UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016

UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1

Q1 Answer

Reference Calculation Output

Footing Sizing:
Estimate footing s.w. 10% (Gk + Qk)
10% (650 + 300) = 95 kN

SLS loading = Gk + Qk + footing s.w.

= 650 + 300 + 95 = 1045 kN

Area of footing required = SLS loading / soil bearing capacity

= 1045 / 200 = 5.23 m2

Estimated size = 5.23 2.3 m

EC2: Eq. 6.5 Maximum punching shear at column perimeter (Utilize)
Effective depth:

=
.
Where
= = 1.35 + 1.5
NEd = 1.35(650) + 1.5(300)
= 1327.5 kN

. = 0.5 = 0.5 [0.6 (1 )] ( )
250 1.5
30 30
. = 0.5 [0.6 (1 )] ( )
250 1.5
[Link] = 5.28 N/mm2

uo = column perimeter = 2 (200+300) = 1000 mm

1327.5 103
= = = 251.4
. 5.28 1000

Estimated thickness, h = d + Cnom + bar = 251 + 40 + 12 = 303 mm

Hence, try 2.5 m 2.5 m 0.5 m pad footing.

Check: (Density concrete)

Actual footing s.w. = 2.5 m 2.5 m 0.5 m 25 kN/m3
= 78.1 kN < 95 kN OK

Load Analysis:
ULS loading = 1.35Gk + 1.5Qk = 1.35(650) + 1.5(300)
= 1327.5 kN =

ULSs soil pressure, P = ULS loading / Proposed footing area

= 1327.5 / (2.5 2.5)
= 212.4 kN/m2
= 212.4 kN/m per m length
UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
Maximum moment at column, M = wl2/2

Nominal Cover (Durability & Bond Requirement):

main = 12 mm

EC2:Table Cmin,b = main = 12 mm (min cover with regard to bond).

4.2
EC2: Table Cmin,dur = 25 mm (exposure class XC2) - (min cover with regard
4.4N durability).
EC2: cl.
[Link] Cdev = 10 mm (allowance in design for deviation)
EC2: cl.
[Link](2) Cnom = Cmin,dur + Cdev = 25 + 10 = 35 mm (nominal cover)
EC2: cl.
[Link](4) Cast against prepared ground = min. 40 mm (recommended value) Cnom = 40
(For concrete cast on uneven surface) mm

Page 2
UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
Bending Reinforcement: (Main Reinforcement)
bar = 12 mm; Effective depth: d = 500 40 1.5(12) = 442 mm

EC2: cl. 6.1 K = M/bd2fck

= (140.5 106) / (1000 4422 30)
= 0.024 < Kmax (0.167) balance factor
compression steel is not required

z = {0.5 + (0.25 1.134)}

0.024
= {0.5 + (0.25 1.134)}
= 0.978d > 0.95d (max) Use z = 0.95d

Asreq = M/0.87fyz = (140.5 106) / (0.87 500 0.95 442)

= 769 mm2/m

EC2: cl. = 0.30 2/3 = 0.30 302/3 = 2.896 Mean compressive

Table 3.1 strength for t days.
EC2: cl. Asmin = 0.26 (fctm/fyk) bd
[Link] = 0.26 (2.896/500) bd = 0.0015bd > 0.0013bd (at least)
Use 0.0015 bd to calculate minimum & maximum reinforcement area:
Asmin = 0.26 (2.896/500) 1000 442 = 666 mm2/m

Asmax = 0.04Ac = 0.04 1000 500 = 20,000 mm2/m

Propose:
Main & secondary rebars = H12-125 (As,prov = 905 mm2/m) H12-125

Shear:

