5.
Exponential Numbers
Problem 1
1. Using the concept of exponential numbers, solve the following expressions:
a. 43
b. (-5)6
c. p4
2. If a is a real number and n is a positive integer, write an in multiplication
form.
3. What if n = 1?
42 / Student’s Worksheet – Exponential Numbers and Roots
Problem 2
1. Write the following in the form of exponential numbers.
1
a.
16
b. 0,000034
1
c. ,p ≠ 0
p5
1
2. If a is a real number which is not zero, and n is an integer, write in the
an
form of exponent.
3. Why is a ≠ 0?
Mathematics for Junior High School Grade 9 / 43
Problem 3
1. Fill in the blank spaces.
a. 23 = ...
b. 22 = ...
c. 21 = ...
d. 20 = ...
2. If a is a real number which is not zero, what is the value of a0?
3. What if a = 0?
44 / Student’s Worksheet – Exponential Numbers and Roots
5.2
Roots
Problem 1
1. Fill in the blank spaces.
a. If 62 = 36 then 36 = ...
b. If 24 = 16 then 4 16 = ...
c. 49 = ...
d. 4 625 = ...
e. If p10 = q then 10 q = ...
What is the value of q if p is negative?
2. Fill in the blank spaces.
a. If 43 = 64 then 3 64 = ...
b. If (-4)3 = -64 then 3 − 64 = ...
c. 5 32 = ...
d. 5 − 32 = ...
e. If p7 = q then 7 q = ...
What is the value of q if p is negative?
3. a. If n is an even number and an = b, what are the values of a and b?
b. If n is an odd number and an = b, what are the values of a and b?
Mathematics for Junior High School Grade 9 / 45
Problem 2
1. Simplify the following root forms.
a. 24
b. 48
c. 72
d. 25 p
46 / Student’s Worksheet – Exponential Numbers and Roots
5.3
Operations of Exponential Numbers
Operations of Exponential Numbers
Problem 1
1. Fill in the blank spaces.
52 × 53 = (5 × 5) × (5 × 5 × 5)
= 5 × 5 × ... × ... × ...
= 5...
2. Using the concept of exponential numbers, simplify the following expressions:
a. 34 × 33
b. (-2)3 × (-2)4
c. b2 × b5
d. 3-2 × 3-3
e. (-5)-4 × (-5)-2
f. a-3 × a-6
3. If a is a real number, and m and n are integers, what is the simple form of
am × an ?
Mathematics for Junior High School Grade 9 / 47
Problem 2
1. Fill in the blank spaces.
25 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2
=
22 ... × ...
= ... × ... × ...
= 2...
2. Using the concept of exponential numbers, simplify the following forms:
35
a.
32
(− 2 )6
b.
(− 2 )3
c2
c.
c5
( −2 )− 6
d.
( −2 )− 4
x−4
e.
x −3
a−5
f.
a −6
3. If a is a real number which is not zero, and m and n are integers, what is the
am
simple form of ?
an
48 / Student’s Worksheet – Exponential Numbers and Roots
Problem 3
1. Fill in the blank spaces.
(32)3 = 32 × 32 × 32
= (3 × 3) × (... × ...) × (... × ...)
= 3...
2. Using the concept of exponential numbers, simplify the following forms:
a. (23)4
b. ((-3)2)5
c. (c2)4
2
⎛ ⎛ 1 ⎞3 ⎞
d. ⎜ ⎜ ⎟ ⎟
⎜⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
e. (c-5)2
f. (a-3)-1
3. If a is a real number, and m and n are integers, what is the simple form of (am)n
Mathematics for Junior High School Grade 9 / 49
Problem 4
1. Fill in the blank spaces.
(a × b)3 = (a × b) × (a × b) × (a × b)
= (a × a × a) × (… × ... × ...)
= a... × b...
2. Using the concept of exponential numbers, simplify the following forms:
a. (-2 × 3)5
b. (3 × 5)2
c. (p × q)4
d. (x × y)5(3 × 2)-3
e. (a × b)-2
f. (x × y)-5
3. If a and b are real numbers, and n is an integer, what is the simple form of
(a × b)n ?
50 / Student’s Worksheet – Exponential Numbers and Roots
Problem 5
1. Fill in the blank spaces.
4 2 2 2 2
⎛2⎞
⎜ ⎟ = × × ×
⎝3⎠ 3 3 3 3
2 × 2 × ... × ...
=
3 × 3 × ... × ...
2...
