FRIT 7231 Instructional Design
Design Document
Heather Hodges
Dr. Hodges
Fall 2016
Identification of Learning Problem
The target audience for my module is kindergarten students from Langston Road
Elementary School in Houston County. They are 5-6 years old and come for higher income
families. Most of these families are involved in their child’s academic career. Children this
young have short attention spans but usually enjoy working with technology so this module
should be fun and educational for them.
My needs assessment is based on anticipated/future needs. The teacher I am working with
has taught kindergarten for 10 years so I am using her prior knowledge. The learning problem
she has seen in the past is that students have difficulties when learning math word problems to
10. The students have difficulty determining whether to use addition or subtraction in these word
problems. This is a skill that is built upon later in their education so it is important that they learn
how to do these problems correctly. The standard for this skill is addressed in [Link].2-
Solving addition and subtraction word problems, and add and subtract within 10, e.g. by using
objects or drawings to represent the problem. As for instruction the teacher uses manipulatives
to help students learn how to add and subtract as the standard calls for them.
Goal: Students will be able to determine when to use addition and subtraction when solving
word problems.
Learner Analysis
The target audience is kindergartner students. They are all 5 years old at this time but
most will be 6 years old when this module is conducted. There are 9 boys and 9 girls in this class
making the total 18 students. There are 2 African American students and 16 Caucasian students.
8 of these students attended Pre-k at Langston Road Elementary last year. These students all
come from high income families and the parents are involved with their child’s progress in
school. Children at this age are very excited to learn about the world around them and have a
great desire to learn. They do have short attention spans so lessons have to be shorter and using
hands on materials seems to work best for them.
Goal: Students will be able to determine when to use addition and subtraction when solving
word problems.
Task Analysis
For my task analysis I am using a topic analysis. A topic analysis defines the facts,
concepts, principles, and rules that make up final instruction. From our reading this analysis
seemed best because it identifies the focus of the content and the structure of the components.
My subject-matter expert is Mrs. Williamson from Langston Road. She is friend and was
my son’s kindergarten teacher last year. She has taught kindergarten for 10 years so she knows
what these students need to learn in order to move to first grade and she is able to identify any
problems that students have when learning the curriculum.
I. Addition
A. Review with students how to add two numbers together
1. Use manipulatives to add numbers together
2. Examples: 2+3=5. 9+1=10, 3+3=6
II. Subtraction
A. Review with students how to subtract two numbers
1. Use manipulatives to subtract numbers
2. Examples: 7-2=5, 5-1=4, 7-0=7
III. Word Problems
A. Words/Phrases used in addition word problems
1. Altogether
2. Many
3. In all
B. Words/Phrases used in subtraction word problems
1. Less
2. Left
3. Take away
C. Practice word problems together
1. Addition
a. I have one apple. Sarah gives me another apple. How many apples
do I have in all?
b. John has 5 apples. Pat gives him 2 apples. How many apples does
John have now?
2. Subtraction
a. Kendall has 2 apples. She eats 1 apple. How many apples does
Kendall have left?
b. Isaac has 6 apples. Matt takes away 2 apples. How many apples
does Isaac have now?
Instructional Objectives
Cognitive Objectives
1. Given a word problem, students will be able to determine if the problem is solved using
addition and subtraction and indicate the proper choice by selecting + or – following the
problem.
2. Students will be able to solve addition and subtraction word problems with and without
manipulatives.
Assessment
For my assessment I looked back at my objectives. The first objective is that given a word
problem students can solve the problem and indicate the proper choice of + or – and the second
objective is that the students solve addition and subtraction word problems using manipulatives.
For these objectives I developed two types of word problems that satisfy the differentiation part
of our rubric as students’ show they can solve a word problem and distinguish between addition
and subtraction. One type allows students to solve the word problem by reading the problem then
using images as manipulatives to help them add or subtract depending on the problem. The
second type of question allows students to read the problem then choose whether the problem is
addition (+) or subtraction (-). Examples of each type of question are found in the appendix at the
end of this document. This satisfies the part of our rubric that states our assessments should
cover our goals and objectives.
Content and Sequencing
Sequence Description Objective
1 Review words associated 1
with addition and subtraction
in word problems
2 Practice addition and 1&2
subtraction word problems
with image manipulatives
Step 1: Review words associated with addition and subtraction word problems.
Strategy: Concept
Application: Rehearse/recall words used to represent addition and
subtraction.
Step 2: Practice addition and subtraction word problems as a class with manipulatives.
Strategy: Concept
Application: Identifying addition and subtraction in word problems and
solving problem.
