SPRING

Annisa Nuryana Pratiwi, Eka Pratiwi Sahib, Muh. Tri Prasetia Nua*), Musarrafa

Laboratory Of Fundamental Physics Department Of Physics

Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science
State University of Makassar 2015

Abstract. On Friday, 11 November 2015 Group 1 conducted experiments with the title "spring" The
purpose of this experiment was to analyze charts the relationship between the spring force with the
length of the spring, big Determining the elasticity constant spring system and investigating the
influence of the mass of the vibration period of a simple spring swing , Implementation of the
experiment conducted by preparing tools and experimental material that is Stopwatch, Balance 311
grams, Burden Spring Hanger, stative + Clamps, Ruler 100 cm 1 piece. Then cluster tool and the
material in accordance with the basic physics experiments handbook. After the hanging load to the
spring that has been strung along the stand earlier. Follow the instructions of each activity according
to the study guide and record observations observations into the table. Conclusions from the
observation is that the more weight given to the length of the spring, the spring would be great. For
series and parallel circuits if it is loaded with the same weight then the circuit length series
experiencing the greatest increase compared to the parallel circuit.
KEYWORDS: Spring, elasticity, serial, parallel, period

PROBLEM FORMULATION
1. How to analyze the graph of the relationship between spring force with the length
accretion?
2. How to determine the amount of spring system elasticity constant?

OBJECTIVE
1. Able to analyze the graph of the relationship between spring force with the length
accretion.
2. Able determine the amount of spring system elasticity constant.

BRIEF THEORY
A general system varies as a block on a flat surface slippery surfaces connected by a spring.
If the spring is stretched or compressed distance is smaller than the unstretched
configuration (equilibrium ) , the spring exerts a force of magnitude
F = -kx [ 1.1 ]
where x is the displacement of the beam from the unstretched position ( x = 0 ) and k is a
positive constant called the constant force spring . In other words , the force required to
stretch or compress the spring is proportional to the amount of stretching or compression x
. the forces acting on the spring known as Hooke's law , which only applies in a particular
case in short-distance migration . K value is a measure of the stiffness of the spring . Rigid
springs have a large k value , and a soft spring having a small k value . [ 1 ]
Review a spring hanging vertically hung mass load on the lower end as shown below.
 x Equilibirum
position
x

The position of the spring before being pulled or pushed by the load mass is at equilibrium
. If the spring is pulled down by the deviation of x then released , the spring will move up
- down around its equilibrium point repeatedly ( periodically ) during the deviation is not
too large . In other words , the spring did vibrations . These vibrations are called simple
harmonic motion . Spring can perform simple harmonic motion because of the resilience
which serves as the restoring force that is always against the direction of deviation . The
magnitude of the restoring force is expressed as Hooke's law :
F = - kx
T is the time period it takes the burden of the masses to undertake one full vibration or
oscillation that can be expressed as follows .
m
T  2
k
with :
T = vibration period (s)
m = Load mass (kg)
k = spring elasticity constant (N/m)

EXPERIMENT METHOD
Tool
1. Stopwatch
2. Balance 311 gram
3. Load + hanger
4. spring
5. Stative + Clamp
6. Ruler 100 cm
Variable Identification
Activity 1. The relationship between spring force with the length accretion
1. Controlled variable : spring
2. Manipulated variable : load mass
3. Response variable : length accretion
Activity 2. Determining spring constant from spring system
1. Controlled variable : spring
2. Manipulated variable : spring formation and load mass
3. Response variable : length accretion
Activity 3. Determining spring constant from spring vibration data
1. Controlled variable : spring, deviation, and vibration
2. Manipulated variable : load mass
 3. Response variable : time

Definisi Operasional Variabel

Activity 1
1. Spring is the high elasticity object used in obervation as controlled variable.
2. Load mass is the load on observation that have been calibrated and hang on the spring.
3. Length accretion is the result of the accretion of initial length with final length after the
load is hang on the spring.

Activity 2
1. Spring is the high elasticity object used in obervation as controlled variable. Spring is
devided in to two those are series formation and parallel formation. Where series
formation is set in series and parallel is set in side by side.
2. Load mass is the load on observation that have been calibrated and hang on the spring.
3. Length accretion is the result of the accretion of initial length with final length after
the load is hang on the spring.

Activity 3
1. Spring is the high elasticity object used in obervation as controlled variable.
2. Deviation is the distance of the load when pulled down for 5 cm.
3. Vibration can be defined as spring movement up and down around its balance point
periodically.
4. Load mass is the load on observation that have been calibrated and hang on the spring.
5. Time is measured by stopwatch when the spring vibrate for 8 times

Work Procedure
Activity 1. The relationship between spring force with the length accretion.
Set stative, then put supported beam and beam clasp, then hang spiral spring. Measure the
load mass and hang on spring. Measure the initial length of spring (l0) then hang the load
and measure and measure the length of spring(l). Add the load for 7 times.