EC2: cl. i) Vertical Shear: Critical at 1.0d from column face

6.2.2 Design shear force:
Max shear force - (soil pressure kN/m per m length)(depth of footing)
VEd = 244.3 212.4 (0.442) = 150.4 kN per m length
Design shear resistance:
VRd,c = [0.12k (1001 fck)1/3]bd

k = 1 200 = 1 200 = 1.67 < 2.0

d 442

1 =
As l , prov
= 1130
bd 1000 442
= 0.0026 > 0.0015 & < 0.02

Page 3
UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
VRd,c = [(0.18/1.5)k (1001 fck)1/3]bd
= [0.12 x 1.67 (100 x 0.0026 x 30)1/3] 1000 x 442
= 161 kN
Minimum shear resistance:
1/ 2
Vmin = [ 0.035k 3 / 2 f ck ]bd
= 0.035 1.67 3 / 2 301 / 2 1000 442
= 182.9 kN
Hence,
VRd,c = 182.9 kN > VEd = 150.4 kN OK

ii) Punching shear at perimeter 2d from column face

EC2: cl.
Average depth = Proposed depth - nominal cover - bar size
6.4.4(2)
Average d = 500 40 12 = 448
2d = 2 (448) = 896
Column c1 & c2
where c1 = 200 mm; c2 = 300 mm

Control perimeter, u = 2(c1 + c2) + 2(2d) = 6630 mm

Area within perimeter, A= (c1 c2) + 2(c1 2d) + 2(c2 2d) + (2d)2
= 3.478 m2
Punching shear force:
VEd = 212.4 (2.52 A)
= 212.4 (2.52 3.478) = 588.77 kN

vEd = VEd/u.d
= 588.77 x 103 / 6630 x 448 = 0.20
Punching shear resistance:
vRd = 0.18 k (100 1 f ck )1 / 3 , but vmin = 0.035k 3 / 2 f ck 1 / 2
1.5

vRd = 0.397, but vmin = 0.41

vRd = 0.41 > vEd = 0.20 OK

iii) Maximum punching shear resistance at column perimeter:

EC2: Eq. 6.5 f f
VRd ,max 0.5u o d 0.61 ck ck
& 6.6N 250 1.5

where uo = 2(c1 + c2) = 2 (200+300) = 1000

VRd ,max = 0.5 1000 4480.61 30 30

250 1.5

= 2365.4kN > ULS loading = 1327.5 kN OK

Page 4
UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
Cracking:
EC2: cl.
7.3.3 h = 500 mm > 200 mm

Steel stress under quasi-permanent action:

Quasi-permanent action = Gk + 0.3Qk
= 650 + 0.3 300
= 740 kN
f yk Asreq Quasi - permanent action
fs =
s Asprov ULS action

= 500 769 740

1.15 905 1327.5
= 205.9 N/mm2

EC2: Table For design crack width = 0.3 mm

7.2N Max. bar diameter to control cracking = 25 mm > 12 mm OK
EC2: Table Max. allowable bar spacing = 250 mm
7.3N
Actual max. bar spacing = spacing 2(0.5bar)
= 125 12
= 113 mm < 250 mm OK

Page 5
UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
Detailling

Page 6
UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Q2 Answer

Reference Calculation Output

Footing Sizing:
Estimate footing s.w. 10% (Gk + Qk)
10% (600 + 400) = 100 kN

SLS loading = Gk + Qk + footing s.w.

= 600 + 400 + 100 = 1100 kN

Area of footing required = SLS loading / soil bearing capacity

= 1100 / 200 = 5.5 m2

Estimated size = 5.5 2.35 m

EC2: Eq. 6.5

=
.
Where
= = 1.35 + 1.5
NEd = 1.35(600) + 1.5(400)
= 1410 kN

. = 0.5 = 0.5 [0.6 (1 )] ( )
250 1.5
25 25
. = 0.5 [0.6 (1 )] ( )
250 1.5
[Link] = 4.5 N/mm2

uo = column perimeter = 2 (300+300) = 1200 mm

1410 103
= = = 261
. 4.5 1200

Estimated thickness, h = d + Cnom + bar = 261 + 40 + 16 = 317 mm

Hence, try 2.5 m 2.5 m 0.6 m pad footing.