For differentiation in this module the students will explore several different types of reviews
with addition and subtraction words problems. Students will complete word problems with
image manipulatives and will complete problems that ask only if the problem is addition or
subtraction. Students will also have the opportunity to complete word problems without image
manipulatives.
Instructional Design Summary
Gain Inform Activate Delivery of Feedback Differentiation
attention about prior content and UDL
objectives knowledge
A greeting Objectives Review Video, audio, Each website Students can
with a cute will be read addition and and written game gives choose to do
puppy. to students subtraction text students either addition
and problems. delivering automatic or subtraction
explained word feedback of or can do a
with audio. problem correct or combination of
content and incorrect each. Students
links to can read or
websites for listen to word
activities problems and
do problems
with or without
manipulatives.
Sequence Description Objective
1 Review words associated 1
with addition and subtraction
in word problems
2 Practice addition and 1&2
subtraction word problems
with image manipulatives
Activity Description Objective
[Link] Reads students addition and 1&2
subtraction word problems up to
10 with manipulatives.
[Link] Reads students addition word 2
problems with manipulatives to
help count.
[Link] Reads students subtraction word 1&2
problems up to 10 without
numbers-up-to-10
manipulatives
[Link] Reads students subtraction word 1&2
problems up to 5 without
numbers-up-to-5
manipulatives
[Link] Reads students addition word 1&2
problems up to 10 without
sums-up-to-10
manipulatives
[Link] Reads students addition word 1&2
problems up to 5 without
sums-up-to-5
manipulatives
Assessment Description Objective
[Link] This assessment has a section of 1&2
addition and subtraction word
problems to 10 with image
manipulatives to help them count.
The second section has addition and
subtraction word problems and
students must determine whether to
problem is addition or subtraction.
Formative Evaluation Plan
The subject matter expert that will serve as my expert reviewer is Melissa Williamson. She is the
teacher whose class I am using to pilot this module. She has been teaching kindergarten for 10
years and because of this she has seen what students excel at and what they have trouble
understanding when it comes to the academic material. She also knows how to engage the
students to make learning fun.
SME Survey
On a scale from 1-6 rate this module.
1-Strongly disagree 2-Disagree 3-Somewhat disagree 4-Somewhat agree 5-Agree 6-Strongly
Agree
Content Appropriateness and Accuracy
Are the activities in this module appropriate for your students?
1 2 3 4 5 6
Is the information in this module accurate?
1 2 3 4 5 6
Is the information presented in a way that students will understand?
1 2 3 4 5 6
Completeness
Does this module cover everything students must learn in regards to the unit?
1 2 3 4 5 6
Does the module include enough instruction for your students to succeed?
1 2 3 4 5 6
Usability and Appeal
Would you use this module to teach future classes?
1 2 3 4 5 6
Would your students find this module fun yet educational?
1 2 3 4 5 6
Comments:
Do you have any suggestions to make this module better?
A student/learner assessment completed by a test audience will show me what I need to work
on to make this module more user friendly. It will also tell me what needs to be improved and
what the strengths of this module are. Since it is for kindergarten student assessment will also
show if the module kept their attention and if they thought it was fun.
Test Audience Survey
Underline yes or no.
Time
Did you finish this module fast? Yes No
Was this module easy? Yes No
Was this module hard? Yes No
Usability
Was this module easy to use? Yes No
Were the games in this module easy to use? Yes No
Appeal
Was this lesson fun? Yes No
Did you learn anything new from this module? Yes No
Apendix
Examples
Assessment
Solve this word problem.
1. Kendall has 5 apples. Isaac eats 3 apples. How many apples does Kendall have left?
Solve this word problem.
2. Maya has 2 crayons. Jake gives her 6 more crayons. How many crayons does Maya have
now?
Solve this word problem.
3. Chris has 9 leaves. Jackson takes 4 of his leaves. How many leaves does Chris have left?
Solve this word problem.
4. John has 2 cookies. Heather gives him 2 more cookies. How many cookies does John have
now?
Is this word problem addition (+) or subtraction (-)?
5. Sarah has 5 balloons. 3 balloons pop. How many balloons does Sarah have left?
Is this word problem addition (+) or subtraction (-)?
6. Will has 8 pieces of candy. His mom gives him 2 more pieces of candy. How many pieces of
candy does Will have altogether?
Is this word problem addition (+) or subtraction (-)?
7. Tim has 7 cups. His brother takes 3 of his cups. How many cups does Tim have left?
Is this word problem addition (+) or subtraction (-)?
8. Jill has 2 pencils. The teacher gives her 5 more pencils. How many pencils does Jill have
altogether?