Activity 2. Determining spring constant from spring system

Set the spring with series and parallel. Then do the same activity with activity 1

Activity 3. Determining spring constant from spring vibration data

Set the spring with series formation, set the deviation for 5 cm and the spring is pulled
down and released. Measure the time needed by the spring for 8 vibration for every load
accretion for 7 times
EKSPERIMENT RESULT AND DATA ANALYSIS
Ekspement result
Activity 1. Determining relationship between spring force with the accretion of spring
Spring length 1= |19,00 ± 0,05| 𝑐𝑚
Spring length 2 = |20,00 ± 0,05| 𝑐𝑚
Determining 1. Relationship between spring force with the accretion of spring
Spring 1
Mass load (gram) Final length (cm)
1. |20,000 ± 0,005| 1. |21,50 ± 0,05|
2. |40,000 ± 0,005| 2. |24,50 ± 0,05|
3. |60,000 ± 0,005| 3. |27,50 ± 0,05|
4. |80,000 ± 0,005| 4. |30,50 ± 0,05|
5. |100,800 ± 0,005| 5. |34,50 ± 0,05|
6. |120,800 ± 0,005| 6. |37,50 ± 0,05|
7. |141,730 ± 0,005| 7. |40,00 ± 0,05|
Spring 2
Mass load (gram) Final length (cm)
1. |20,000 ± 0,005| 1. |23,00 ± 0,05|
2. |40,000 ± 0,005| 2. |26,00 ± 0,05|
3. |60,000 ± 0,005| 3. |29,00 ± 0,05|
4. |80,000 ± 0,005| 4. |32,00 ± 0,05|
5. |100,800 ± 0,005| 5. |36,00 ± 0,05|
6. |120,800 ± 0,005| 6. |39,00 ± 0,05|
7. |141,730 ± 0,005| 7. |42,50 ± 0,05|
Activity 2. Determining relationship between spring force with the accretion of spring
Series formationes
Initial length Spring = |44,00 ± 0,05| 𝑐𝑚
Determining 2. Relationship between spring force with the accretion of spring
Mass load (gram) Final length (cm)
1. |20,000 ± 0,005| 1. |50,00 ± 0,05|
2. |40,000 ± 0,005| 2. |56,00 ± 0,05|
3. |60,000 ± 0,005| 3. |62,00 ± 0,05|
4. |80,000 ± 0,005| 4. |69,00 ± 0,05|
5. |100,800 ± 0,005| 5. |75,00 ± 0,05|
6. |120,800 ± 0,005| 6. |82,00 ± 0,05|
7. |141,730 ± 0,005| 7. |89,00 ± 0,05|
Parallel formation
Initial length Spring = |19,00 ± 0,05| 𝑐𝑚
Determining 3. Relationship between spring force with the accretion of spring
