Stability check

for
Free-standing
of
Yongmao STL230 — TC1
at
2 Grampian Road

Prepare by : L. Chiu

Ref. no. : NIC-18-DC-027-METC1 ver.2

Date : 23-10-2018
Index
1. Scope P. 2/ 22

2. Design Approach P. 3/ 22

3. Reference Data P. 4/ 22

4. Assumption P. 5/ 22

5. Definition P. 6/ 22

6. Detail of the machine P. 7/ 22

7. Foundation data P. 8/ 22

8. Stability check P.12/ 22

9. Appendix P.22/ 22

P.1 / 22
1. Scope

The objective of this document is to check the stability of the free–standing

of Yongmao STL230 at 2 Grampian Road
by means of LSD.

In–service condition is modeled by data provided by manufacturer.

Out–of–service condition is estimated by data provided by manufacturer

and relevant codes of the region.

This document shall cover the free–standing of the machine under the
following conditions:

i) Different configurations of the machine in which all loading data provided

by the manufacturer is equivalent or smaller than the one applied in this
document.

ii) Different configurations of the machine in which all loading can be

logically inferred to be equivalent or smaller than the one applied in
this document.

This document shall not cover the free–standing of the machine under the
following conditions:

i) Different configurations of the machine in which one or more of the

loading data provided by the manufacturer is greater than the loading
applied in this document.

ii) Different configurations of the machine in which one or more items of the
loading can be logically inferred to be greater than the loading
applied in this document.

iii) Different site condition which violate one or more of the assumptions
made.

P.2 / 22
2. Design Approach

The machine will be free-standing and fixed at the base of the mast tower.

In this approach, the weight of the machine is considered evenly distributed to the
four crane foots. The moment generated will be checked in all major directions of the
machine to ensure the stability of the foundation during the operation of the machine, and
during sever weather condition. Localized capacity of structure will bechecked against the
maximum compression and tension force generated.

P.3 / 22
3. Reference Data

a. Foundation loading data provided by the manufacturer

b. Drawings

P.4 / 22
4. Assumption

i) The loading is evenly distributed.

ii) Data of In–service condition is dominated by dead–load and imposed–load.

iii) Data of Out–of–service condition is dominated by dead–load and wind–load.

iv) Operation of machine is conducted complying with restriction set by the

manufacturer, including, but not limited to, wind speed and lifting capacity.

v) The machine will be erected and operated in situation described in this

document for not more than 1 year.

vi) No failure of machine components as guaranteed by manufacturer.

vii) During out–of–service condition, the machine will be parked at angle

designated by manufacturer.

viii) During out–of–service condition, the brake of the slewing component will be
released to allow the machine align itself with the wind direction.

P.5 / 22
5. Definition

Grade 45/20 concrete

ρc = 24.5 kN/m3 – Density of concrete

fcu = 45.0 MPa – Characteristic concrete strength
pcc = 11.3 MPa – Compression stress = 0.25fcu
pbc = 14.9 MPa – Compression stress due to bending = 0.33fcu
pvc = 5.4 MPa – Shear stress = 0.8√fcu or 7.0MPa
Ec = 25.1 GPa – Modulus of elasticity
vr = 0.4 MPa – Design shear resistance of minimum links
β = 0.5 – Bond factor for deformed bars in tension

High–yield rebar

fy = 460.0 MPa – Characteristic yield strength

Grade S355 steel in accordance with BS EN 10025

ρs = 78.5 kN/m3 – Density of steel

py–16 = 355.0 MPa – Characteristic yield strength for thickness < 16mm
py–40 = 345.0 MPa – Characteristic yield strength for thickness < 40mm
pbs = 460.0 MPa – Bearing strength of steel
Es = 205.0 GPa – Modulus of elasticity
pvs = 165.0 MPa – Shear capacity

Miscellaneous

Cdead = 1.4 – Load factor for dead load

Cload = 1.6 – Load factor for imposed load
Cwind = 1.4 – Load factor for wind load
μc = 0.3 – Friction coefficient between concrete and ground

Design ground bearing pressure

N value from SPT = 8
Allowable ground bearing pressure at +8.60 mPD = 80 kPa
Surface level = +11.00 mPD
Pressure from soil excavated = ( 11.00 - 8.60 ) × ( 19 - 9.81 ) = 22.056 kPa
Design ground bearing pressure Pallow = 102.06 kPa