Check:
Actual footing s.w. = 2.5 2.5 0.6 25
= 93.75 kN < 100 kN OK

Page 7
UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
Max. soil pressure:
Footing area, A = 2.52 = 6.25 m2
SLS design moment = 50/1.4 = 36 kNm
y =h/2 = 2.5 / 2 = 1.25 m
I = bh3 / 12 = 2.5 x 2.53/12 = 3.26 m3
P = (axial load footing s.w.) My
A I
(1000 93.75) 36 1.25

6.25 3.26
=
= 188.8 kN/m2 < soil bearing capacity = 200 kN/m2 OK

Load Analysis:
ULS loading = 1.35Gk + 1.5Qk = 1.35(600) + 1.5(400)
= 1410 kN

ULSs soil pressure = (axial load ) My = 1410 50 1.25

A I 6.25 3.26
= 225.6 19.2
= 206 kN/m2, 245 kN/m2

Bending moment at column face,

= 228 1.1 245 228 1.1 2 / 3 1.1
2
Mxx
2
= 151.65 kNm per m length

= 228 1.1
2
Myy
2
= 138 kNm per m length

Page 8
UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
Nominal Cover:
main = 16 mm

EC2:Table 4.2 Cmin,b = main = 16 mm

EC2: Table
4.4N Cmin,dur = 25 mm (exposure class XC2)
EC2: cl.
[Link] Cdev = 10 mm
EC2: cl.
[Link](2) Cnom = 25 + 10 = 35 mm
EC2: cl.
Cnom = 40
[Link](4) Cast against prepared ground = min. 40 mm
mm

Bending Reinforcement:
bar = 16 mm;
dx = 600 40 0.5(16) = 552 mm (depth at X)
dy = 600 40 1.5(16) = 536 mm (depth at Y)

EC2: cl. 6.1 K = Mx/bd2fck

= (151.65 106) / (1000 5522 25)
= 0.02 < Kmax (0.167)
compression steel is not required

z = {0.5 + (0.25 1.134)}

0.02
= {0.5 + (0.25 1.134)}
= 0.982d > 0.95d Use z = 0.95d

Asreq = M/0.87fyz = (149.8 106) / (0.87 500 0.95 552)

= 657 mm2/m

K = My/bd2fck
= (138 106) / (1000 5362 25)
= 0.019 < Kmax (0.167)
compression steel is not required

z = {0.5 + (0.25 1.134)}

0.019
= {0.5 + (0.25 1.134)}
= 0.983d > 0.95d Use z = 0.95d

Page 9
UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
Asreq = M/0.87fyz = (138 106) / (0.87 500 0.95 536)
= 623 mm2/m

EC2: cl. = 0.30 2/3 = 0.30 252/3 = 2.56

Table 3.1
Asmin = 0.26 (fctm/fyk) bd
EC2: cl. = 0.26 (2.56/500) bd = 0.00133bd > 0.0013bd
[Link] Use 0.00133 bd
Asmin = 0.00133 1000 536 = 713 mm2/m

Asmax = 0.04Ac = 0.04 1000 600 = 24,000 mm2/m

Propose:
Main & secondary rebars = H16-250 (As,prov = 804 mm2/m) H16-250

Shear:

EC2: cl. 6.2.2 i) Vertical Shear: Critical at 1.0d from column face

Average ULSs soil pressure between 1.0d distance from the column
face to max. ULSs soil pressure = (236.2 + 245) / 2 = 240.6
kN/m2

VEd,d = 240.6 0.556 1 = 133.8 kN per m length

VRd,c = [0.12k (1001 fck)1/3]bd

k = 1 200 = 1 200 = 1.61 < 2.0

d 544

1 =
As l , prov
=
804
= 0.0015 0.0015 & < 0.02
bw d 1000 544

VRd,c = [(0.18/1.5)k (1001 fck)1/3]bd

= [0.12 x 1.61 (100 x 0.0015 x 25)1/3] 1000 x 544
= 163.3 kN

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
3/ 2 1/ 2
Vmin = [ 0.035k f ck ]bd
= 0.035 1.613 / 2 251 / 2 1000 544
= 194.5 kN
OK
VRd,c = 194.5 kN > VEd = 133.8 kN

EC2: cl.
6.4.4(2) ii) Punching shear at perimeter 2d from column face

Average d = 600 40 16 = 544

2d = 2 (544) = 1088

where c1 = 300 mm; c2 = 300 mm

Control perimeter, u = 2(c1 + c2) + 2(2d)