Mass load (gram) Final length (cm)
1. |20,000 ± 0,005| 1. |20,00 ± 0,05|
2. |40,000 ± 0,005| 2. |21,00 ± 0,05|
3. |60,000 ± 0,005| 3. |22,50 ± 0,05|
 4. |80,000 ± 0,005| 4. |24,00 ± 0,05|
5. |100,800 ± 0,005| 5. |25,50 ± 0,05|
6. |120,800 ± 0,005| 6. |27,50 ± 0,05|
7. |141,730 ± 0,005| 7. |29,00 ± 0,05|
Activity 3. Determining vibration period from spring system
Deviation = |5,00 ± 0,05| 𝑐𝑚
vibration = 8 times
Determining [Link] getaran spring
Mass load (gram) Waktu (s)
1. |20,000 ± 1. |7,5 ± 0,1|
0,005| 2. |8,5 ± 0,1|
2. |40,000 ± 3. |9,5 ± 0,1|
0,005| 4. |10,5 ± 0,1|
3. |60,000 ± 5. |11,5 ± 0,1|
0,005| 6. |12,0 ± 0,1|
4. |80,000 ± 7. |12,5 ± 0,1|
0,005|
5. |100,800 ±
0,005|
6. |120,800 ±
0,005|
7. |141,730 ±
0,005|
Analisis Data
1. Force works on
𝐹 = 𝑚×𝑔
𝜕𝐹
∆𝐹 = | ∆𝑚|
𝜕𝑚
∆𝐹 = |𝑔. ∆𝑚|
∆F 𝑔. ∆𝑚
= | |
𝐹 𝑚. 𝑔
∆𝑚
∆𝐹 = | | 𝐹
𝑚
a. Mass load = |20,000 ± 0,005|𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 = |0,020000 ± 0,000005|𝑘𝑔
𝐹 = 𝑚×𝑔
𝐹 = 0,02 𝑘𝑔 × 9,8 𝑚. 𝑠 −1
𝐹 = 0,196 𝑁
∆𝑚
∆𝐹 = | | 𝐹
𝑚
0,000005
∆𝐹 = | | 0,196 𝑁
0,020000
∆𝐹 = 0,000049 𝑁
 ∆𝐹 0,000049
𝐾𝑅 = × 100% = × 100% = 0,245% (4 𝐴𝐵)
𝐹 0,020000
𝑃𝐹 = {𝐹} = |0,1960 ± 0,0000|𝑁
b. Mass load = |40,000 ± 0,005|𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 = |0,040000 ± 0,000005|𝑘𝑔
𝐹 = 𝑚×𝑔
𝐹 = 0,04 𝑘𝑔 × 9,8 𝑚. 𝑠 −1
𝐹 = 0,392 𝑁
∆𝑚
∆𝐹 = | | 𝐹
𝑚
0,000005
∆𝐹 = | | 0,392 𝑁
0,040000
∆𝐹 = 0,000049 𝑁
∆𝐹 0,000049
𝐾𝑅 = × 100% = × 100% = 0,1225% (4 𝐴𝐵)
𝐹 0,040000
𝑃𝐹 = {𝐹} = |0,3920 ± 0,0000|𝑁
c. Mass load = |60,000 ± 0,005|𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 = |0,060000 ± 0,000005|𝑘𝑔
𝐹 = 𝑚×𝑔
𝐹 = 0,06 𝑘𝑔 × 9,8 𝑚. 𝑠 −1
𝐹 = 0,588 𝑁
∆𝑚
∆𝐹 = | | 𝐹
𝑚
0,000005
∆𝐹 = | | 0,588 𝑁
0,060000
∆𝐹 = 0,000049 𝑁
∆𝐹 0,000049
𝐾𝑅 = × 100% = × 100% = 0,082% (4 𝐴𝐵)
𝐹 0,060000
𝑃𝐹 = {𝐹} = |0,5880 ± 0,0000|𝑁
d. Mass load = |80,000 ± 0,005|𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 = |0,080000 ± 0,000005|𝑘𝑔
𝐹 = 𝑚×𝑔
𝐹 = 0,08 𝑘𝑔 × 9,8 𝑚. 𝑠 −1
𝐹 = 0,784 𝑁
∆𝑚
∆𝐹 = | | 𝐹
𝑚
0,000005
