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SCHOOL OF CRIMINOLOGY
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Chapter 3
METHODS AND PROCEDURES
This Chapter presents the methods and procedures,
sampling technique, the measuring instrument, the data
gathering procedure and the statistical tools that were
used in this study.
Research Design
The study will employ the Descriptive Method since it
deals on the role of the PNP in prevention of crime in the
Municipality of Baggao, Cagayan. According to Henry (1997),
descriptive studies are purposive processes of gathering,
analyzing, classifying and tabulating data about prevailing
conditions, practices, processes, trends and cause-effect
relationships and then making adequate and accurate
interpretation about such data with or without the aid of
statistical tool.
The researchers will also make use of the
correlational research since it correlates variables
between the assessments of the police respondents on the
role of the PNP in prevention of crime and their profile
variables.
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SCHOOL OF CRIMINOLOGY
30
Respondents of the Study
The respondents of the study are the PNP personnel of
Baggao Police Station, Brgy Captains/Officials and
community residents to be selected among the professional,
business, transport, farmers, clergy and other professions
in the selected barangays, namely; San Jose, Bitag Grande,
Bitag Pequeño, Bagunot and Poblacion Centro, all barangays
of Baggao, Cagayan.
Table 1
Distribution of the Respondents
Respondents F %
PNP 21 13.04
Brgy Officials 40 24.84
Community Residents 100 62.11
Total 161 100.00
Data Gathering Tool
The study will make use of a survey questionnaire
checklist as a data gathering tool since it deals on the
role of the PNP in prevention of crime in the Municipality
of Baggao, Cagayan.
The survey questionnaire which was patterned to the
study of Recolizado (2016) entitled “ROLE OF BARANGAY
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SCHOOL OF CRIMINOLOGY
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OFFICIALS IN THE MAINTENANCE OF PEACE AND ORDER” and was
revised to suit the study.
to be answered by two groups of respondents will be
divided into three (3) sections.
Section 1 contains the profile of the PNP respondents.
Section 2 contains the role of the PNP in prevention of
crime in the Municipality of Baggao, Cagayan. Last section
contains the problems encountered by the PNP on crime
prevention program.
A 3-point scale will be employed for the purpose of
determining the degree of responses of the respondents.
Data Gathering Procedure
The researchers will make use of different procedures
in gathering the necessary data for the study.
The researchers will write a letter of permission
address to Dean of School of Criminology, UVC and to
prepare a letter to Mayor of Baggao, Cagayan to be noted by
the Department Dean for the conduct of the study.
Prior to the actual survey, the respondents will be
given letter of consent about the survey to inform the
respondents about the confidentiality of the study and ask
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SCHOOL OF CRIMINOLOGY
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voluntarily to join the survey. The selected respondents
will be given questionnaire individually.
During the actual survey, respondents will be given
enough time to answer intelligently and carefully the
survey questionnaire. They will be also guaranteed of the
utmost confidentiality of their responses.
After retrieval of the questionnaires, the responses
of the respondents will be recorded, tallied, collated and
finally to review with the help and assistance by a
Statistician preparatory to proper presentation,
appropriate analysis and interpretation.
Statistical Tool
The data to be obtained on the profile of the
respondents will be analyzed using the frequency count and
percentage distribution.
The data to be obtained on the assessments of the two
groups of respondents on the role of the PNP in prevention
of crime in the Municipality of Baggao, Cagayan will be
analyzed using weighted mean. Weighted mean will be further
interpreted using the 3-point scale below.
Numerical Value Range Descriptive Scale
3 2.34 -3.00 Always
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2 1.67 – 2.33 Sometimes
1 1.0 - 1.66 Never
The data on the problems encountered by the PNP on
crime prevention program will be analyzed using weighted
mean. Weighted mean will be further interpreted using the
3-point scale below.
Numerical Value Range Descriptive Scale
3 2.34 -3.00 Serious Problem
2 1.67 – 2.33 Problem
1 1.0 - 1.66 Not a problem
Furthermore, t-test will be used to compare means
between the assessments of the two groups of respondents on
the role of the PNP in prevention of crime in the
Municipality of Baggao, Cagayan relative to the above
dimensions.
Pearson r will be used to correlate the assessment of
the police-respondents on the role of the PNP in prevention
of crime in the Municipality of Baggao, Cagayan relative to
the above dimensions and their profile variables.