comprehensive Juvenile Alternative Program (CJAP) in terms

of:

1.1 Intervention – Livelihood services and Ronda Barangay were the most effective

intervention program.

1.2 Diversion – The most effective diversion program of CJAP was “Organize quality

recreation and sports activities such as Palarong Bayan and Barangay League”.

1.3 Rehabilitation – “Provides scholarship program/free secondary education” together with

“Education and Organization of Out-of-School youths through Alternative Learning

School (ALS) were the most effective among the rehabilitation programs of CJAP.

1.4 Re-Integration – The most effective re-integration program of CJAP was “Involvement in

the Linggo ng Kabataan”.

Problems encountered in implementing CJAP in each program were Intervention – Lack

of cooperation from the parents of CICL and CAR; Diversion – Insufficient funding;

Rehabilitation – Lack of qualified personnel and proper facilities; Re-integration – Social stigma

such as shame, dishonor, and disgrace.

There was no significant difference on the assessment of the respondents on CJAP

when grouped according to work affiliation. Their assessments were almost the same.
 14

Based on the findings of the study, to promote rehabilitation services for CICL, the

DSWD must provide a package of rehabilitation services through its residential care facilities

such as the Regional Rehabilitation Center (RRCY) which aims to reintegrate CICL with their

families and the community; provide proper facilities and professional personnel for

rehabilitation of CICL and create activities and programs that will enhance their skills and

capabilities in sports to divert their attention into a more meaningful activities.

CONCLUSION

Based on the findings, the researcher came up with the following conclusions:

1. Profile of the Respondents

1.1 Most of the respondents belonged to the age group of 40-46 years old.

1.2 Majority of the respondents were female.

1.3 All of the respondents attended school and their highest educational attainment was

college graduate.

1.4 Most of the respondents were government affiliated, these were PNP, DSWD, LGUs

and Public School teachers.

1.5 Majority of the respondents had worked with the government with 6 – 10 years of

service.

2. Level of effectiveness of Comprehensive Juvenile Alternative Program (CJAP)

2.1 In terms of Intervention; “Livelihood services and Ronda Barangay” were the most

effective programs and all of the intervention programs were effective.

2.2 In terms of Diversion; the most effective program of CJAP was “Organize quality

recreation and sports activities such as Palarong Bayan and Barangay League” and

the over-all result of the tabulation was all of the diversion programs of CJAP was

effective as depicted by its weighted mean.

 15

2.3 In terms of Rehabilitation; “Provides scholarship program/free secondary education”

together with “Education and Organization of Out-of-School youths through

Alternative Learning School (ALS) were the most effective among the rehabilitation

programs of CJAP.

2.4 In terms of Re-Integration; The most effective re-integration program of CJAP was

“Involvement in the Linggo ng Kabataan”.

3. Problems encountered in implementing CJAP are as follows:

3.1 Intervention – Lack of cooperation from the parents of CICL and CAR.

3.2 Diversion – Insufficient funding

3.3 Rehabilitation – Lack of qualified personnel and proper facilities.

3.4 Re-integration – Social stigma such as shame, dishonor, and disgrace.

4. Significant Difference

There was no significant difference on the assessment of the respondents on CJAP

when grouped according to work affiliation. Their assessments were almost the same.

5. Based on the discoveries of the examination the accompanying conclusion were drawn.

To advance restoration administrations for CICL, the DSWD must give a bundle of

recovery benefits through its private care offices, for example, the Regional

Rehabilitation Center (RRCY) which intends to reintegrate CICL with their families and

the group; give appropriate offices and expert faculty for recovery of CICL and make

exercises and projects that will upgrade their aptitudes and abilities in games to redirect

their consideration into a more significant exercise.

 16

RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the results of the findings and conclusions gathered, the following

recommendations are suggested:

Intervention

1. It is recommended that Comprehensive Juvenile Alternative Program (CJAP) must be

strictly and fully implemented primarily for the protection of the children and respect to their

rights.

2. It is recommended that the programs and services in the implementation of the CJAP should

be strengthened. CICL should be given a thorough orientation on the program of the RA

9344.

3. Appropriate counseling and guidance to the Children In Conflict with the Law and their

families should be:

 Primary intervention which includes general measures to promote social justice and

equal opportunity, which tackle perceived root causes of offending;

 Secondary intervention which includes measures to assist Children at Risk;

 Tertiary intervention which includes measures to avoid unnecessary contact with the

formal justice system and other measures to prevent re-offending.

4. Parents of CICL are also responsible in the crime committed by their children. It is also

recommended that there should also be counselling for the parents of CICL.

5. It is recommended that the parents of the CICL and Children At Risk (CAR) should attend

rigid parenting seminars and family counseling with the CICL and CAR.

Diversion

1. It is recommended that the Local Government Units (LGUs) as well as the barangay should

allocate the Municipal Council for the Protection of the Children (MCPC) and Barangay

Council for the Protection of the Children (BCPC) funds to programs of CJAP.
 17

2. It is recommended that there is proper information dissemination with the community

regarding the CJAP as part of RA 9344.