= 2(300+300) + 2(1088) = 8037 mm

Area within perimeter, A = (c1 c2)+2(c1 2d)+2(c2 2d)+(2d)2

= (300 300) + 2(300 1088) + 2(300 1088) + (10882)
= 5.11 m2

Average punching shear force at control perimeter,

VEd = 225.6 [(2.52) -5.11] = 257.2 kN/m2
(Soil pressure without moment)
EC2: cl.
6.4.3(3) vEd = VEd/u.d
M u
where, = 1 k Ed
VEd W1
EC2: Table 6.1 c1/c2 = 1; k = 0.6
W1 = 0.5c12 c1c2 4c2 d 16d 2 2dc1
= 0.5(300)2 + 3002 + 4(300)(544) + 16(544)2 + 2(544 300)
= 6.55 106
EC2: cl. 50 10 6 8037
hence, = 1 0.6
3 6
= 1.14
6.4.4(2) 257.2 10 6.55 10

vEd = VEd/u.d
= 1.14 x 257.2 x 103 / 8037 x 544 = 0.067
Punching shear resistance:
vRd = 0.18 k (100 1 f ck )1 / 3 , but vmin = 0.035k 3 / 2 f ck 1 / 2
1.5

vRd = 0.30 , but vmin = 0.36

OK
vmin = 0.36 > vEd = 0.067

Page
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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
iii) Maximum punching shear at column perimeter:
Ultimate vertical load
Punching shear force at column perimeter, VEd = 1410 kN = NEd

Column perimeter uo = (300 + 300) 2 = 1200 mm

EC2: cl. Punching shear stress, vEd = .VEd / uo.d

6.4.3(2) M u
where, = 1 k Ed
VEd W1
c1/c2 = 1; k = 0.6
EC2: Table 6.1 W1 = 0.5c1 c1c2 = 0.5(300)2 + 3002
2
= 135 103
50 106 1200
hence, = 1 0.6
3 3
= 1.19
1410 10 135 10
vEd = (1.19 1410 103)/(1200 544) = 2.6 MPa

f 25 25
EC2: Equ 6.5 VRd,max = 0.50.61 ck f cd = 0.50.61
& 6.6N 250 250 1.5

= 4.5 MPa > vEd = 2.6 MPa OK

Cracking:

EC2: cl. 7.3.3 h = 600 mm > 200 mm

Steel stress under quasi-permanent action:

Quasi-permanent action= Gk + 0.3Qk = 600 + 0.3 400 = 720 kN
f yk Asreq Quasi - permanent action
fs =
s Asprov ULS action
500 657 720
= = 181.4 MPa
1.15 804 1410

For design crack width = 0.3 mm

Max. bar diameter to control cracking = 28.5 mm (interpolation)
EC2: Table OK
28.5 mm > 16 mm
7.2N
Max. allowable bar spacing = 275 mm (interpolation)
EC2: Table
7.3N Actual max. bar spacing = spacing 2(0.5bar)
= 250 16
= 234 mm < 275 mm OK

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
Detailing:

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Q3 Answer

Reference Calculation Output

Footing Sizing:

Service load: NA = 1610/1.4 = 1150 kN

NB = 1950/1.4 = 1393 kN
N = 1150 + 1393 = 2543 kN

Estimate footing s.w. 10% (2543) = 254 kN

SLSs soil pressure = (2543 + 254)/200 = 14 m2

Choose Area = 15 m2

Try 2.5 m 6.0 m 0.65 m pad footing (Area = 15 m2)

Check:
Actual footing s.w. = 2.5 6 0.65 25 = 244 kN < 254 kN OK

Arrange the position of footing so that the centroid of footing coincides

with the line of action of the loading, and hence provide uniformly
distribution of soil pressure.

MA = 0
2543(x) = 1393(2.8)
x = 1.53 m

Load Analysis:

ULSs soil pressure = Ultimate load / Area

= (1610 + 1950) / 2.5 x 6
= 237 kN/m2
= 237 kN/m per m length
= 237 2.5
= 593 kN/m

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output

Nominal Cover:
main = 16 mm

EC2:Table 4.2 Cmin,b = main = 16 mm

EC2: Table
4.4N Cmin,dur = 25 mm (exposure class XC2)
EC2: cl.
[Link] Cdev = 10 mm
EC2: cl.
[Link](2) Cnom = 25 + 10 = 35 mm
EC2: cl.
Cnom = 40
[Link](4) Cast against prepared ground = min. 40 mm
mm

