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HDLC Frame Types Explained

HDLC frame types include I-frames, S-frames, and U-frames. I-frames carry user information and include sequence numbers and poll/final bits. S-frames are supervisory frames with codes like RR, RNR, REJ, and SREJ. U-frames are unnumbered frames that carry management information and have 2-bit and 3-bit codes for functions like SNRM, SARM, SABM, and FRMR.

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122 views3 pages

HDLC Frame Types Explained

HDLC frame types include I-frames, S-frames, and U-frames. I-frames carry user information and include sequence numbers and poll/final bits. S-frames are supervisory frames with codes like RR, RNR, REJ, and SREJ. U-frames are unnumbered frames that carry management information and have 2-bit and 3-bit codes for functions like SNRM, SARM, SABM, and FRMR.

Uploaded by

Shahzeb Khan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

HDLC Frame Types

I-frame S-frame U-frame

I-Frame: Information Frame

Flag Addres Contro Info FCS flag


s l

0 N(S) P/F N(R)


(1- (3-bits) (1- (3-bits)
bit) bit)
Information in I-frame
is the user information or payload coming from upper layers.
Consider the control field of I-frame:

• The first bit is ‘0’ informing the receiver that it is an I-frame

• N(S): Sequence number of frame sent

• P/F bit: Poll/Final bit: P=1 denotes that Primary is active; F=1
denotes that secondary is active. (for details, refer to book)

• N(R): Sequence number of next frame expected


S-Frame: Supervisory Frame

Flag Addres Contro FCS flag


s l

10 Code P/F N(R)


(2-bits) (2-bits) (1-bit) (3-bits)

The first 2 bits (10) show that it is an S-frame.

• Code: Applicable for S and U-frames only. A 2 bit field which


is interpreted as follows:

o 00: RR (Receive Ready)

o 10: RNR (Receive Not Ready)

o 01: REJ (Reject)

o 11 SREJ (Selective Reject)

U-Frame: Unnumbered Frame

Flag Addres Contro Info FCS flag


s l

11 Code P/F Code


(2-bits) (2-bits) (1-bit) (3-bits)

The first 2 bits (11) show that it is a U-frame.

U-frame codes are divided into two sections:

 2 bit prefix before P/F bit


 3 bit suffix after P/F bit

The important combinations are as shown in the table below:

2 bit 3 bit Functional


Code code Description
00 001 SNRM: Set
Normal Response
Mode
11 000 SARM: Set
Asynchronous
Response Mode
11 100 SABM: Set
Asynchronous
balance Mode
10 001 FRMR: Frame
Reject

Information in U-frame is the Management Information which


is required or managing the network.

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