∆𝐹 = | | 0,784 𝑁
0,080000
∆𝐹 = 0,000049 𝑁
∆𝐹 0,000049
𝐾𝑅 = × 100% = × 100% = 0,06125% (4 𝐴𝐵)
𝐹 0,080000
𝑃𝐹 = {𝐹} = |0,7820 ± 0,0000|𝑁
e. Mass load = |100,800 ± 0,005|𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 = |0,100800 ± 0,000005|𝑘𝑔
𝐹 = 𝑚×𝑔
 𝐹 = 0,1008 𝑘𝑔 × 9,8 𝑚. 𝑠 −1
𝐹 = 0,98784 𝑁
∆𝑚
∆𝐹 = | | 𝐹
𝑚
0,000005
∆𝐹 = | | 0,98784 𝑁
0,100800
∆𝐹 = 0,000049 𝑁
∆𝐹 0,000049
𝐾𝑅 = × 100% = × 100% = 0,0486% (4 𝐴𝐵)
𝐹 0,100800
𝑃𝐹 = {𝐹} = |0,98784 ± 0,00005|𝑁
f. Mass load = |120,800 ± 0,005|𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 = |0,120800 ± 0,000005|𝑘𝑔
𝐹 = 𝑚×𝑔
𝐹 = 0,1208 𝑘𝑔 × 9,8 𝑚. 𝑠 −1
𝐹 = 1,18384 𝑁
∆𝑚
∆𝐹 = | | 𝐹
𝑚
0,000005
∆𝐹 = | | 1,18384 𝑁
0,120800
∆𝐹 = 0,000049 𝑁
∆𝐹 0,000049
𝐾𝑅 = × 100% = × 100% = 0,0406% (4 𝐴𝐵)
𝐹 0,120800
𝑃𝐹 = {𝐹} = |1,18384 ± 0,00005|𝑁
g. Mass load = |141,730 ± 0,005|𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 = |0,141730 ± 0,000005|𝑘𝑔
𝐹 = 𝑚×𝑔
𝐹 = 0,14173 𝑘𝑔 × 9,8 𝑚. 𝑠 −1
𝐹 = 1,388954 𝑁
∆𝑚
∆𝐹 = | | 𝐹
𝑚
0,000005
∆𝐹 = | | 1,388954 𝑁
0,141730
∆𝐹 = 0,000049 𝑁
∆𝐹 0,000049
𝐾𝑅 = × 100% = × 100% = 0,0003% (4 𝐴𝐵)
𝐹 0,141730
𝑃𝐹 = {𝐹} = |1,388954 ± 0,000049|𝑁
Activity 1. Determining relationship between spring force with the accretion of
spring length
1. Pertambahan spring length
a. First Spring
∆𝑥 = 𝑥 − 𝑥0
∆𝑥 = 21,50 𝑐𝑚 − 19,00 𝑐𝑚 = 2,5 𝑐𝑚 = 0,025 𝑚
 ∆𝑥2 = 24,50 𝑐𝑚 − 19,00 𝑐𝑚 = 4,5 𝑐𝑚 = 0,055
∆𝑥3 = 27,50 𝑐𝑚 − 19,00 𝑐𝑚 = 8,5 𝑐𝑚 = 0,085 𝑚
∆𝑥4 = 30,50 𝑐𝑚 − 19,00 𝑐𝑚 = 11,5 𝑐𝑚 = 0,115 𝑚
∆𝑥5 = 34,50 𝑐𝑚 − 19,00 𝑐𝑚 = 15,5 𝑐𝑚 = 0,155 𝑚
∆𝑥6 = 37,50 𝑐𝑚 − 19,00 𝑐𝑚 = 18,5 𝑐𝑚 = 0,185 𝑚
∆𝑥7 = 41,00 𝑐𝑚 − 19,00 𝑐𝑚 = 22 𝑐𝑚 = 0,22 𝑚
b. Secod Spring
∆𝑥 = 𝑥 − 𝑥0
∆𝑥1 = 23,0 𝑐𝑚 − 20,00 𝑐𝑚 = 2 𝑐𝑚 = 0,03 𝑚
∆𝑥2 = 26,00 𝑐𝑚 − 20,00 𝑐𝑚 = 6 𝑐𝑚 = 0,06
∆𝑥3 = 29,00 𝑐𝑚 − 20,00 𝑐𝑚 = 9 𝑐𝑚 = 0,09 𝑚
∆𝑥4 = 32,00 𝑐𝑚 − 20,00 𝑐𝑚 = 12 𝑐𝑚 = 0,12 𝑚
∆𝑥5 = 36,00 𝑐𝑚 − 20,00 𝑐𝑚 = 16 𝑐𝑚 = 0,16 𝑚
∆𝑥6 = 39,00 𝑐𝑚 − 20,00 𝑐𝑚 = 19 𝑐𝑚 = 0,19 𝑚
∆𝑥7 = 42,50 𝑐𝑚 − 20,00 𝑐𝑚 = 22,5 𝑐𝑚 = 0,225 𝑚
 Relationship Between Spring Force With The Accretion Of
Spring Length
1.6