P.6 / 22
6. Detail of the machine

Model : Yongmao STL230

Type : Luffing
Jib length : 40m
Mast type : L69B1
Mast height : 28.5m
Type of footing : Embedded in concrete block

Size of concrete block

Length : 8m
Width : 8m
Height : 1.5 m

Rebar along x-x direction: T20 – 200c/c

Rebar along y-y direction: T20 – 200c/c
Shear reinforcement: T16 – 400c/c

P.7 / 22
7. Foundation data
Wind Load and Moment of L69 Mast
Height = 3.00 m
Width = 2.00 m
Effective projected Area of front view = 1.77 m²
(3 x 0.2 x 2 + 1.718 x 0.09 + 1.822 x 0.09 + 1.364 x 0.07 + 1.6 x 0.1)
Boundary area of the frame of front view = 6.00 m²
Solidity ratio = 0.3
Effective projected Area of oblique surface Ao = 3.68 m²
(Af+ 2x(1.718 x 0.09 + 1.822 x 0.09 + 1.364 x 0.07)) x 0.707 x 2)
Effective projected Area of oblique surface per meter Ao/m = 1.23 m²
(Af x 0.707 x 2)/Mast Height
Boundary area of the frame of oblique view = 2 x 3 x 1.414 = 8.484 m²
Solidity ratio = 0.4
Force coefficient Cf = 1.7

Wind Load = Effective Projected per meter x qz x Cf x Height

Wind Moment = Wind Load x Height (from ground to center point of component)

Wind Load and Moment of Mast

Height Wind pressure(qz) Wind load Moment
kPa kN kNm
0.0m – 5.0m 1.82 18.97 47.44
5.0m – 10.0m 2.01 20.96 157.16
10.0m – 20.0m 2.23 46.50 697.46
20.0m – 28.5m 2.57 45.55 1104.56
Total: 131.98 2006.62

Wind Load and Moment of Slewing

Height of Slewing = 2.99 m
Width of slewing = 4.26 m
Effective projected Area A = 12.74 m²
(2.99 x 4.26)
Boundary area of the frame of oblique view = 5.62 m²
Force coefficient Cf = 1.0

Wind Load = Effective Projected per meter x qz x Cf x Height

Wind Moment = Wind Load x Height (from ground to center point of component)

Wind Load and Moment of slewing

Height Wind pressure(qz) Wind load Moment
kPa kN kNm
28.5m – 31.5m 2.57 32.74 981.89
Total: 32.74 981.89

P.8 / 22
Wind Load and Moment of counter weight block
Height = 2.812 m
Width = 3.6 m
Effective projected Area A = Height x width = 10.12 m²
Effective projected Area per meter Am = A / Height = 3.60 m²
Boundary area of the frame = 10.12 m²
Force coefficient Cf = 1.0

Wind Load = Effective Projected per meter x qz x Cf x Height

Wind Moment = Wind Load x Height (from ground to center point of component)

Wind Load and Moment of Counter Weight Block

Height Wind pressure(qz) Wind load Moment
kPa kN kNm
31.5m – 34.3m 2.57 26.02 855.84
Total: 26.02 855.84

Wind Load and Moment of luffing jib (Parking position)

Jib length = 40 m
Jib width = 1.7 m
Parking Angle = 60
Solidity ratio = 0.3
Force coefficient Cf = 1.7

Wind Load = Effective Projected per meter x qz x Cf x Height

Wind Moment = Wind Load x Height (from ground to center point of component)

Wind Load and Moment of Luffing Jib

Height Wind pressure(qz) Wind load Moment
kPa kN kNm
42.7m – 66.1m 2.73 55.49 3019.05
Total: 55.49 3019.05

P.9 / 22
Wind Load and Moment of Tower head
Height = 11.198 m
Width = 2m
Boundary area of the frame = 16.77 m²
Ab = (Height of Tower head - Height of counter block) x tower head width
Solidity ratio = 0.5
Force coefficient Cf = 1.6

Wind Load = Effective Projected per meter x qz x Cf x Height

Wind Moment = Wind Load x Height (from ground to center point of component)

Wind Load and Moment of Tower Head

Height Wind pressure(qz) Wind load Moment
kPa kN kNm
34.3m – 42.7m 2.57 34.48 1327.43
Total: 34.48 1327.43