Rehabilitation

1. It is recommended for the PNP to undergo rigid training and seminars in handling cases of

CICL and CAR and become more efficient in apprehending juvenile delinquents.

2. It is recommended that LGU head of Hermosa, Bataan, thru partnership with NGO and other

national government office to acquire a reformation facility with qualified personnel.

3. It is recommended that LGU and all Barangay heads (Punong Barangay) of Hermosa,

Bataan create a position of Barangay Focal Person for CJAP for proper handling of CICL

and CAR cases.

4. It is recommended that PNP – Hermosa, Bataan to do intensive monitoring of CJAP in 23

barangays of Hermosa, Bataan.

5. It is recommended that all elected and appointed barangay officials should undergo training

and seminars to enhance their knowledge in handling CICL and CAR cases.

Re-integration

It is recommended that the CJAP promote the safety of the child, stop stigmatization and

give a chance for a CICL to change by strengthening the reformation and re-integration

programs

The following are also recommended.

 It is recommended for the future researchers to conduct further and significant studies

on CJAP for its improvement.

 It is recommended further studies be conducted on approaches in dealing with CICL and

CAR.

 It is recommended to propose a program to attain crime free community such as:

 18

o Program for the offenders

o Program for the parents

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Caldwell, Micheal. “Are Violent Delinquent Worth Treating? A Cost-Benefit Analysis”

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Fernando, A. C. “Factors that contribute to the anti-social behavior as viewed by

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Republic of the Philippines Congress of the Philippines in Metro Manila during its
Thirteenth Congress in its second regular session (2005). Republic Act No. 9344, an act
establishing a comprehensive Juvenile Justice and Welfare System (JJWS), creating the
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 21

APPENDIX 1: Instrument

Dear Respondent:

The undersigned is conducting a research on “Effectiveness of the Implementation of the

Comprehensive Juvenile Alternative Program in Hermosa Bataan: Towards a Crime Free
Community”.

Please accomplish the survey questionnaire below. Rest assured that your answers to
the items in the questionnaire will be held in utmost confidentiality.

Thank you very for sharing your time to make this study possible.

Liana M. De Leon
Researcher
 22

PART I - PROFILE OF THE RESPONDENTS

Please provide information for each of the following items. In items where the answers
are given, put a check mark ( / ) on the option that corresponds to your answers.

Name: (Optional): __________________________________________________

1. Age: ____
2. Sex: ( ) Male ( ) Female

3. Highest Educational Attainment

( ) Elementary Level ( ) Masters Level
( ) Elementary Graduate ( ) Master’s Degree
( ) High School Level ( ) Doctorate Level
( ) High School Graduate ( ) Doctorate Degree ( )
College Level
( ) College Graduate

4. Government Work Affiliation:

( ) Philippine National Police (PNP)
( ) Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD)
( ) Local Government Unit (LGU) of Hermosa, Bataan
( ) Department of Education (DepEd)

5. Non-Government Work Affiliation – NGOs

( ) Lion’s Club
( ) Rotary Club of Bataan
( ) Masonry
( ) Religious Organization _________ {please indicate)
( ) Others (please specify) __________________________

6. Years in Service: _____________

 23

PART II. COMPREHENSIVE JUVENILE ALTERNATIVE PROGRAMS (CJAP)

Directions: For each of the programs listed below that are provided to the Child In Conflict with
the Law (CICL), indicate the degree of their effectiveness. Please check the space provided for
to indicate the strength of your opinion.

Key: 4 = Very Effective, 3 = Effective,2 = Ineffective, 1 = Very Ineffective

Very Effective Ineffective Very

CJAP PROGRAMS Effective Ineffective
1. Intervention Program 4 3 2 1
Night Care for Children and Working
Mothers – Curfew for minors (below 18
years old) is implemented
Counseling for Proper parenting program
(Parenting skill development) is provided.
Livelihood Services - Skills training - TESDA
Education – Government Internship
Program (GIP). gives the youth the
opportunity to participate in government
service by giving them summer job and
participation in immersion programs.
Crisis intervention – Halfway houses
(BahayKanlungan) is provided.
Casework/group work services – MSWDO is
given
Recreational, sports, spiritual and other
socio-cultural activities are conducted
Ronda Barangay – I patroller is done as per
schedule
2. Diversion Program 4 3 2 1
Provides community service by tree planting
activities and linis barangay project.
Conducts fun run activities
Provides service learning program
Conducts lecture on substance use
education program
Provides job skills training
Conducts family counseling sessions
Provides support for rebuilding family
relationships
Organize quality recreation and sports
program/activities such as Palarong Bayan
and Barangay League
3. Rehabilitation Program 4 3 2 1
Provides therapy service for abused
children to overcome negative effects of
abuse leading to a normal and productive
life
Provides scholarship program/free
 24

secondary education
Involve the youth in SikapKabataangPinoy
(SIKAP) Project Cash for Work
BahayPagbabago Youth Development
Program through the social service units of
the Local Governement.
Education and Organization of Out-of-
School youths through Alternative Learning
School (ALS)
Bantay Bata Hotlines.
4. Re-Integration Program 4 3 2 1
Participation in the Integrated
SangguniangKabataan Organizational
Leadership an Reorientation (ISKOLAR)
Program
Participation in the National Youth
Environmental Action Plan and Green
Brigade
Involvement in the LinggongKabataan
 25

PART [Link] ENCOUNTERED IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE

COMPREHENSIVE JUVENILE ALTERNATIVE PROGRAMS

Directions: For each of the problems listed below, indicate the degree of your agreement to the
programs that are given to the Children At Risk (CAR) and Child In Conflict with the Law
(CICL). Please check the space provided for to indicate the strength of your opinion.