1.4 0.45, 1.388954

1.2 0.38, 1
Accretion Spring length (m)

y = 3.0541x + 0.0249
R² = 0.9993
1 0.31, 0.98784

0.8 0.25, 0.782 y value

Linear (y value)
0.6 0.18, 0.588

0.4 0.12, 0.392

0.2 0.06, 0.196

0
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5
Spring Force(N)

Graph 1.1 relationship between spring force with the accretion of spring length 1
 Relationship Between Spring Force With The Accretion Of
Spring Length
1.6

y = 3.0541x + 0.0249
1.4 R² = 0.9993 0.45, 1.388954

1.2 0.38, 1
Accetion Spring length (m)

1 0.31, 0.98784

0.8 0.25, 0.782 y value

Linear (y value)
0.6 0.18, 0.588

0.4 0.12, 0.392

0.2 0.06, 0.196

0
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5
Gaya Spring (N)

Graph 1.2 relationship between spring force with the accretion of spring length 2
2. Graph anlysis
a. Graph 1.1 (Spring 1)
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐
𝐹 = 𝑚. 𝛥𝑥
𝐹 = 6,071𝑥 + 0,059
𝐹
𝑘=
∆𝑥
𝑘 = 𝑚 = 6,071 𝑁. 𝑚−1
𝐷𝐾 = 𝑅 2 × 100% = 0,998 × 100% = 99,8
𝐾𝑅 = 100% − 99,8 % = 0.2 % ( 4 𝐴𝐵 )
𝐾𝑅 × 𝑘 0.2% × 6,071
∆𝑘 = = = 0.012 𝑁 ⁄ 𝑚
100% 100%
𝑃𝐹 = {𝑘} = |𝑘 ± ∆𝑘| = |6,071 ± 0.012 | 𝑁 ⁄ 𝑚
b. Graph 1.2 (Spring 2)
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐
𝐹 = 𝑚. 𝛥𝑥
𝐹 = 6,071𝑥 + 0,059
𝐹
𝑘=
∆𝑥
𝑘 = 𝑚 = 6,071 𝑁. 𝑚−1
𝐷𝐾 = 𝑅 2 × 100% = 0,998 × 100% = 99,8
𝐾𝑅 = 100% − 99,8 % = 0.2 % ( 4 𝐴𝐵 )
𝐾𝑅 × 𝑘 0.2% × 6,071
∆𝑘 = = = 0.012 𝑁 ⁄ 𝑚
100% 100%
𝑃𝐹 = {𝑘} = |𝑘 ± ∆𝑘| = |6,071 ± 0.012 | 𝑁 ⁄ 𝑚
Activity 2. Determining relationship between spring force with the accretion of
spring length
1. Length Accretion
a. Series Formation
Initial length spring = |44,00 ± 0,05|𝑐𝑚
∆𝑥 = 𝑥 − 𝑥0
∆𝑥1 = 50,00 𝑐𝑚 − 44,00 𝑐𝑚 = 6 𝑐𝑚 = 0,06 𝑚
∆𝑥2 = 56,00 𝑐𝑚 − 44,00 𝑐𝑚 = 12 𝑐𝑚 = 0,12
∆𝑥3 = 62,00 𝑐𝑚 − 44,00 𝑐𝑚 = 18 𝑐𝑚 = 0,18 𝑚
∆𝑥4 = 69,00 𝑐𝑚 − 44,00 𝑐𝑚 = 25 𝑐𝑚 = 0,25 𝑚
∆𝑥5 = 75,00 𝑐𝑚 − 44,00 𝑐𝑚 = 31 𝑐𝑚 = 0,31 𝑚
∆𝑥6 = 82,00 𝑐𝑚 − 44,00 𝑐𝑚 = 38 𝑐𝑚 = 0,38 𝑚
∆𝑥7 = 89,00 𝑐𝑚 − 44,00 𝑐𝑚 = 45 𝑐𝑚 = 0,45 𝑚
b. Parallel formation
Initial length spring = |19,00 ± 0,05|𝑐𝑚
∆𝑥 = 𝑥 − 𝑥0
∆𝑥1 = 20,00 𝑐𝑚 − 19,00 𝑐𝑚 = 1 𝑐𝑚 = 0,01 𝑚
∆𝑥2 = 21,00 𝑐𝑚 − 19,00 𝑐𝑚 = 2 𝑐𝑚 = 0,02
∆𝑥3 = 22,50 𝑐𝑚 − 19,00 𝑐𝑚 = 3,5 𝑐𝑚 = 0,035 𝑚
∆𝑥4 = 24,00 𝑐𝑚 − 19,00 𝑐𝑚 = 5 𝑐𝑚 = 0,05 𝑚
∆𝑥5 = 25,00 𝑐𝑚 − 19,00 𝑐𝑚 = 6 𝑐𝑚 = 0,06 𝑚
∆𝑥6 = 27,50 𝑐𝑚 − 19,00 𝑐𝑚 = 8,5 𝑐𝑚 = 0,085 𝑚
∆𝑥7 = 29,00 𝑐𝑚 − 19,00 𝑐𝑚 = 10 𝑐𝑚 = 0,10 𝑚
 Relationship Between Spring Force With The Accretion Of
Spring Length
1.6

y = 3.0541x + 0.0249
1.4 R² = 0.9993 0.45, 1.388954

1.2 0.38, 1
Spring length Accretion (m)

1 0.31, 0.98784

0.8 0.25, 0.782 y value

Linear (y value)
0.6 0.18, 0.588

0.4 0.12, 0.392

0.2 0.06, 0.196

0
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5
Spring Force(N)

Graph 2.1 relationship between spring force with the accretion of spring length (Series formation)
 y value
1.6

1.4
y = 12.922x + 0.1238
R² = 0.9876
1.2
spring length accretion (m)

0.8
y value
Linear (y value)
0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12
spring force