Internal Moment of Tower Crane

Weight of 40m jibs = 52.0 kN
Parking Angle = 60
Moment arm = Length x cos(parking angle)/2 = 10.0 m
Moment of Jib = W x moment arm = 520.18 kNm

Moment arm of counter weight = 7.5 m

Counter weight = 20000 * 9.81 / 1000 = 196.2 kN
Moment of Counter weight = 1471.5 kNm

Moment arm of hoist winch & luffing winch = 4m

Counter weight = (6500 + 4500)* 9.81 / 1000 = 107.91 kN
Moment of Counter weight = 431.64 kNm

Moment arm of counter jib = 3.75 m

Counter weight = 6500 * 9.81 / 1000 = 63.765 kN
Moment of Counter weight = 239.12 kNm

P.10 / 22
 Design Load of Tower Crane
Wind Moment Appiled on TC = 5734 kNm
(Wind Moment of jib + Wind Moment of Mast + Wind Moment of Slewing+ Wind Moment of tower
head + Wind Moment of Counter weight) x 0.7
Counter Moment Appiled on TC = 1622 kNm
(Moment of counter Jib + Moment of counter weight + Moment of luffing winch
+ Moment of hoist winch - Moment of jib)
Self Weight of TC = 726.8 kN
Max. Hoisting Load = 176.4 kN
In-service Moment = 3717 kNm
Total Moment Appiled on TC = 4112 kNm
Total Wind drag = 196.5 kN

In–service M – Moment W – Weight Fh – Wind drag

S.L.S 3436.00kNm 894.00kN 30.00kN
Load Factor 1.6 1.4 1.4
U.L.S. 5497.60kNm 1251.60kN 42.00kN
Out–of–service Moment Weight Wind drag
S.L.S 4111.51kNm 723.00kN 196.49kN
Load Factor 1.4 1.4 1.4
U.L.S. 5756.11kNm 1012.20kN 275.08kN

Force applied on each foot

Orthogonal direction
In-service Out-of-service
A = W / 4 + M / 2.0m / 2 = 1687.30kN 1692.08kN
B = W / 4 + M / 2.0m / 2 = 1687.30kN 1692.08kN
C = W / 4 – M / 2.0m / 2 = -1193.65kN -1258.28kN
D = W / 4 – M / 2.0m / 2 = -1193.65kN -1258.28kN
Diagonal direction
In-service Out-of-service
A = W/4 = 312.90kN 253.05kN
B = W / 4 + M / 2.0m /√2 = 2256.60kN 2288.14kN
C = W/4 = 312.90kN 253.05kN
D = W / 4 - M / 2.0m /√2 = -1762.95kN -1854.34kN

Maximum tension force applied on one foot = 1854.34kN

Maximum compression force applied on one foot = 2288.14kN
Horizontial shear on each foot = 275.08kN / 4 = 68.77kN

P.11 / 22
8. Stability check

Size of concrete block

Length = 8 m
Width = 8 m
Height = 1.5 m
Weight = 2352 kN

P.12 / 22
Checking Overturning

In-service(X-X Direction)
Max. Moment 3436 + ( 30 x 1.5m ) = 3481 kNm
Max. Weight 723 + ( 8.0 x 8.0m x 1.5m ) x 24.5 = 3075 kN
Eccentricity e = M/W = 1.13 m

Overturning moment = (Fh × Height of concrete + M) x 2 = 6962.00 kNm

(Factored)

Avaliable resistance = (Concrete weight +TC weight) × 4.0 = 12300.00 kNm

> 6962.00 kNm
Satisfactory

Out-of-service(X-X Direction)
Max. Moment 4112 + ( 196 x 1.5m ) = 4406 kNm
Max. Weight 723 + ( 8.0 x 8.0m x 1.5m ) x 24.5 = 3075 kN
Eccentricity e = M/W = 1.43 m

Overturning moment = (Fh × Height of concrete + M) x 2 = 8812.48 kNm

(Factored)

Avaliable resistance = (Concrete weight +TC weight) × 4.0 = 12300.00 kNm

> 8812.48 kNm
Satisfactory

P.13 / 22
In-service(Y-Y Direction)
Max. Moment 3436 + ( 30 x 1.5m ) = 3481 kNm
Max. Weight 723 + ( 8.0 x 8.0m x 1.5m ) x 24.5 = 3075 kN
Eccentricity e = M/W = 1.13 m