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
Bending Reinforcement:
Try bar = 12 mm;
dx = 650 40 12/2 = 604 mm

Longitudinal reinforcement: Bottom bar:

Mmax = 730 kNm = 292 kNm per m length:

EC2: cl. 6.1 K = Mx/bd2fck

= (292 106) / (1000 6042 35)
= 0.023 < Kmax = 0.167
compression steel is not required

z = {0.5 + (0.25 1.134)}

0.020
= {0.5 + (0.25 1.134)}
= 0.979d > 0.95d Use z = 0.95d

Asreq = M/0.87fyz = (292 106) / (0.87 500 0.95 604)

= 1170 mm2/m
EC2: cl.
Table 3.1 = 0.30 2/3 = 0.30 352/3 = 3.21
EC2: cl. Asmin = 0.26 (fctm/fyk) bd
[Link] = 0.26 (3.21/500) bd = 0.00167bd > 0.0013bd
Use 0.00167 bd
Asmin = 0.00167 1000 604 = 1008 mm2/m

Asmax = 0.04Ac = 0.04 1000 650 = 26,000 mm2/m

Propose:
Bottom rebars = H12-75 (As,prov = 1510 mm2) H12 - 75

Along shorter footing dimension :

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
Soil pressure per m width,
w = 237 kN/m
Mmax at column face = wL2/2
= 237 1.12/2
= 143 kNm per m length

dy = 650 40 12 12/2 = 592 mm

Bottom top bar:

EC2: cl. 6.1 K = My/bd2fck
= (143 106) / (1000 5922 35)
= 0.012 < Kmax = 0.167

z = {0.5 + (0.25 1.134)}

0.012
= {0.5 + (0.25 1.134)}
= 0.990d > 0.95d Use z = 0.95d

Asreq = M/0.87fyz = (143 106) / (0.87 500 0.95 592)

= 585 mm2/m
EC2: cl.
[Link] Asmin = 0.00167 1000 592 = 989 mm2/m

Asmax = 0.04Ac = 0.04 1000 650 = 26,000 mm2/m

Propose: H12-100
Bottom top rebars = H12-100 (As,prov = 1130 mm2/m)

Shear:

EC2: cl. 6.2.2 i) Vertical Shear: Critical at 1.0d from column face

0.604 m (1.0d)

550

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
VEd,d = 504 kN / 2.5 m = 201.6 kN per m length

VRd,c = [0.12k (1001 fck)1/3]bd

k = 1 200 = 1 200 = 1.6 < 2.0

d 604

1
As l , prov 1510
= = = 0.0025 0.0015 & > 0.02
bw d 1000 604

VRd,c = [(0.18/1.5)k (1001 fck)1/3]bd

= [0.12 x 1.6 (100 x 0.002 x 35)1/3] 1000 x 604
= 83.2 kN per m length

Vmin = [ 0.035k 3 / 2 f ck 1 / 2 ]bd

= 0.035 1.63 / 2 351 / 2 1000 604
= 253.1 kN per m length

VRd,c = 253.1 kN per m length > VEd = 201.6 kN per m length OK

EC2: cl. ii) Punching shear at perimeter 2d from column face

6.4.4(2)
Average d = 650 40 12 = 598
2d = 2 (598) = 1196

Control perimeter, u = 2(c1 + c2) + 2a

= 2(400+400) + 2(1196) = 9116 mm
where c1 = 400 mm; c2 = 400 mm

Area within perimeter, A = (c1 c2) + 2(c1 a) + 2(c2 + a) + a2

A = (400 400) + 2(400 1196) + 2(400 + 1196) + (11962)
= 6.57 m2

Punching shear force at control perimeter,

= 1950 (237 x 6.57) = 391 kN

Punching shear stress,

vEd = VEd/u.d
= 391 x 103 / (9116 x 598) = 0.07 N/mm2

Punching shear resistance:

vRd = 0.18 k (100 1 f ck )1 / 3 , but vmin = 0.035k 3 / 2 f ck 1 / 2
1.5

vRd = 0.14, but vmin = 0.42

vRd = 0.42 > vEd = 0.07 OK

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
EC2: Equ 6.5 iii) Maximum punching shear at column perimeter:
& 6.6N
f f
VRd ,max 0.5u o d 0.61 ck ck
250 1.5

where uo = 2(c1 + c2) = 2 (400+400) = 1600

VRd ,max = 0.5 1600 5980.61 35 35

250 1.5

= 2880kN > ULS loading = 1950 kN OK

Cracking:

