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43
Solubility Unit Test
Circle the correct answer. There will be only one correct answer per question.
Multiple choice:
1. Solubility is:
a) the amount of solvent that will dissolve a given amount of a solute at any temperature
b) the amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at any temperature
c) the process of dissolving a solute in a solvent
d) the amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a certain temperature
2. In which of the following phases can a solution be made?
a) solid and liquid phases only c) gas and solid phases only
b) liquid and gas phases only d) solid, liquid and gas phases
3. Sugar dissolves in water because it is:
a) insoluble c) saturated
b) solid d) soluble
4. The dissolving medium in the solution is the
a) solute c) solution
b) solvent d) mixture
5. The phrase "like dissolves like" refers to the fact that __________.
a) polar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes and vice versa
b) solvents can only dissolve solutes of similar molar mass
c) gases can only dissolve other gases
d) polar solvents dissolve polar solutes and nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes
6. A solution with a concentration higher than the solubility is __________.
a) is saturated
b) is unsaturated
c) is supersaturated
7. Under which conditions of temperature and pressure is a gas most soluble in water?
a) high temperature and low pressure c) high temperature and high pressure
b) low temperature and low pressure d) low temperature and high pressure
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8. The table shows the solubility of four different solids at 20 °C. Choose the solid A B C or D that has
the highest solubility.
Solid A B C D
Solubility per 100 g of water 11 g 8g 21 g 2g
a) A c) C
b) B d) D
9. Most salt become soluble in water as the
a) pressure is increased c) temperature is decreased
b) temperature is increased d) pressure is decreased
10. In dilution of solution:
a) a solute is added to the solution c) solvent is added to the solution
b) amount of moles increases d) volume of solution decreases
11. Which combination of a solid and a liquid would form a solution?
a) ionic solid and non-polar liquid c) ionic solid and polar liquid
b) non-polar solid and polar liquid d) polar solid and non-polar liquid
12. What is the term for a substance that provides ions when dissolved in water?
a) an electrolyte c) a non-electrolyte
b) a molecular solute d) a covalent compound
Use the solubility curve to answer the following questions:
13. How many grams of KNO3 can be dissolved at 50C?
a) 80g c) 10g
b) 60g d) 50g
14. How many grams of NaCl will saturate water at 100C in 200g H2O?
a) 40g c) 100g
b) 80g d) 200g
15. If a saturated NH4Cl solution is cooled from 70°C to 50°C, how many
grams of precipitate are formed?
a) 60g c) 50g
b) 10g d) 110g
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Short answers:
1. Why isn’t a mixture of sand in water considered a solution? (2)
2. Sugar dissolves in water but not in oil. Why? (2)
3. What are the three steps in the solvation process? Indicate whether each step is endothermic or
exothermic. (3)
4. When salt is put on highways in winter the ice begins to melt. Explain why this happens even though
the temperature may be below 0 degrees? (2)
5. What is a spectator ion? (1)
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Long Answer:
6. What is the molarity of a solution containing 2.3 mol NaCl in 0.45 L of solution? (3)
7. What is the concentration of a solution that contains 32.0 g of NaOH in 750.0 mL of a solution? (4)
8. How many grams of H3PO4 are needed to react with 100 mL of 0.10 M NaOH? (5)
H3PO4 + 3NaOH Na3PO4 + 3H2O
9. If water is added to 175 mL of a 0.45 M KOH solution until the volume is 250 mL, what will the molarity
of the diluted solution be? (3)
10. Find the net ionic equation: (3)
Mg(NO3)2(aq) + KOH(aq) Mg(OH)2(s) + KNO3(aq)