Overturning moment = (Fh × Height of concrete + M) x 2 = 6962.00 kNm

(Factored)

Avaliable resistance = (Concrete weight +TC weight) × 4.0 = 12300.00 kNm

> 6962.00 kNm
Satisfactory

Out-of-service(Y-Y Direction)
Max. Moment 4112 + ( 196 x 1.5m ) = 4406 kNm
Max. Weight 723 + ( 8.0 x 8.0m x 1.5m ) x 24.5 = 3075 kN
Eccentricity e = M/W = 1.43 m

Overturning moment = (Fh × Height of concrete + M) x 2 = 8812.48 kNm

(Factored)

Avaliable resistance = (Concrete weight +TC weight) × 4.0 = 12300.00 kNm

> 8812.48 kNm
Satisfactory

P.14 / 22
Checking sliding

In-service

Total weight = W = 3075 kN

Wind drag = Fh x 1.5 = 45.00 kN

(Factored)

Avaliable resistance = Total weight × μc = 922.50 kN

> 45.00 kN
Satisfactory

Out-of-service

Total weight = W = 3075 kN

Wind drag = Fh x 1.5 = 294.73 kN

(Factored)

Avaliable resistance = Total weight × μc = 922.50 kN

> 294.73 kN
Satisfactory

P.15 / 22
Checking ground bearing pressure

Only the critial case(Y-Y direction) will be checked

8000

1132
P1 e
a = 3000
P2

P3

In-service

Max. Moment = 3481.0 kNm

Max. Weight = 3075.0 kN
Eccentricity e = M/W = 1.13 m
Width B = 8.00 m
Length L = 8.00 m
Width / 6 = 1.33 m
> e
Distance from edge to mast a = 3m
Effective width Y =B = 8.0 m

Min. ground bearing pressure P1 = (W – 6M / B)/ LB = 9.93 kPa

Max. ground bearing pressure P2 = (W + 6M / B)/ LB = 91.51 kPa
< Pallow = 102.06 kPa
Satisfactory

Factored load ( For concrete block calculation only )

Eccentricity e = M/W = 1.81 m
Width B = 8.00 m
Length L = 8.00 m
Width / 6 = 1.33 m
< e
Distance from edge to mast a = 3m
Effective width Y = 3 × (B / 2 – e) = 6.58 m

P1 = 0.00 kPa
P2 = 2 × W / LY = 163.69 kPa
P3 = (P2 – P1) / Y × ( Y - a ) + P1 = 89.00 kPa

P.16 / 22
 8000

1433
P1 e
a = 3000
P2
P3

Out-of-service

Max. Moment = 4406.2 kNm

Max. Weight = 3075.0 kN
Eccentricity e = M/W = 1.43 m
Width B = 8.00 m
Length L = 8.00 m
Width / 6 = 1.33 m
< e
Distance from edge to mast a = 3 m
Effective width Y = 3 × (B / 2 – e) = 7.70 m

Min. ground bearing pressure P1 = 0.00 kPa

Max. ground bearing pressure P2 = 2 × W / LY = 99.82 kPa
< Pallow = 102.06 kPa
Satisfactory

Factored load ( For concrete block calculation only )

Eccentricity e = M/W = 1.87 m
Width B = 8.00 m
Length L = 8.00 m
Width / 6 = 1.33 m
< e
Distance from edge to mast a = 3m
Effective width Y = 3 × (B / 2 – e) = 6.38 m

P1 = 0.00 kPa
P2 = 2 × W / LY = 139.75 kPa
P3 = (P2 – P1) / Y × ( Y - a ) + P1 = 74.08 kPa

P.17 / 22
Checking structural integrity of the base block

In-service
Only the critial case(Y-Y direction) will be checked
*Factored load will be considered in the following calculation

