IDENTIFICATION OF FUNGAL CELLS AND PROTOZOAN LOCOMOTION
A Laboratory Report
Philippine Science High School
Central Mindanao Campus
Biology 3 Level 2
Submitted by:
Isnihaya Magumpara
Grade 11 – Block B
Submitted to:
Sheila Marie B. Lazaro
Subject Teacher
November 2017
1
INTRODUCTION
Kingdom Protista and Kingdom Fungi belongs to the domain called Eubacteria which means
“true bacteria”. It is a large group typically having simple cells with rigid cell walls and often flagella
for movement (Robinson, 2012). Kingdom Protista is single-celled eukaryons that lack tissue
specialization. Their two types of protists. Those protists that are animal like are put in Subkingdom
Protozoa and the protists that are plantlike fall into Subkingdom Algae. This system of classification
includes all colonial species as well as the single-celled types. According to (Smith, 2003),
subkindom Protozoa is divide into three based on their type of locomotion: Sarcomastigophora,
Ciliophora, and Apicomplexa. According to (Kennedy, 2015), the Subkingdom Algae includes all the
photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms in Kingdom Protista which have 7 divisions and 5 division are
involved or found in water while the other two do not. The 5 divisions are: Euglenophycophyta,
Chlorophycophyta, Chrysophycophyta, Phaeophycophyta and Pyrrophycophyta.
The fungi comprise a large group of eukaryotic nonphotosynthetic organisms that include
such diverse forms as slime molds, water molds, mushrooms, puffballs, bracket fungi, yeasts, and
molds. Fungi belong to Kingdom Myceteae. Myceteae consist of three divisions: Gymnomycota
(slime molds), Mastigomycota (water molds and others), and Amastigomycota (yeasts, molds, bracket
fungi, and others). Fungi may be saprophytic or parasitic and unicellular or filamentous. Some
organisms, such as the slime molds, are borderline between fungi and protozoa in that amoeboid
characteristics are present and fungi like spores are produced. The distinguishing characteristics of the
group are that they (1) are eukaryotic, (2) are non-photosynthetic, (3) lack tissue differentiation, (4)
have cell walls of chitin or other polysaccharides, and (5) propagate by spores (sexual and/or asexual).
To observe motility of protists and types of fungal cells, wet mount procedure is used in this
study and used 3 kind of sources for protists and 2 for fungi.
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METHODOLOGY
Lab 1. Protist motility identification:
1. A slide of protist culture was prepared by placing two drops of the culture onto the depression
slide using a dropper.
2. We placed 1-2 drops of oil into the well or depressed circle of the slide to show organisms’
movements.
3. Then the slide is placed on microscope and brought to focus should be at low power on the 4x
magnification.
4. The magnification of the protist was then increased to 40x then observations of the protist’s
movement was observed.
5. Then the process 1-4, was repeated for the observation of the other 3 sources.
Lab 2. Fungal cell observation:
1. A slide of protist culture was prepared by placing the cut-out part of the fungi collected (part
of the fruiting body) onto the depression slide using a dropper.
2. We placed 1-2 drops of oil into the well or depressed circle of the slide to show organisms’
movements.
3. Then the slide is placed on microscope and brought to focus should be at low power on the 4x
magnification.
4. The magnification of the protist was then increased to 40x then observations of the protist’s
movement was observed.
5. Then the process 1-4, was repeated for the observation of the other collected fungi.
3
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Protist source Significant observations
Acad 1 Long-filamentous like with no motility
Acad 2 Small dotted like with no motility
Aquarium Small collected or in group circle with no motility
Winogradsky Small dotted like with no motility
Fungi source
Leaf like fungi Long filamentous like and hairy
Mushroom like fungi In clumps like with no definite shape
CONCLUSION
The collected sample from acad 1 showed a long strand like with no motility. This structure
implies that the strand which is a structural form of a filamentous algae protist. Since it is branched, it
is Stigeoclonium related. The sample from acad 2 showed a unicellular or point form protists which
have no motility which may classified in the phylum Apicomplexa which have only one class called
Sporozoans. Same as in winogradsky sample which have coccidium in shape. In aquairium sample, it
is non-motile therefore it is apicomplexan. Since, it is in clump like, it is resemblance of Conosaida.
The collected sample from fungi that showed a leaf-like structure has a resemblance of a long
filamentous hairy septate hyphae and the sample resemblance is of that Pycnoporus. The last sample
collected is a muchroom like so it is in Basidiomycota but it has a different and “in-clumps”
resemblance different from typical basidiomycota’s hyphae. The findings may not be exact due to the
lack of color and mixed culture of microorganism.
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PHOTOS/ DOCUMENTATION
Pond (ACAD 2)
Pond (ACAD 1)
Winogradsky sample
5
Aquarium
Pond (ACAD 1)
Fungi sample from leaf-like fungi
Fungi sample from mushroom
Table 1. Protist and fungal cells in 400X magnification
REFERENCES
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Kennedy, J. (2015). Algae and its phyla. Retrieved from ThoughtCo:
[Link]
Robinson, R. (2012). Biology Reference. Retrieved from Eubacteria:
[Link]
Smith, C. (2003). Kingdom protozoa and its 18 phyla. Microbial Revolution, 95.