EC2: cl. 7.3.3 h = 600 mm > 200 mm

Quasi - permanent action

Assume 0.6
ULS action

Steel stress under quasi-permanent action:

f yk Asreq Quasi - permanent action
fs =
s Asprov ULS action

= 500 1170 0.6

1.15 1510
= 202 MPa

For design crack width = 0.3 mm

EC2: Table
Max. bar diameter to control cracking = 25 mm > 12 mm OK
7.2N

Max. allowable bar spacing = 250 mm

EC2: Table
Actual max. bar spacing = spacing 2(0.5bar)
7.3N
= 100 12
= 88 mm < 250 mm OK

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
Detailing:

1470 2800 1730

2500

Bar mark
01: H12 75
02: H12 75
03: H12 100
04: H12 100

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Q4 Answer

Reference Calculation Output

Footing Sizing:
Estimate footing A s.w. 10% (Gk + Qk)
10% (800 + 275) = 108 kN

Estimate footing B s.w. 10% (Gk + Qk)

10% (1000 + 525) = 153 kN

Beam s.w, WR = 25 (0.3 x 1.0) 5.7 = 43 kN

M@B=0
(RA WA) (6.15 1.0) NA (6.0) WR (3.0) = 0
(RA 108) (5.15) 1075 (6.0) 43 (3.0) = 0
(RA 108) = 1277.5 kN, RA = 1385.5 kN
RA / 2.0H = 200
H =1385.5 / (2.0 x 200) = 3.46 m

Thus, try footing A, 2.0 x 3.5 m

RA + RB = (NA + NB + WA + WB + WR)
= 1075 + 1525 + 108 + 153 + 43 = 2904 kN

RB = 2904 1385.5 = 1518.5 kN

A =1518.5 / 200 = 7.59 m2

Thus, try footing B, 2.8 x 2.8 m

Actual footing A s.w. = 2 m 3.5 m 0.7 m 25 kN/m3

= 123 kN > 108 kN

Actual footing B s.w. = 2.8 m 2.8 m 0.7 m 25 kN/m3

= 137 kN < 153 kN

Distance from resultant force R to the centroid of column B,

(1075 x 6.0) + (123 x 5.15) + (43 x 3.0) = 2904 X
X = 2.48 m X = X
Uniform
Distance from centroid of footing A to the centroid of column B, soil
(2.0 x 3.5)(5.15) = [(2.0 x 3.5) + (2.8 x 2.8)] X pressure
X = 2.48 m

Actual Total service load = 1075 + 1525 + 123 + 137 + 43 = 2903 kN

Area of footing = (2.0 x 3.5) + (2.8 x 2.8) = 14.84 m2

Soil pressure = 2903 / 14.84 = 195.6 kN/m2 < 200 kN/m2 OK

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
ANALYSIS

Design load:
NA = (1.35 x 800) + (1.50 x 275) = 1493 kN
NB = (1.35 x 1000) + (1.50 x 525) = 2138 kN
WA = 1.35 x 123 = 166 kN
WB = 1.35 x 137 = 185 kN
WBeam = 1.35 x 43 = 58 kN
Total = 4040 kN

Ultimate soil pressure

= 4040 / (7.00 + 7.84) = 272.2 kN/m2

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
Nominal Cover (Durability & Bond Requirement):
main = 12 mm

EC2:Table Cmin,b = main = 12 mm (min cover with regard to bond).