Graph 2.2 relationship between spring force with the accretion of spring length (Parallel formation)
2. Graph Analysis
a. Graph 2.1 (Series formation)
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐
𝐹 = 𝑚. 𝛥𝑥
𝐹 = 3,054𝑥 + 0,024
𝐹
𝑘=
∆𝑥
𝑘 = 𝑚 = 3,054 𝑁. 𝑚−1
𝐷𝐾 = 𝑅 2 × 100% = 0,999 × 100% = 99,9%
𝐾𝑅 = 100% − 99,9 % = 0.1 % ( 4 𝐴𝐵 )
𝐾𝑅 × 𝑘 0.1% × 3,054
∆𝑘 = = = 0,003 𝑁 ⁄ 𝑚
100% 100%
𝑃𝐹 = {𝑘} = |𝑘 ± ∆𝑘| = |3,054 ± 0,003 | 𝑁 ⁄ 𝑚
b. Graph 2.2 (Parallel formation)
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐
𝐹 = 𝑚. 𝛥𝑥
𝐹 = 12,92𝑥 + 0,123
𝐹
𝑘=
∆𝑥
𝑘 = 𝑚 = 12,92 𝑁. 𝑚−1
𝐷𝐾 = 𝑅 2 × 100% = 0,987 × 100% = 98,7%
𝐾𝑅 = 100% − 98,7 % = 1,3 % ( 3 𝐴𝐵 )
𝐾𝑅 × 𝑘 1,3% × 12,92
∆𝑘 = = = 0,16796 𝑁 ⁄ 𝑚
100% 100%
𝑃𝐹 = {𝑘} = |𝑘 ± ∆𝑘| = |12, 92 ± 0,17| 𝑁 ⁄ 𝑚
3. Determining spring constant(k) theorycally
𝐹
𝐹 = 𝑘. 𝛥𝑥 → 𝑘 =
∆𝑥
∂k ∂k
∆𝑘 = | | ∆m + | | ∆(∆𝑥)
∂m 𝜕∆𝑥
𝜕m𝑔∆𝑥 −1 𝜕m𝑔∆𝑥 −1
∆𝑘 = | 𝜕m
| ∆m + | 𝜕∆𝑥 −1
| ∆(∆𝑥)
∆𝑘 = |𝑔∆𝑥 −1 |∆m |𝑚𝑔∆𝑥 −2 |∆(∆𝑥)
+
−1
∆𝑘 𝑔∆𝑥 ∆m 𝑚𝑔∆𝑥 −2 ∆(∆𝑥)
=| | + | |
k 𝑚𝑔∆𝑥 −1 𝑚𝑔∆𝑥 −1
∆𝑘 ∆m ∆(∆𝑥)
=| |+| |
k 𝑚 ∆𝑥
∆m ∆(∆𝑥)
∆𝑘 = | + |𝑘
𝑚 ∆𝑥
a. Series formation
1) Mass load = |20,000 ± 0,005|𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 = |0,020000 ± 0,000005|𝑘𝑔
∆𝑥1 = 50,00 𝑐𝑚 − 44,00 𝑐𝑚 = 6 𝑐𝑚 = 0,06 𝑚
 𝐹 0,196 𝑁
𝑘= = = 3,2667 𝑁/𝑚
∆𝑥 0,06 𝑚
∆m ∆(∆𝑥)
∆𝑘 = | + |𝑘
𝑚 ∆𝑥
0,000005 0,0005
∆𝑘 = | + | 3,2667 𝑁/𝑚 = 0,028
0,020000 0,06
2) ∆𝑥1 = 50,00 𝑐𝑚 − 44,00 𝑐𝑚 = 6 𝑐𝑚 = 0,06 𝑚
3) ∆𝑥2 = 56,00 𝑐𝑚 − 44,00 𝑐𝑚 = 12 𝑐𝑚 = 0,12
4) ∆𝑥3 = 62,00 𝑐𝑚 − 44,00 𝑐𝑚 = 18 𝑐𝑚 = 0,18 𝑚
5) ∆𝑥4 = 69,00 𝑐𝑚 − 44,00 𝑐𝑚 = 25 𝑐𝑚 = 0,25 𝑚
6) ∆𝑥5 = 75,00 𝑐𝑚 − 44,00 𝑐𝑚 = 31 𝑐𝑚 = 0,31 𝑚
7) ∆𝑥6 = 82,00 𝑐𝑚 − 44,00 𝑐𝑚 = 38 𝑐𝑚 = 0,38 𝑚
8) ∆𝑥7 = 89,00 𝑐𝑚 − 44,00 𝑐𝑚 = 45 𝑐𝑚 = 0,45 𝑚

b. Parallel formation
F1 0,196 𝑁
k1 = = = 19,6 N⁄m
∆l1 0,01 𝑚
F2 0,392 𝑁
k2 = = = 19,6 N⁄m
∆l2 0,02 𝑚
F3 0,588 𝑁
k3 = = = 16,8 N⁄m
∆l3 0,035 𝑚
F4 0,784𝑁
k4 = = = 15,68 N⁄m
∆l4 0,05 𝑚
F5 0,988𝑁
k5 = = = 15,2 N⁄m
∆l5 0,065 𝑚
F6 1,184 𝑁
k6 = = = 13,93 N⁄m
∆l6 0,085 𝑚
F7 1,389𝑁
k7 = = = 13,89 N⁄m
∆l7 0,1 𝑚
 Graph Analysis

Grafik 4.1. Relationship Between Mass m (kg) toward Quadrate Period T2 (s2)

