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Kinetics of (CH3)3CBr Reactions

1. The document provides information and questions about chemical reactions and kinetics including: determining orders of reactions from rate data, calculating rate constants, using half-lives to determine rate constants, determining activation energies and frequency factors from Arrhenius plots, and drawing reaction energy diagrams. 2. Questions involve calculating orders of reactions, writing rate laws, determining activation energies, frequency factors, rate constants at different temperatures, and drawing transition state structures. 3. The document contains sample calculations and questions to practice kinetics and thermodynamic concepts.

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59 views2 pages

Kinetics of (CH3)3CBr Reactions

1. The document provides information and questions about chemical reactions and kinetics including: determining orders of reactions from rate data, calculating rate constants, using half-lives to determine rate constants, determining activation energies and frequency factors from Arrhenius plots, and drawing reaction energy diagrams. 2. Questions involve calculating orders of reactions, writing rate laws, determining activation energies, frequency factors, rate constants at different temperatures, and drawing transition state structures. 3. The document contains sample calculations and questions to practice kinetics and thermodynamic concepts.

Uploaded by

chip_dale
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Name: …………………………………… General Chemistry II

Homework #3 Key
1. For the reaction: 4A(g) + 3B(g)  2C(g) the following data were obtained at constant temperature.

a. What is the order with respect to each reactant?


b. Write the rate law.
c. Calculate k (using the data from Expt. 1).
a. Use experiments 1 and 2 (or 3 and 4 would work) to find the order with respect to [A].

m = 2, The reaction is 2nd order with respect to [A]

n = 1, The reaction is first order with respect to [B]


b. The rate law is rate = k[A]2[B]
c. Using experiment 1 to calculate k:

2. The rate law for the reaction 2NOBr(g)  2 NO(g) + Br2(g) at some temperature is
[ NOBr ]
Rate    k[ NOBr ]2
t
a. If the half-life for this reaction is 2.00 s when [NOBr]o = 0.900 M, calculate the value of k for this
reaction.
b. How much time is required for the concentration of NOBr to decrease to 0.100 M?
dC dC 1 1
a.   kC2   2  kdt    kt
dt C C C0
1 1 1 1 1
   kt1 / 2   k  =0.556 M-1s-1
C0 / 2 C0 C0 t1 / 2C0 (2.00s)(0.900M )
1 1
b. − (0.900 𝑀) = (0.556 𝑀−1 𝑠 −1 )𝑡  t = 16 s
(0.100 𝑀)
3. The reaction
(CH3)3CBr + OH-  (CH3)3COH + Br-
in a certain solvent is first order with respect to (CH3)3CBr and zero order with respect to OH-. In several
experiments, the rate constant k was determined at different temperatures. A plot of ln(k) versus 1/T
Name: …………………………………… General Chemistry II
was constructed resulting in a straight line with a slope value of -1.10 × 104 K and y-intercept of 33.5.
Assume k has units of s-1.
a. Determine the activation energy for this reaction.
b. Determine the value of the frequency factor A.
c. Calculate the value of k at 25 oC.

a. Rate = k[(CH3)3CBr]
k = Ae-Ea/RT  lnk = -Ea/R (1/T) + lnA
-Ea/R = slope = -1.10×104 K  Ea = (8.314 J/(mol K))(1.10×104) = 91.4 kJ/mol
b. lnA = y-intercept = 33.5  A = e33.5 = 3.54×1014 s-1
c. At 25 oC: lnk = 33.5 – (1.10×104)(1/298) = -3.41  k = e-3.41 = 3.3×10-2 s-1

4. For the reaction ABC + D AB + CD, Horxn = -55 kJ/mol and Ea(fwd) = 215 kJ/mol.
Assuming a one-step reaction,
a. draw a reaction energy diagram;
b. calculate Ea(rev);
c. sketch a possible transition state if ABC is V-shaped.
a. The reaction is exothermic, so the energy of the reactants is higher than the energy of the products.

b.

c.

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