=
3...
2. Using the concept of exponential numbers, simplify the following forms:
3
⎛−2⎞
a. ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 5 ⎠
5
⎛ 3 ⎞
b. ⎜ ⎟
⎝− 4⎠
4
⎛7⎞
c. ⎜ ⎟
⎝2⎠
3
⎛ p⎞
d. ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ , q ≠ 0
⎝q⎠
−3
⎛2⎞
e. ⎜ ⎟
⎝3⎠
−2
⎛ p⎞
f. ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ , q ≠ 0
⎝q⎠
3. If a and b are real numbers, b ≠ 0, and n is a positive integer, what is the
n
⎛a⎞
simple form of ⎜ ⎟ ?
⎝b⎠
Mathematics for Junior High School Grade 9 / 51
Using a calculator
Use a scientific calculator to solve the following problems. Mention the buttons
that you use.
1. 46,738
2. 0,037-6
3. 2345
4. 4 678
5. 5 − 567
52 / Student’s Worksheet – Exponential Numbers and Roots
Using a computer
Use a computer software (such as Microsoft Excel) to solve the following
problems. Write the procedures.
1. 46,738
2. 0,037-6
3. 2345
4. 4 678
5. 5 − 567
Mathematics for Junior High School Grade 9 / 53
5.4
Fractional Exponents
Problem 1
Using properties of numbers, answer the following questions.
a Determine the value of x so that 2x × 2x = 2
b If √2 × √2 = 2, how do you state 2 in the form of exponent?
c Determine the value of y so that 3y × 3y × 3y = 3
d If 3 2 × 3 2 × 3 2 = 2 , how do you state 3 2 in the form of exponent?
1
e Write 4 in root form.
3
1
f Write 5 in root form.
3
1
g Write 4 5 in root form.
1
h Write b n in root form, where n is a positive integer.
54 / Student’s Worksheet – Exponential Numbers and Roots
Problem 2
Using properties of operations of exponential numbers, determine:
a. 2 if it is written in the form of exponent.
b. 2 3 if it is written in the form of exponent.
4 3
c. 2 if it is written in the form of exponent.
n m
d. a if it is written in the form of exponent.
1
e. 5 2 if it is written in root form.
2
f. 5 3 if it is written in root form.
3
g. 5 4 if it is written in root form.
m
h. a n if it is written in root form.
Mathematics for Junior High School Grade 9 / 55
5.5
Operation on Root Form
Problem 1
You have learned that ( )
n m n m n
( )
n
a = a , ab = n a . n b , and am = amn .
Use the three concepts above to solve the following problems:
1. ( )
3
2
3
2. ⎛⎜ 4 2 ⎞⎟
3
⎝ ⎠
2
3. ⎛ 2 4 33 ⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
6
4. ⎛ 33 a 2 ⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
6
5. ⎛ 24 x2 ⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
k
⎛ n a m ⎞ , where a > 0, and m and n are positive integers.
6. ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
56 / Student’s Worksheet – Exponential Numbers and Roots
Problem 2
Simplify the following problems based on the distributive properties of
multiplication towards addition.
1. a√c + b√c.
2. a√c - b√c.
Remember
The distributive properties 3. 4√2 + 3√2.
of multiplication towards
4. 2√3 + 5√3 + 3√3.
addition
a(b + c) = ab + ac 5. 2√5 - 3√5 + 7√5
(a + b)c = ac + bc
6. √6 + √54 + √250.
7. 4√3 – (3√3 - 2√3)
Mathematics for Junior High School Grade 9 / 57
Problem 3
You have learned that ab = a × b . You can rewrite it as a × b = ab .
Now find:
a. 2× 3
b. 12 × 3
c. 3 9 × 3 81
5 35 4
d. 2 . 3
e. a. b , a > 0 , b > 0
f. n a .n b , a > 0, b > 0, where n is a positive integer
n mn k
g. a . b , a > 0 , b > 0, where m and n are positive integers
58 / Student’s Worksheet – Exponential Numbers and Roots
5.6
Rationalizing the Denominator in Root Form
Problem 1
Rationalize the following root forms:
a
a.
b
3
b.
5
6
c.
8
24
d.
60
4
e.
32
Mathematics for Junior High School Grade 9 / 59
Problem 2
Rationalize the following root forms:
a
a.
b c
2
b.
3 5
4
c.
6 8
3 5
d.
8 3
5
e.
23 6
60 / Student’s Worksheet – Exponential Numbers and Roots