𝑦 𝑇2 4𝜋2 𝑚𝑘 −1
𝑚𝑔 = 𝑥
= 𝑚
= 𝑚
4𝜋2 4.3,142 39,438
k = 𝑚𝑔
= 13,351 = 13,351 = 2,95 𝑁/𝑚
𝐷𝐾 = 𝑅 2 𝑥 100% = 0,9913 𝑥 100%= 99,13%
𝐾𝑅 = (100 − 𝐷𝐾) %
=(100 − 99,13)%
= 0,87% (3 AB)
∆𝑘 = 𝐾𝑅 𝑥 𝑘 = 0,87 𝑥 2,95 = 2,57 N/m
PF = 𝒌 = |2,95 ± 2,57| N/m
  Calculation analysis
4𝜋2 𝑚1 0,79
k1 = 𝑇1 2
= 0,88 = 0,90 𝑁⁄𝑚
4𝜋2 𝑚2 1,58
k2 = 𝑇2 2
= 1,13 = 1,40 𝑁⁄𝑚
4𝜋2 𝑚3 2,37
k3 = = = 1,68 𝑁⁄𝑚
𝑇3 2 1,41
4𝜋2 𝑚4 3,16
k4 = 𝑇4 2
= 1,72
= 1,84 𝑁⁄𝑚
4𝜋2 𝑚5 3,98
k5 = 𝑇5 2
= 2,07
= 1,92 𝑁⁄𝑚
4𝜋2 𝑚6 4,76
k6 = 𝑇6 2
= 2,25 = 2,12 𝑁⁄𝑚
4𝜋2 𝑚7 5,59
k7 = 𝑇7 2
= 2,44 = 2,29 𝑁⁄𝑚
 Uncertainty analysis
𝑘 = 4𝜋 2 𝑚1 𝑇1−2
𝜕𝑘1 𝜕𝑘1
∆𝑘 = | | ∆𝑚 + | | ∆𝑇
𝜕𝑚1 𝜕𝑇1
𝜕4𝜋 2 𝑚1 𝑇1−2 𝜕4𝜋 2 𝑚1 𝑇1−2
= | | ∆𝑚 + | | ∆𝑇
𝜕𝑚1 𝜕𝑇1
∆𝑘 4𝜋 2 𝑇1−2 4𝜋 2 𝑚1 𝑇1−3
=| 2 | ∆𝑚 + | | ∆𝑇
𝑘 4𝜋 𝑚1 𝑇1−2 4𝜋 2 𝑚1 𝑇1−2
∆𝑚 ∆𝑇
∆𝑘 = || | + | || 𝑘
𝑚1 𝑇1

∆𝑚 ∆𝑇
∆k1 = | 𝑚 | + | 𝑇 | 𝑘1
0,000005 𝑘𝑔 0,1 𝑠
=|
0,02 𝑘𝑔
| + | 0,94 | 0,90
= |0,12| + |0,01| 0,90
= 0,09 𝑁⁄𝑚
∆𝑘
KR = x 100%
𝑘
0,09
= 0,90
x 100%
= 0,1x 100%
= 10% (2 AB)
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 10%
= 90%
PR = |𝑘 ± ∆𝑘| 𝑁⁄𝑚
= |0,9 ± 0,1| 𝑁⁄𝑚

∆𝑚 ∆𝑇
∆k2 = | 𝑚 | + | 𝑇 | 𝑘2
0,000005 𝑘𝑔 0,1 𝑠
=| 0,04 𝑘𝑔
| + | 1,06 | 1,40
 = 0,13 𝑁⁄𝑚
∆𝑘
KR = 𝑘
x 100%
0,13
=1,40 x 100%
= 9,29% (2 AB)
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 9,29%
= 90,71%
PR = |𝑘 ± ∆𝑘| 𝑁⁄𝑚
= |1,4 ± 0,1| 𝑁⁄𝑚

∆𝑚 ∆𝑇
∆k3 = | 𝑚 | + | 𝑇 | 𝑘3
0,000005 0,1
=| 0,06
| + |1,19| 1,68
= 0,13 𝑁⁄𝑚
∆𝑘
KR = 𝑘
x 100%
0,13
= 1,68
x 100%
= 7,74% (2 AB)
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 7,74%
= 92,26%
PR = |𝑘 ± ∆𝑘| 𝑁⁄𝑚
= |1,7 ± 0,1| 𝑁⁄𝑚

∆𝑚 ∆𝑇
∆k4 =| | + | 𝑇 | 𝑘4
𝑚
0,000005 𝑘𝑔 0,1
= | 0,08 𝑘𝑔 | + |1,3| 1,84
= 0,15 𝑁⁄𝑚
∆𝑘
KR = 𝑘
x 100%
0,15
= 1,84
x 100%
= 8,15% (2 AB)
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 8,15%
= 91,85%
PR = |𝑘 ± ∆𝑘| 𝑁⁄𝑚
= |1,8 ± 0,2| 𝑁⁄𝑚