Key: 4 = Strongly Agree, 3 = Agree, 2 = Disagree, 1 = Strongly Disagree

Strongl Agree Disagre Strongly

CJAP Programs y Agree e Disagree
4 3 2 1
1. Intervention Program
Lack of cooperation from the parents of CICL
and CAR
Lacks continuity of guidance and counseling
program for the CAR/CICL and his/her family
2. Diversion Program
Insufficient funding
Weaker coordination with other government
and non-government agencies
3. Rehabilitation
Lack of proper facilities
Lack of qualified personnel (Doctor,
Psychiatrist, Psychologist, social workers, and
Guidance Counselor)
Mishandling of cases
Inadequate programs for rehabilitation of
minors
4. Re-integration
Social Stigma (shame, disgrace, dishonour)
Discrimination (judgment, bias) of CICL and
CAR
 26

PART IV. LEVEL OF EFFECTIVENESS OF THE COMPREHENSIVE JUVENILE

ALTERNATIVE PROGRAM

Directions: For each of the statements listed below, indicate the degree of effectiveness of the
Comprehensive Juvenile Alternative Program. Please check the space provided for to indicate
the strength of your opinion.

Key: 4 = Very Effective, 3 = Effective, 2 = Ineffective, 1 = Very Ineffective

Very Effective Ineffective Very

CJAP Effective Ineffective
4 3 2 1
Rehabilitation of a Child In Conflict with the
Law (CICL)
Promotes and safeguards rights of a child
Protection against criminals and/or
syndicates
Prevention of juvenile delinquency
Crime prevention and suppression
Lessen the commission of street crimes
Stop labelling/stigmatism that suppress the
normal growth of a child.
Eliminates physical abuses against CICL.
Gives the CICL a sense of self worthy
despite of the wrong acts he/she commits.
Gives CICL chances to do what is right and
to start their life anew

Thank you very much for your cooperation!

 27

Appendix 2: Letter to the Respondents

Letter to the PNP Chief

 28

Appendix 2: Letter to the MSWD Head

 29

Appendix 2: Letter to the Mayor

 30

Appendix 4: Certificate of Editing

CERTIFICATION

To Whom It May Concern,

This is to certify that the masteral thesis EFFECTIVENESS OF THE

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE COMPREHENSIVE JUVENILE ALTERNATIVE

PROGRAMS IN HERMOSA, BATAAN TOWARDS A CRIME-FREE COMMUNITY by

LIANA M. DE LEON submitted to the faculty of the Polytechnic University of the

Philippines Open University System was read and edited by the undersigned. Issued

upon the request of the aforementioned for whatever legal purpose it may serve.

JEROME P. DUMLAO
Professional Editor
 31

Appendix 5: Certification from IDSA

 32

Appendix 6: Turnitin Certification

33
 34

Author’s Note

I, Liana Martinez de Leon is working as a barangay secretary at Barangay Palihan,

Hermosa, Bataan for twelve (12) years now. I graduated with a bachelor’s degree in Political

Science at the Manuel Luis Quezon University in 1990. Instead of pursuing law school, I took up

Master in Public Administration at Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Open University

System. My current research work is entitled Effectiveness of the Implementation of the

Comprehensive Juvenile Alternative Programs in Hermosa, Bataan Towards a Crime-Free

Community. This research paper is close to my heart as I love politics and its surrounding

elements. I am looking forward to teach in college in Bataan to impart my knowledge gained in

school and experiences in work.

On the other hand, I would like to thank the Polytechnic University of the

Philippines/Open University System for offering a distance learning system which inspired me to

strive harder in pursuing my dreams. Because of PUP OUS, I was able to enroll Master in

Public Administration.

Foremost, my sincerest gratitude to my thesis adviser Dr. Flordeliza E. Alvendia for her

valuable time, motivation, effort, encouragement and guidance in helping me pursue this study.

Also, I would like to thank the members my thesis panel committee: Prof. Antonius C.

Umali, Prof. Florenda Frivaldo and Prof. Norie L. Maniego for their encouragement through

insightful comments and suggestions.

Heartfelt thanks to my sister Lea Lyn M. De Leon, to my parents, to my siblings,

nephews and nieces especially Janzzen, Ean and Kae, to my children: Mariam, Josh and

Jayze, and to my Barangay family headed by our Punong Barangay Ricardo P. Dela Cruz.

Sincerest thanks for all your moral support and words of wisdom. Also, my sincerest thanks to

all the respondents for your participation, without you this study could not have been possible.

Lastly, to our Almighty God who make me realize and fulfill my MPA dream. To God be

the glory!