University of Cape Town

Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics

Mathematics II Advanced Calculus (2AC)
Class Test 1 18th March 2009

Time: 1.5 hrs Marks Available: 55 Full Mark: 50

Section A

In this section full answers are expected. Marks will be deducted for incomplete solutions.

1. Given the curve C described by the vector function r(t) = (cos2 t − sin2 t, sin t cos t, t − π).

(a) Show that the curve C lies on the elliptic cylinder x2 + 4y 2 = 1.

(b) Find the unit tangent vector T (0).
(c) Show that the curvature of C at the point (1, 0, −π) is equal to 2.
(d) Find the cartesian equation of the plane P perpendicular to the curve C at the point (1, 0, −π).

[2, 2, 5,2]


 x sin y

 p 2 if (x, y) 6= (0, 0),
x + y2
2. Consider the function f (x, y) =



0 if (x, y) = (0, 0) .

(a) Study the continuity of f at (0, 0).

(b) Find fx (0, 0) and fy (0, 0) if they exist.
(c) Is the function f differentiable at (0, 0)?

[2, 2, 4]

3. Find the directional derivative of the function f (x, y, z) = ln(xy) + ln(yz) + ln(xz) at the point
(1, 1, 1) in the direction of the vector u = (1, −1, −2).
[3]
 Section B

In this section, indicate only the correct answer by filling in a, b, c, d, or e in the relevant box
provided on the attached sheet. Working will not be marked.

µ ¶
x−y
1. If f (x, y) = arctan , then
1 + xy
(a) fxx − fyy = 0; (b) (1 + y 2 )fx − (1 + x2 )fy = 0;

(c) ∇f (0, 0) = (−1, 1); (d) (1 + x2 )fx + (1 + y 2 )fy = 0;

(e) (1 + x2 )fx + (1 + y 2 )fy = 1.

[3]

2. The value of the real number α such that the function



 α(ex − 1) sin y
 if x 6= 0 and y 6= 0,
f (x, y) := xy


 1 if x = 0 or y = 0

is continuous at (0, 0) is equal to

1
(a) 0; (b) 2
; (c) −1; (d) 1; (e) e.
[3]

3. If a is a number in the interval (0, π2 ), then the length of the curve described by the vector function
r(t) = (et cos t, et sin t, 3) with 0 ≤ t ≤ a is equal to
√ √ ea √
(a) 2ea ; (b) 2(ea − 1); (c) √ ; (d) ea − 1; (e) e−a − 2.
2
[3]

4. Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true:

p √
y 2 + 1 − x2 + 1 1
(i) lim 2 2
=− ;
(x,y)→(0,0) x −y 2
(ii) if f, g : R → R are twice differentiable, then the function u(t, x) := f (x + ct) − g(x − ct)
satisfies the equation utt − c2 uxx = 0;
(iii) the arc length parametrization ¡γ(s) of
¡ s the
¢ curve
¡ s ¢described
¢ by r(t) = (3 cos t, 3 sin t, 4t) with
4s
0 ≤ t ≤ 2π is γ(s) = r(s/5) = 3 cos 5 , 3 sin 5 , 5 with 0 ≤ s ≤ 10π;
(iv) if C is a regular (smooth) curve described by the vector equation r : R → R3 , then the cur-
|r 0 (t0 ) × r 00 (t0 )|
vature κ(t0 ) of C at the point with vector position r(t0 ) is given by κ(t0 ) = ;
|r(t0 )|3
1
(v) if f (x, y) = arctan y then ∇f (x, y) = ;
1 + y2
p
x2 y 2 p 4 − 4 cos( |xy|
(vi) since 2|xy| − < 4 − 4 cos( |xy| < 2|xy|, then lim = 0.
6 (x,y)→(0,0) |xy|

(a) (i),(ii), (iii) (iv); (b) (ii), (iii), (v); (c) (i), (iv), (vi); (d) (i), (iii), (vi); (e) (i), (ii), (iii).
[6]
 √ √ 2
5. If C is the curve described by the vector function
√ √ r(t) = (√ 2t, −√ 2t, 1 − t ), −1 ≤ t ≤ 3, then
the length of the arc of the curve C from (− 2, 2, 0) to ( 2, − 2, 0) is given by
Z π Z 3 Z π
4 4
3 3
(a) L = 2 sec θdθ; (b) L = 2 sec θdθ; (c) L = 2 sec3 θdθ;
0 −1 − π4

Z π Z 1
4
3
(d) L = sec θdθ; (e) L = 2 sec3 θdθ.
0 −1
[3]
√
6. The level surface of the function f (x, y, z) = ln(x2 +y 2 +z 2 ) passing through the point (−1, 1, 2) is

(a) a circle lying on the plane x = −1; √

(b) the sphere with centre the origin
√ and radius 2;
(c) a circle lying on the plane z = 2;
(d) not a sphere;
(e) the sphere with centre the origin and radius 2.
[3]
Z x
7. If a > 0, b > 0 and f (x, y, z) = cos(t2 )dt + arctan z then
y
√ √ √ √
(a) ∇f ( a, −√ b, 0) = (cos a, − cos b, 1); (b) ∇f ( a, −√b, 0) = (cos a, − sin b, 1);
√ √
(c) ∇f ( a, −√b, 0) = (sin a, − sin b, 1; (d) ∇f ( a, − b, 0) = (sin a, − cos b, 1);
√
(e) ∇f ( a, − b, 0) = (cos a, cos b, 1).
[3]
8. Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true:
(i) if f : R2 → R is not differentiable at (0, 0), then fx (0, 0) and fx (0, 0) dot not exist;
(ii) if f : R2 → R is differentiable at (a, b), the tangent plane to the graph of f at the point
(a, b, f (a, b)) has cartesian equation: fx (a, b)(x − a) + fy (a, b)(y − b) − z + f (a, b) = 0;
(iii) if the functions f : R2 → R and r : R → R2 are such that r is twice differentiable at t and f
is differentiable at r 0 (t), then f ◦ r 0 is differentiable at t and (f ◦ r 0 )0 (t) = ∇f (r 00 (t)) · r 0 (t);
(iv) if f : R2 → R is such that fx (0, 0) = fy (0, 0) = 0, then f is not continuous at (0, 0).

(a) (i), (ii), (iv); (b) (i), (iii), (iv); (c) (iii), (iv); (d) (i), (iii); (e) (ii).
[4]
9. The vector function r(t) = (arcsin(t + 2), ln |t + 2|, arctan(t2 − t − 1)) has domain
(a) D = [−3, −1]. (b) D = (−3, −2); (c) D = (−2, −1];
(d) D = [−3, −2) ∪ (−2, −1]; (e) [−3, −2).
[2]
10. If g is a function differentiable at (a, b) such ∇g(a, b) = (2, 3), then the two unit vectors u = (x, y)
such that Du g(a, b) = 0 are
³ ´ ³ ´ ³ ´ ³ ´
3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2
(a) u1 = √
13
, − 13 and u2 = − 13 , 13 ; (b) u1 =
√ √ √ √
13
, 13 and u2 = − 13 , − 13 ;
√ √ √

³ ´ ³ ´ ³ ´ ³ ´
(c) u1 = √2 , − √3 2 3
and u2 = − 13 , 13 ;
√ √ (d) u1 = √2 , √3 and u2 = − √213 , − √313 ;
13 13 13 13

³ ´ ³ ´
(e) u1 = √2 , √3 and u2 = − √25 , − √35 .
5 5
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