Scribd
Upload
8 views6 pages

Engineering Methods for Fire Safety

This document discusses engineering methods for fire safety design. It provides examples of tools used, including hand calculations, fire tests, and computational models. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling is highlighted as a tool to simulate heat and smoke transport during a fire. Engineering methods help evaluate fire safety concepts through various analyses and validate designs.

Uploaded by

Ingénieur Électrique
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
8 views6 pages

Engineering Methods for Fire Safety

This document discusses engineering methods for fire safety design. It provides examples of tools used, including hand calculations, fire tests, and computational models. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling is highlighted as a tool to simulate heat and smoke transport during a fire. Engineering methods help evaluate fire safety concepts through various analyses and validate designs.

Uploaded by

Ingénieur Électrique
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

11/23/2015

Department of Fire Protection Engineering

Engineering Methods
for Fire Safety Design

A. JAMES CLARK SCHOOL of ENGINEERING ● UNIVERSITY of MARYLAND

• What are engineering methods?
• Types
• Examples

• Tools used to help evaluate and incorporate  
aspects of designs

1
11/23/2015

• Determine system capability
• Determine analysis data
• Evaluate hazards
• Determine designs
• Validate designs
• Review risks

– Hand calculations
– Fire tests
– Models
• CFD
• Egress
• Acoustic

• Simple calculations
• Define approx. conditions

2
11/23/2015

• Stairwell Pressurization System

·(€Jf
11< \ I ' I s -
Hand Calculations - Example ·(€Jf
11< \' I f ' -

IL Allovlable Height Limit


The maximum allowable height lirnit, Hm, is given as:

2
H 111
= K 11Pmax -/1pmin
111
[1+( AsBJ ] [Eq 10.19. Klote and Milke 2002]
1 1 ABO
- - -
To TB
\ \ 1 here :
H111=maximum allowable height limit
Km = constant, 0.13 1
11Pmax= maximum allovved pressure difference, 0.35 in. H20
11Pmin= 1ninimum allowed pressure difference, 0.0 in. H 2 0
TO = absolute te1nperature of outside air: 22 or - 12 + 459.67 °R
Ts =absolute temperatu re of air in stair: 70 + 459.67 °R
A 5 8 = leakage from stairwell to buildin g, 0.399 ft2.
(Using average leakage factor for walls and loose leakage factor for doors)
ABo = leakage fro1n stairwell to building, 1.03 ft 2 .
(Using average leakage factor for walls, doors and windows)

• Small vs. Full Scale
• Input for designs
• Validation of designs and models

3
11/23/2015

• Can be used for:
– Fire Scenarios
• FDS
• CFAST
– Smoke Control
• FDS
• CONTAM
– Evacuation and Egress
• Exodus
• Pathfinder
– Acoustic
• EASE Evac

• Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modeling
Fire Dynamics Simulator – Developed by NIST
• Simulation of heat and smoke transport
• Divide domain into rectilinear numerical grid

Frame:
Oime: 0.0

ime: 0.0

4
11/23/2015

SIT Sllct!

Ylt
""
'" ••
l D 10.0

9 0D uo

9.00 -.oo

7.0 0 TOD

MO 6.00

$.OD 5 D0

4.0Q [Link]

l.00 HO

l-00 tOG

1.0 0 IJ>D

0.0 0 OJ>D

No E x h a u st Wi t h E x h a u st

Timed Egress Analysis

Egress Time + Safety Factor < Time to Hazard?

5
11/23/2015

• Engineering methods help you evaluate fire  
safety concepts
• Types includes
– Models,
– Hand calculations and
– fire tests
• Uses include
– Demonstrate design
– Validate approach

• How do fire protection engineers decide what level
of fire safety should be provided in buildings?

• What roles do regulations and codes provide in
setting fire safety requirements?

• What engineering methods are available as decision  
aids in determining what fire protection systems to  
include in buildings?

You might also like