∆𝑚 ∆𝑇
∆k 5 =| | + | 𝑇 | 𝑘5
𝑚
0,000005 𝑘𝑔 0,1
= | 0,1008 𝑘𝑔 | + |1,44|1,92
 = 0,13 𝑁⁄𝑚
∆𝑘
KR = 𝑘
x 100%
0,13
= 1,92
x 100%
= 6,77% (2 AB)
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 6,77%
= 93,23%
PR = |𝑘 ± ∆𝑘| 𝑁⁄𝑚
= |1,9 ± 0,1| 𝑁⁄𝑚

∆𝑚 ∆𝑇
∆k 6 = | 𝑚 | + | 𝑇 | 𝑘6
0,000005 𝑘𝑔 0,1
=| 0,1208 𝑘𝑔
| + |1,5| 2,12
= 0,15 𝑁⁄𝑚
∆𝑘
KR = x 100%
𝑘
0,15
= 2,12
x 100%
= 7,08% (2 AB)
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 7,08%
= 92,92%
PR = |𝑘 ± ∆𝑘| 𝑁⁄𝑚
= |2,1 ± 0,2| 𝑁⁄𝑚
∆𝑚 ∆𝑇
∆k 7 = | | + | | 𝑘7
𝑚 𝑇
0,000005 𝑘𝑔 0,1
= | 0,14173 𝑘𝑔 | + |1,56| 2,29
= 0,14 𝑁⁄𝑚
∆𝑘
KR = 𝑘
x 100%
0,14
= x 100%
2,29
= 6,11% (2 AB)
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 6,11%
= 93,89%
PR = |𝑘 ± ∆𝑘| 𝑁⁄𝑚
= |2,3 ± 0,1| 𝑁⁄𝑚
  Table Ratio of Spring constant based on the graph with constant spring on
measuring analysis

Tabel 7.1. Ratio of Spring constant based on the graph with constant spring on
measuring analysis
Spring constant based on the
constant spring on measuring analysis
graph
|0,9 ± 0,1| 𝑁/𝑚
|1,4 ± 0,1| 𝑁/𝑚
|1,7 ± 0,1| 𝑁/𝑚
|2,95 ± 2,57| 𝑁/𝑚 |1,8 ± 0,2| 𝑁/𝑚
|1,9 ± 0,1| 𝑁/𝑚
|2,1 ± 0,2| 𝑁/𝑚
|2,3 ± 0,1| 𝑁/𝑚

DISCUSSION
At the time of this experiment is to know the spring to calculate the mass of the
load, the length of the spring, and the time required to 8 times the amount of vibration for
each increment load. The first that should be done is to measure the mass of the load to be
hung to the hanger. While measuring the mass of the load, do also measure the length of
the start of spring. Then add the load and measure the length of the spring.
Activity 1 according to the first goal, those who practice long measuring early
spring and the length of the spring with 7 load inserted one by one. Furthermore, those that
measure to analyze the data obtained for the spring 1 and spring 2, so that the results
obtained are k1 = |𝑘1 ± ∆𝑘1 | and k2 = |𝑘2 ± ∆𝑘2 |
Activity 2 lab arrange in series and parallel spring then measure the initial length
and the length of the spring. Then the data analysis, the practitioner compares the value of
ks and kp for theoretical and practical results. Ks and kp price differences in the calculation
results with theoretical and practical results due to the lack of rigorous researchers in
measuring the initial length and the length of the spring.
Activity 3 is determining the vibration period of the spring of the spring system.
Spring arranged in series and are given seven consecutive extra burden then pulled down
(given deviation) of 2 cm. Along with the spring is released, the stopwatch is also lit up to
8 times the vibration.
In addition to our less rigorous in measuring the initial length and the length of the
spring, there are some other things that become implication in this experiment. The first
factor appliance that has been aged for a long time and slightly damaged so it does not work
well in the time trial. The second factor is that there is at 3 activity is less precise start the
stopwatch which should coincide with the start of the load is released. Next is the motion
of a spring that is not only up and down from the initial position of the load is released, but
also sideways due to the release angle is too large with the equilibrium position of the
spring.
CONCLUSION
Factors affecting the spring force is directly proportional to the spring constant and
the length of the spring. The spring force obtained from the load mass multiplied by
acceleration of gravity.
Large elasticity constant spring system depends on the type of arrangement of
1 1 1 1
spring. If the arrangement of the spring series, then 𝑘 = 𝑘1
+ 𝑘2
+ ….+ 𝑘𝑛
. If the parallel
𝑠
spring arrangement, then kp = k1 + k2 + .... + kn. As for the period squared, is proportional
to mass, is inversely proportional to constant and is not influenced by the length.

REFERENCES
[1]Herman, [Link]. 2015. Penuntun Praktikum Fisika Dasar 1 Unit Laboratorium Fisika
Dasar Jurusan Fisika FMIPA Universitas Negeri Makassar