4.2
EC2: Table Cmin,dur = 25 mm (exposure class XC2) - (min cover with regard
4.4N durability).
EC2: cl.
[Link] Cdev = 10 mm (allowance in design for deviation)
EC2: cl.
[Link](2) Cnom = Cmin,dur + Cdev = 25 + 10 = 35 mm (nominal cover)
EC2: cl.
[Link](4) Cast against prepared ground = min. 40 mm (recommended value) Cnom = 40
(For concrete cast on uneven surface) mm

Design of Footing A

Bending Reinforcement: (Main Reinforcement)

Soil pressure
w = 253 x 2.0 = 506 kN/m

Bending moment at column face,

Mxx = wl2/2 = 506 x 1.62 / 2 = 647 kNm

Effective depth:
d = 700 40 0.5(16) = 652 mm

EC2: cl. 6.1 K = M/bd2fck

= (647 106) / (2000 6522 30)
= 0.025 < Kmax (0.167)
compression steel is not required

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output

z = {0.5 + (0.25 1.134)}

0.025
= {0.5 + (0.25 1.134)}
= 0.98d > 0.95d (max) Use z = 0.95d

Asreq = M/0.87fyz = (647 106) / (0.87 500 0.95 652)

= 2402 mm2

EC2: cl. = 0.30 2/3 = 0.30 302/3 = 2.896

Table 3.1
Asmin = 0.26 (fctm/fyk) bd
EC2: cl. = 0.26 (2.896/500) bd = 0.0015bd > 0.0013bd
[Link] Use 0.0015 bd to calculate minimum & maximum reinforcement area:
Asmin = 0.26 (2.896/500) 2000 652 = 1964 mm2

Asmax = 0.04Ac = 0.04 2000 700 = 56,000 mm2/m

Propose:
Main bar = 15H16 (As,prov = 3016 mm2)

Secondary bar = H16-225 (As,prov = 894 mm2/m)

Shear:

EC2: cl. i) Vertical Shear: Critical at 1.0d from column face

6.2.2 Design shear force:

Max shear force

VEd = 253 x (2 x 0.948) = 479.4 kN

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
Design shear resistance:
VRd,c = [0.12k (1001 fck)1/3]bd

k = 1 200 = 1 200 = 1.55 < 2.0

d 652

1 =
As l , prov
= 3016
bd 2000 652
= 0.0023 > 0.0015 & > 0.02

VRd,c = [(0.18/1.5)k (1001 fck)1/3]bd

= [0.12 x 1.55 (100 x 0.002 x 30)1/3] 2000 x 652
= 440.7 kN

Minimum shear resistance:

1/ 2
Vmin = [ 0.035k 3 / 2 f ck ]bd
= 0.035 1.55 3 / 2 301 / 2 2000 652
= 484.2 kN

Hence,
OK
VRd,c = 484.2 kN > VEd = 479.4 kN

Cracking:

EC2: cl. h = 700 mm > 200 mm

7.3.3
Quasi - permanent action
Assume 0.55
ULS action

f yk Quasi - permanent action

Asreq
fs =
s Asprov ULS action

= 500 2402 0.55

1.15 3016
= 190 N/mm2

For design crack width = 0.3 mm

EC2: Table
Max. bar diameter to control cracking = 25 mm > 16 mm OK
7.2N

Max. allowable bar spacing = 250 mm

EC2: Table
7.3N Actual max. bar spacing = [2000 2(40) 16] / 14
= 136 mm < 250 mm
OK

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
Design of Footing B

Bending Reinforcement: (Main Reinforcement)

Effective depth:
d = 700 40 1.5(16) = 636 mm

EC2: cl. 6.1 K = M/bd2fck

= (522 106) / (2800 6362 30)
= 0.015 < Kmax (0.167)
compression steel is not required

z = {0.5 + (0.25 1.134)}

0.015
= {0.5 + (0.25 1.134)}
= 0.99d > 0.95d (max) Use z = 0.95d

Asreq = M/0.87fyz = (522 106) / (0.87 500 0.95 636)

= 1985 mm2

= 0.30 2/3 = 0.30 302/3 = 2.896

Asmin = 0.26 (fctm/fyk) bd

= 0.26 (2.896/500) bd = 0.0015bd > 0.0013bd
Use 0.0015 bd to calculate minimum & maximum reinforcement area:
Asmin = 0.26 (2.896/500) 2800 636 = 2685 mm2

Asmax = 0.04Ac = 0.04 2800 700 = 78,400 mm2/m

Propose:
Main & secondary bars = 14H16 (As,prov = 2815 mm2/m)

Shear:

EC2: cl. i) Vertical Shear: Critical at 1.0d from column face

6.2.2 Design shear force:

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output

Max shear force

VEd = 253 x (2.8 x 0.614) = 435 kN

Design shear resistance:

