HEAT LOAD ESTIMATION
E 20 MANUAL METHOD
THINGS TO CONSIDER BEFORE HEAT
LOAD ESTIMATION
ORIENTATION OF THE BUILDING AND LATITUDE
APPLICATION OF THE BUILDING
DIMENSIONS OF THE BUILDING
HEIGHT UPTO THE CEILING
HEIGHT UPTO THE FALSE CEILING
IS THE ROOF EXPOSED
HEIGHT OF THE BEAM AND PROJECTIONS OF THE COLUMN
SIZE AND NUMBER OF WINDOWS
WHETHER WINDOWS ARE SHADED
MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION OF WALL, CEILING / ROOF.
OUTSIDE DESIGN CONDITIONS
INSIDE DESIGN CONDITIONS
NO OF PERSONS
LIGHTING LOAD AND TYPE OF LIGHT
MACINERY LOAD AND DURATION OF OPERATION
OTHER ADDITIONAL LOADS
DURATION OF OPERATION
SPACE TO LOCATE VARIOUS EQUIPMENTS
VENTILATION REQUIREMENTS
DETAILS OF EXHAUST IF ANY
LEVEL OF CLEANLINESS TO BE MAINTAINED
AVAILABILITY OF SOFTWATER AND ELECTRICITY
OTHER RELEVANT INFORMATIONS
OUTSIDE DESIGN DATA FROM ISHRAE HANDBOOK
LOCATION: COCHIN ( page 119)
DAILY RANGE = 10°F
LATITUDE = 9.58 °N
SUMMER
DBT = 95
WBT = 82
RH = 58
REQUIRED INSIDE CONDITIONS
DBT = 75°F
RH = 50%
DBT (°F) WBT (°F) RH (%) W (gr / lb)
OUTSIDE DESIGN DATA 95 82 58 146
INSIDE DESIGN DATA 75 62 50 65
ΔT = OUTSIDE DBT– INSIDE DBT
= 95 – 75 = 20°F
ΔW = OUTSIDE W – INSIDE W
= 146 – 65 = 81 gr/lb
STEP 1:
SOLAR HEAT GAIN THROUGH EXPOSED GLASS ( page 46)
Q = BTU/(hr)( [Link] window sash area) x WINDOW SASH AREA x OVERALL FACTOR x
CORRECTION FACTOR x STORAGE FACTOR
WEST WINDOW:
Q = 158 x (3 x 4) x 1 x 1.17 x 1
= 2218.32 BTU/hr
NORTH WINDOW:
Q = 39 x (3 x 3 ) x 1 x 1.17 x 1
= 410.62 BTU/hr
STEP 2:
TRANSFERRED HEAT GAIN THROUGH EXPOSED GLASS (page 108)
Q = U x A x ΔT
WEST WINDOW:
Q = 1.13 x (3 x 4) x 20
= 271.2 BTU/hr
NORTH WINDOW:
Q = 1.13 x (3 x 3) x 20
= 203.4 BTU/hr
STEP 3:
HEAT GAIN THROUGH WALL ( page 58)
Q = U x A x ΔT
ΔT = Equivalent Temperature + Correction Factor ( page 52)
NORTH WALL = 0.25 x [(12 x 11) – (3 x 3)] x (8+10)
= 553.5 BTU / hr
WEST WALL = 0.25 x [( 15 x 11 ) – (3x4)] x (28 + 10)
= 1453.5 BTU / hr
STEP 4:
HEAT GAIN THROUGH ROOF
Q = U x A x ΔT
ΔT = Equivalent Temperature + Correction Factor ( page 53)
Q = 0.25 x (12 x 15) x (37+10)
= 2115 BTU / hr
NOTE:
IF THE ROOF IS NOT EXPOSED ie CEILING ΔTactual = ΔT – 5 i.e. 20 -5 =15°F
IF THE ABOVE FLOOR IS AIR CONDTIONED, THERE IS NO NEED TO CONSIDER
CEILING
STEP 5:
HEAT GAIN THROUGH FLOOR
Q = U x A x ΔT
ΔTactual = ΔT – 5 = 20-5 = 15°F
Q = 0.34 x (12 x 15) x 15
= 918 BTU/hr
NOTE:
IF THERE IS A FLOOR BELOW, ΔTactual = ΔT – 5 i.e. 20 -5 =15°F
IF THE BELOW FLOOR IS AIR CONDTIONED, THERE IS NO NEED TO CONSIDER FLOOR
STEP 6:
HEAT GAIN THROUGH PARTITION WALL ( page 58)
Q = U x A x ΔT
ΔTactual = ΔT – 5 = 20-5 = 15°F
Q = 0.31 x (15 x 11)x 15
= 767.25 BTU / hr
NOTE:
IF THE NEARBY ROOM IS AIR CONDTIONED, THERE IS NO NEED TO CONSIDER
PATITION WALL
STEP 7:
HEAT GAIN THROUGH OUTSIDE AIR ( FRESH AIR) ( page 82)
REQUIRED OUTSIDE AIR CFM = NO OF PERSONS x CFM/PERSON + AREA (in [Link]) x
CFM/[Link]
= 2 x 5 + 180 x 0.06
=20.8 CFM
QSENSIBLE = 1.08 x CFM x BYPASS FACTOR x ΔT
= 44.928 BTU /hr
QLATENT = 0.68 x CFM x BYPASS FACTOR x ΔW
= 114.56 BTU / hr
STEP 8:
HEAT GAIN THROUGH INFILTRATION
CRACK METHOD
INFILTERED AIR CFM = Crack length x Leakage rate per hour / 60
ACH METHOD
INFILTERED AIR CFM = VOLUME x ACH / 60
ACH Range = 0.5 – 1.5
INFILTERED AIR CFM = 12 x 15x 11 x 1 /60
= 33 CFM
QSENSIBLE = 1.08 x CFM x ΔT
= 712.8 BTU / hr
QLATENT = 0.68 x CFM x ΔW
= 1817.64 BTU / hr
STEP 9:
HEAT GAIN FROM INTERNALS ( page 124 )
a) HEAT GAIN DUE TO OCCUPANCY
QSENSIBLE = NO OF PERSONS x SENSIBLE HEAT PER PERSON DUE TO METABOLIC
ACTIVITY
= 2 x 245 = 490 BTU / hr
QLATENT = NO OF PERSONS x LATENT HEAT PER PERSON DUE TO METABOLIC ACTIVITY
= 2 x 205 = 410 BTU / hr
b) HEAT GAIN DUE TO LIGHTING ( page 109 )
Q = WATTAGE x 3.41
= watt / [Link] x [Link] x 3.41
= 1 x 180 x 3.41
= 613.8 BTU / hr
c) HEAT GAIN DUE TO ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
Q = WATTAGE x USAGE FACTOR x 3.41
USAGE FACTOR = Operating hours / 24 hours
Q = 150 x (4/24) x 3.41
= 85.25 BTU /hr
Q TOTAL SENSIBLE =
Q TOTAL LATENT =
ADDING 10% AS SAFETY FACTOR TO BOTH SENSIBLE HEAT AND LATENT HEAT
Q TOTAL SENSIBLE =
Q TOTAL LATENT =
Q TOTAL =Q SENSIBLE +Q LATENT
TR = QTOTAL / 12000
=
