Scribd
Upload
65 views5 pages

RF Network Design and Planning Guide

The RF design process flowchart outlines the key steps in the RF design process from gathering requirements to implementing the RF design. It includes gathering coverage and capacity requirements, performing high level RF design including dimensioning and proposal writing, driving tests and site verification, conducting site surveys including search rings and site visits, and finally implementing the RF design. The document then provides more details on several aspects of the RF design process including gathering requirements, high level RF design procedures, link budget and fade margin calculations, service level assumptions, conducting site surveys, and site visit evaluations.

Uploaded by

yogeshhotchandani
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
65 views5 pages

RF Network Design and Planning Guide

The RF design process flowchart outlines the key steps in the RF design process from gathering requirements to implementing the RF design. It includes gathering coverage and capacity requirements, performing high level RF design including dimensioning and proposal writing, driving tests and site verification, conducting site surveys including search rings and site visits, and finally implementing the RF design. The document then provides more details on several aspects of the RF design process including gathering requirements, high level RF design procedures, link budget and fade margin calculations, service level assumptions, conducting site surveys, and site visit evaluations.

Uploaded by

yogeshhotchandani
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • RF Design Process Overview
  • High Level RF Design Process
  • Log Normal Distribution and Link Budget
  • Link Budget and Service Level Assumptions
  • Site Survey and RF Evaluation

RF Design Process - Flowchart

Gather Coverage • RFP / RFI / ITT


and Capacity • Meeting with Customer
Requirements • Clarifications

High Level • RF Dimensioner / Asset


RF Design • RF Proposal write-up

Drive • Model Tuning


Test • Site Verification

• Search Ring
Site Survey
• Site Visit

RF Design -
Implement

Gathering Requirements
 Capacity Requirements  Coverage Requirements
- Spectrum - GSM900 or GSM1800
- GOS (Grade Of Service) - Area Requiring coverage
- Erlang / Subscriber - Coverage Area Probability i.e.
- Projected Subscribers 80%, 90%.
- Coverage Type i.e. in-building,
 Tools Required in-car, etc.
- RF Dimensioner or RF - Coverage level i.e. in-building
Planning tools i.e. Asset -75dBm, etc.
- Terrain / Clutter Database
High Level RF Design Process
Procure Terrain Setup database in Propagation Tool
and Clutter database

Drive Test to If time permits ?


Tune Model

Fade margin & Link-


Budget Calculation To calculate BTS maximum transmit power

Service Level
Assumptions If customer doesn’t provide ?

Put Sites into Based on Clutter\Terrain info


Asset Grid Design (up to certain extent)

RF write-up

Fade Margin
Fast Fading Signal Drive
Test

+ =

• Fast Fading (Rayleigh) experienced at the scale of


sub-wavelengths
• Slow Fading (Shadowing and Blockage) experienced
over 10’s of wavelengths
Log Normal Distribution

σ ,
dB

-3 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3


Standard Deviations from
Median Signal Strength

Urban Environment Sub-Urban Environment Rural Environment


σ ~ 5 to 7 dB σ ~ 5 to 8 dB σ ~ 8 to 11 dB

Link - Budget
Fade Margin Calculation
Shadow Fade Margin depends on:
Link - Budget
- The desired coverage probability
- TheFade Margin
standard Calculation
deviation σ of the log-
normal
fading
Cell edge Cell area M argin for
probability probability σ=
9 dB
50 % 77 % 0.0 dB
75 % 91 % 6.1 dB
86 % 95 % 9.7 dB
90 % 97 % 11.5 dB
95 % 99 % 14.8 dB
Link - Budget
Fade Margin Calculation
 Essential to balance the uplink and downlink path
In-Building Power Budget In-Building Power Budget

Uplink (dB/dBm) Downlink (dB/dBm)


MS Transmit Power (CLASS 1) 30 BTS Transmit Power 41
Cable Loss 0 Cable Loss 3
Antenna Gain MS (dBi) 2 ACE Loss 1
Body Loss 2 Antenna Gain BTS (dBi) 18
Max. Path Loss 133 Max. Path Loss 133
In-Building Penetration 21 In-building Penetration 21
Loss Loss
Fade Margin (80% Cell Area) 3 Fade Margin (80% Cell Area) 3
Antenna Gain BTS (dBi) 18 Body Loss 2
ACE Loss (Duplexer) 0 Antenna Gain MS (dBi) 2
Cable Loss 3 Cable Loss 0
Diversity Gain 4 Diversity Gain 0
BTS Receiver Sensitivity -108 MS Receiver Sensitivity -102

Service Level Assumption


• Coverage Threshold at Cell Edge For Outdoor Criteria
Field strength at sensitivity level -102 dBm
Body Loss +2 dB
Fade margin (95% Cell area) +6 dB
MS antenna gain +2 dB
Planned outdoor threshold at cell edge for coverage plan -96 dBm

• Coverage Threshold at Cell Edge For In-car Criteria


Field strength at sensitivity level -102 dBm
Body Loss +2 dB
Fade margin (90% Cell area) +6 dB
MS antenna gain +2 dB
In-car Penetration Loss -8 dB
Planned outdoor threshold at cell edge for coverage plan -88 dBm

• Coverage Threshold at Cell Edge For Indoor Criteria


Field strength at sensitivity level -102 dBm
Body Loss +2 dB
Fade margin (80% Cell area) +3 dB
MS antenna gain +2 dB
Indoor Penetration Loss -21 dB
Planned outdoor threshold at cell edge for coverage plan -78 dBm
Site Survey - Search Ring

 Search Rings need to be created around the high


level design sites.
 Dense Urban/Urban areas need to have smaller
Search Ring than outskirts area.
 Include pertinent information such as antenna
(building) height, antenna type, etc. in the site search
ring form.
 Essential to impress upon real estate people the
closer the site to the center of the search ring, the
better it is.

Site Visit RF Evaluation


 Bring along all equipment necessary in conducting
site survey .i.e GPS, compass, etc.
 Note pertinent information - site obstruction, existing
mast or tower, antenna placement issue, surrounding
area, etc.
 Evaluate site

Capacity Requirements - Spectrum - GOS (Grade Of Service) - Erlang / Subscriber - Projected Subscribers Coverage Requiremen
High Level RF Design Process Procure Terrain and Clutter database Drive Test to Tune Model Fade margin & Link- Budget Calcul
-3 Standard Deviations from Median Signal Strength -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 σ , dB Log Normal Distribution L
Essential to balance the uplink and downlink path In-Building Power Budget In-Building Power Budget Uplink (dB/dBm) Downlink
Site Survey - Search Ring Search Rings need to be created around the high level design sites. Dense Urban/Urban areas need

You might also like