VRd,c = [0.12k (1001 fck)1/3]bd

k = 1 200 = 1 200 = 1.56 < 2.0

d 636

1 =
As l , prov
= 2815
bd 2800 636
= 0.0016 > 0.0015 & < 0.02

VRd,c = [(0.18/1.5)k (1001 fck)1/3]bd

= [0.12 x 1.56 (100 x 0.0016 x 30)1/3] 2800 x 636
= 562.3 kN

Minimum shear resistance:

1/ 2
Vmin = [ 0.035k 3 / 2 f ck ]bd
= 0.035 1.56 3 / 2 301 / 2 2800 636
= 665.2 kN

Hence,
VRd,c = 665.2 kN > VEd = 435 kN
OK
Cracking:

EC2: cl. h = 700 mm > 200 mm

7.3.3
Quasi - permanent action
Assume 0.55
ULS action

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
f yk Asreq Quasi - permanent action
fs =
s Asprov ULS action

= 500 1985 0.55

1.15 2815
= 169 N/mm2

For design crack width = 0.3 mm

EC2: Table OK
Max. bar diameter to control cracking = 32 mm > 16 mm
7.2N
Max. allowable bar spacing = 300 mm
EC2: Table Actual max. bar spacing = [2800 2(40) 16] / 13
7.3N
= 204 mm < 300 mm OK

Design of Tie Beam

Main reinforcement

Effective depth:
d = 1000 40 8 32 = 920 mm

K = M / bd2fck
= 1044 x 106 / 300 x 9202 x 30
= 0.137 < 0.167
compression steel is not required

z = {0.5 + (0.25 1.134)}

0.137
= 820 {0.5 + (0.25 1.134)}
= 790.7 mm

As = M / 0.87fykz
= 1044 x 106 / (0.87 x 500 x 790.7)
= 3035.4 mm2 Use 4H32
(3220 mm2)
Minimum and maximum reinforcement area,
EN1992-1-1
, = 0.26
[Link]
2.896
, = 0.26 = 0.0015 > 0.0013
500
Use 0.0015bd = 0.0015 x 300 x 920 = 414 mm2

[Link] , = 0.04 = 0.04 = 0.04 300 1000 = 12,000 2 OK

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
Shear reinforcement
VEd = 261.9 kN

Concrete strut capacity (Check VEf)

, = 0.36 (1 /250)/( + )
, = 0.36 300 920 30 (1 30/250)/( + )
, = 798 = 22
6.2.3 , = 1312 = 45
= 261.9 < , = 798 = 22
Therefore < 22

= 0.51 [ /0.18 (1 /250)]

= 0.51 [261.9 103 /0.18 300 920 30(1 30/250)]
= 0.51 (0.20) = 5.77
Therefore use = 22 where = 0.40 = 2.48

Shear links (Check VEd)

= /0.78
= 261.9 103 /0.78 500 920 2.48 = 0.294
Try link: H8 where Asw = 101 mm2
Spacing, s = 101 / 0.294 = 343.5 mm

Max. spacing, smax = 0.75d = 0.75 x 920 = 690 mm

9.2.2(6)

Minimum links

9.2.2(5) = 0.08 1/2 /

= 0.08 301/2 300/500 = 0.26
Try link: H8 where Asw = 101 mm2
Spacing, s = 101 / 0.26 = 384 mm Use H8-375

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output
Cracking
7.3 Quasi - permanent action
Assume 0.55
Table 7.1N ULS action

f yk Asreq Quasi - permanent action

fs =
s Asprov ULS action

= 500 3035.4 0.55

1.15 3220
= 225.42 N/mm2

Min. bar spacing,

Table 7.3N
(i) The max bar size = 32 mm
(ii) 20 mm
(iii)The maximum aggregate size + 5mm = 20 + 5 = 25 mm
Therefore, min. bar spacing = 32 mm

Max. allowable bar spacing = 225 mm

Actual bar spacing,

s = [300 2(40) 2(8) 2(32)] = 140 mm
OK
32 < 90 < 225

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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2016
UEMX 2363 CONCRETE STRUCTURES DESIGN II TUTORIAL 1
Reference Calculation Output

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