P2 = 163.69 kPa
P3 = 89.00 kPa
L = 8.00 m
a = 3.00 m
fCU = 45.0 MPa

Max. shear force Vc = (P2 + P3) × a × L / 2 = 3032.27 kN

Max. moment Mc = (2P2 + P3) × a2 × L / 6 = 4996.52 kNm
Effective depth d = 1500 – 50.0 – 20 = 1430.00 mm
K = Mc / (L × d2 × fcu) = 0.0068
< 0.156
No additional compression reinforment is required.
z = d × [0.5 + √(0.25 - K / 0.9)] = 1419.13 mm
> 0.95d= 1358.50
Take z = 1358.50mm
As(required) = Mc / 0.87fyz = 9190.33 mm2
As(provided) = π × 20 2
/ 4 / 200 × L = 12566.37 mm2
> 9190.33 mm2
Satisfactory
Shear stress v =Vc / Ld = 0.27 MPa
< pvc
100As / Ld = 0.110
400 / d = 0.28
< 1
Take 400 / d = 1.00
Partial safety factor γm = 1.25
1/3 1/3 1/4
Design shear stress vc = 0.79 (100As / Ld) (fcu/25) (400/d) / γm
= 0.37 MPa
Asv = π / 4×16^2 × 8000 / 400 = 4021.24mm
vr = 4021.24 / 400 / 8000 × 0.87 × 460.0 = 0.50MPa
vc + vr = 0.87MPa
> v
Satisfactory

P.18 / 22
Out-of-service
Only the critial case(Y-Y direction) will be checked
*Factored load will be considered in the following calculation

P2 = 139.75 kPa
P3 = 74.08 kPa
L = 8.00 m
a = 3.00 m
fCU = 45.0 MPa

Max. shear force Vc = (P2 + P3) × a × L / 2 = 2565.98 kN

Max. moment Mc = (2P2 + P3) × a2 × L / 6 = 4242.98 kNm
Effective depth d = 1500 – 50.0 – 20 = 1430.00 mm
K = Mc / (L × d2 × fcu) = 0.0058
< 0.156
No additional compression reinforment is required.
z = d × [0.5 + √(0.25 - K / 0.9)] = 1420.78 mm
> 0.95d= 1358.50
Take z = 1358.50mm
As(required) = Mc / 0.87fyz = 7804.31 mm2
As(provided) = π × 20 2
/ 4 / 200 × L = 12566.37 mm2
> 7804.31 mm2
Satisfactory
Shear stress v =Vc / Ld = 0.22 MPa
< pvc
100As / Ld = 0.110
400 / d = 0.28
< 1
Take 400 / d = 1.00
Partial safety factor γm = 1.25
1/3 1/3 1/4
Design shear stress vc = 0.79 (100As / Ld) (fcu/25) (400/d) / γm
= 0.37 MPa
Asv = π / 4×16^2 × 8000 / 400 = 4021.24mm
vr = 4021.24 / 400 / 8000 × 0.87 × 460.0 = 0.50MPa
vc + vr = 0.87MPa
> v
Satisfactory

P.19 / 22
Checking punching stress created by crane foots

Foot anchor size 700.0mm × 700.0mm

T20-200 c/c T20-200 c/c

700

600
1500
700mm X 700mm
800

T20-200 c/c
T20-200 c/c

Tension

Leg perimeter = (700 + 700) x 2 = 2800.0mm

Maximum tension force applied Ft = 1854.34kN

Effective depth above anchor dt = 700–50.0–2.5 × T20 = 600.0mm

Maximum shear stress vmax =Ft / dt / leg perimeter = 0.55MPa

< pvc
Satisfactory

Punching shear stress vp =Ft / dt / (leg perimeter + 8 × 1.5 × dt)

= 0.31MPa
vr = = 0.50MPa
vc = = 0.37MPa
vp < vc + vr
Satisfactory

P.20 / 22
 700

1500
700mm X 700mm

700
800

T20-200 c/c
T20-200 c/c

Compression

Leg perimeter = (700 + 700) x 2 = 2800.0mm

Maximum compression force applied Fc = 2288.14kN

Effective depth below anchor dc = 1500 - 700–50.0–2.5 × T20 = 700.0mm

Maximum shear stress vmax =Fc / dc / leg perimeter = 1.17MPa

< pvc
Satisfactory

Punching shear stress vp =Fc / dc / (leg perimeter + 8 × 1.5 × dc)

= 0.29MPa
vr = = 0.50MPa
vc = = 0.37MPa
vp < vc + vr
Satisfactory

P.21 / 22
9. Appendix
Foundation loading data provided by the manufacturer
(Extracted)

P.22 / 22