Calculus 1 Solutions & Hint to HW6 Fall 2013

1. A particle is moving with the given data. Find the position of the particle.
1
(a) v (t) = 2t − 1+t 2 , s (0) = 1.

(b) a (t) = sin t + 3 cos t, s (0) = 0, v (0) = 2.

2. Find the derivatives

!
x4
d
R
(a) dx cos (t2 )
0
!
d
Rx et
(b) dx t
dt
√
x

Hint: (a)
Zx4
 
d 
cos t2  = 4x3 cos x8



dx
0

(b)  
Zx √
d  et  e x ex
dt = − +
dx √ t 2x x

x

3. Evaluate the integrals

2
c. x3 ln xdx, d. (lnxx)
R R R R
a. x sin xdx, b. (2x + 9) ex dx, 2 dx.
(Hint for a − c: Use the Integration by Parts. Hint for d: First use substitution u = lnx and
then Integration by Parts)
Solution
(a) By the method of Integration by Parts
 
u=x du = dx
⇒
dv = sin xdx v = − cos x
Z Z
x sin xdx = −x cos x + cos xdx = −x cos x + sin x + C

(b) By the method of Integration by Parts

 
u = 2x + 9 du = 2dx
x ⇒
dv = e dx v = ex
Z
x x
(2x + 9) e dx = e (2x + 9) − 2 ex dx = (2x + 7) ex + C

(c) By the method of Integration by Parts

du = x1 dx
 
u = ln x
⇒ 4
dv = x3 dx v = x4
x4 ln x 1 x4 ln x x4
Z Z
3
x ln xdx = − x3 dx = − +C
4 4 4 16

1
Calculus 1 Solutions & Hint to HW6 Fall 2013

(d) By Integration by Parts

u = (ln x)2 du = 2 lnxx dx

 
⇒
dv = dx
x2
v = − x1

(ln x)2 − (ln x)2

Z Z
ln x
I= dx = +2 dx
x2 x x2
ln x
R
Evaluate x2
dx:
du = x1 dx
 
u = ln x
⇒
dv = dxx2
v = − x1
Z Z
ln x ln x 1 ln x 1
2
dx = − + 2
dx = − − +C
x x x x x

− (ln x)2
 
ln x 1
I= −2 + +C
x x x
4. Find the average value of the function on the given interval.
a. f (x) = 4x√− x2 , [0; 4]
b. f (x) = x2 1 + x3 , [0; 2].
c. f (x) = cos4 x sin x, [0; π]
2
d. f (x) = xe−x , [0; 5].
Answer: (a)
Z4
1 8
4x − x2 dx =


fav =
4−0 3
0

(b)
Z2 √
1 26
fav = x2 1 + x3 dx =
2−0 9
0

(c)
Zπ
1 2
fav = cos4 x sin xdx =
π−0 5π
0

(d)
Z5
1 2 1
xe−x dx = 1 − e−25


fav =
5−0 10
0

5. Compute the definite integral

R2 R4 √ R4 √ Rπ
a. xe9x dx, b. x ln xdx, c. x 4 − xdx, d. x sin (2x) dx.
0 1 0 0
(a) By Integration by Parts
 
u=x du = dx
⇒
dv = e9x dx v = 19 e9x

2
Calculus 1 Solutions & Hint to HW6 Fall 2013

Z2 2 Z2
9x 1 9x  1 17 1
xe dx = xe  − e9x dx = e18 +
9 0 9 81 81
0 0

(b) By Integration by Parts

du = x1√
 
u =√
ln x dx
⇒ 2
dv = xdx v = 3x x

Z4 4 Z4
√ 2 √  2 √ 16 28
x ln xdx = x x ln − xdx = ln 4 −
3 1 3 3 9
1 1

(c)
Z4
√ 128
x 4 − xdx =
15
0

(d)
Zπ
π
x sin (2x) dx = −
2
0

6. Newton’s Law of Cooling

(a) A cup of coffee has temperature 95o C and takes 30 minutes to cool to 61o C in a room with
temperature 20o C. Use Newtons Law of Cooling to show that the temperature of the coffee
after t minutes is T (t) = 20 + 75e−kt where k ≈ 0.02.
(b) What is the average temperature of the coffee during the first half hour?
Hint

(a)
T (t) = Ts + (T (0) − Ts ) e−kt
61 = 20 + 75e−30k
1 41
k= ln = 0.02
30 75
Thus,
T (t) = 20 + 75e−0.02t
(b)
Z30
1
Tav = T (t) dt = 76.4o C.
30
0

7. Evaluate
R1 5
(a) x (x2 + 1) dx,
0

u = x2 + 1 ⇒ du = 2xdx

3
Calculus 1 Solutions & Hint to HW6 Fall 2013

When x = 0, u = 1. When x = 1, u = 2.

Z1 Z2   2
2

5 5 1 1 6  21
x x + 1 dx = u du = u =
2 12 1 4
0 1

√ x+2 dx.
R
(b) x2 +4x

u = x2 + 2x ⇒ du = (2x + 2) dx

√
Z Z  
x+2 − 12 1 1
√ dx = u du = u 2 + C = x2 + 4x + C
x2 + 4x 2
√
e√ x
R
(c) x
dx
√ dx
u= x ⇒ du = √
2 x
√
e x
Z Z √
√ dx = 2 eu du = 2eu + C = 2e x
+C
x
√ cos x dx
R
(d) 1+sin x

u = 1 + sin x ⇒ du = cos xdx

√
Z Z
cos x 1 1
√ dx = u− 2 du = 2u 2 + C = 2 1 + sin x + C
1 + sin x
8. Evaluate
R x−9
R3 dx
R4 x3 −2x2 −4
(a) (x+5)(x−2) , (b) x2 −1
, (c) x3 −2x2
dx.
2 3

x−9
R3 dx
= 12 ln 32
R
Hint: (a) (x+5)(x−2)
= 2 ln |x + 5| − ln |x − 2| + C, (b) x2 −1
2
R4 x3 −2x2 −4
R4 1 2 1 7
+ ln 23 ,


(c) x3 −2x2
dx = 1+ x
+ x2
− x−2 dx = 6
3 3
R1
9. Estimate cos (x2 ) dx using (a) the Trapezoidal Rule and (b) the Midpoint Rule, each with
0
n = 4.
Hint: (a) T4 ≈ 0.895759, (b) M4 ≈ 0.908907.

10. A radar gun was used to record the speed of a runner during the first 5 seconds of a race
(see the table). Use the Trapezoidal Rule to estimate the distance the runner covered during
those 5 seconds.

4
Calculus 1 Solutions & Hint to HW6 Fall 2013

R5 R5
The distance the runner covered during those 5 seconds is |v (t)|dt = v (t)dt, since v(t) ≥ 0.
0 0
R5
We use the the Trapezoidal Rule to estimate the integral v (t)dt.
0
Z5
∆t
v (t)dt ≈ T10 = [v (t0 ) + 2v (t1 ) + 2v (t2 ) + ... + 2v (t9 ) + v (t10 )]
2
0

Z5
0.5
v (t)dt ≈ [0 + 2(4.67 + 7.34 + 8.86 + 9.73 + 10.22 + 10.51 + 10.67 + 10.76 + 10.81) + 10.81]
2
0