4700.

bk Page i Tuesday, December 21, 1999 11:26 AM

4700 Receiver
Operation Manual

Version 1.0
Part Number 36238-00
Revision B
December 1998

Trimble Navigation Limited

Land Survey Division
645 North Mary Avenue
P.O. Box 3642
Sunnyvale, CA 94088-3642
U.S.A.

1-800-827-8000 in North America

+1-408-481-8000 International
Fax: +1-408-481-7744
[Link]
[Link] Page ii Tuesday, December 21, 1999 11:26 AM

Trimble Navigation Europe Limited

Trimble House, Meridian Office Park
Osborn Way, Hook
Hampshire RG27 9HX
ENGLAND
+44-1256-760-150
Fax: +44-1256-760-148
Voicemail: +44-1256-761-130

Trimble Navigation Singapore PTE Limited

79 Anson Road
# 05-02
Singapore 079906
SINGAPORE
+65-325-5668
Fax: +65-225-9989
Voicemail: +65-325-5668

Trimble Japan K.K.

Sumitomo Hamamatsu-cho, Building 10F
1-18-16 Hamamatsu-cho Minato-ku
Tokyo 105
JAPAN
+81-3-5472-0880
Fax: +81-3-5472-2326

Trimble Navigation New Zealand Limited

11 Birmingham Drive
P.O. Box 8729 Riccarton
Christchurch
NEW ZEALAND
+64-3-339-1400
Fax: +64-3-339-1417

Copyright
1998 Trimble Navigation Limited. All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be
copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-
readable form without prior written consent from Trimble Navigation Limited.
Printed in the United States of America. Printed on recycled paper.
[Link] Page iii Tuesday, December 21, 1999 11:26 AM

Release Notice
This is the December 1998 release, Revision B of the 4700 Receiver Operation Manual, part
number 36238-00. It applies to version 1.0 of the firmware.

Trademarks
Trimble and the Trimble logo, Series 4000, 4700, GPS Total Station, GPSurvey, PowerLiTE,
Survey Controller, Trimble Survey Office, TRIMNET Plus, TSC1, TSIP, andWAVE are
trademarks of Trimble Navigation Limited. Microsoft, MS-DOS, Windows, Windows 95, and
Windows NT are registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Intel is a
trademark of Intel Corporation. All other brand names are trademarks of their respective
holders.

Disclaimer of Warranty
EXCEPT AS INDICATED IN LIMITED WARRANTY HEREIN, TRIMBLE HARDWARE, SOFTWARE,
FIRMWARE AND DOCUMENTATION IS PROVIDED AS IS AND WITHOUT EXPRESS OR LIMITED
WARRANTY OF ANY KIND BY EITHER TRIMBLE NAVIGATION LIMITED OR ANYONE WHO HAS
BEEN INVOLVED IN ITS CREATION, PRODUCTION, OR DISTRIBUTION INCLUDING BUT NOT
LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK, AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE TRIMBLE
HARDWARE, SOFTWARE, FIRMWARE AND DOCUMENTATION, IS WITH YOU. SOME STATES DO
NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES, SO THE ABOVE EXCLUSION MAY NOT
APPLY TO YOU.

Limitation of Liability
IN NO EVENT WILL TRIMBLE NAVIGATION LIMITED OR ANY PERSON INVOLVED IN THE
CREATION, PRODUCTION, OR DISTRIBUTION OF THE TRIMBLE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE TO YOU ON
ACCOUNT OF ANY CLAIM FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY LOST PROFITS, LOST SAVINGS,
OR OTHER SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT
NOT LIMITED TO ANY DAMAGES ASSESSED AGAINST OR PAID BY YOU TO ANY THIRD PARTY,
RISING OUT OF THE USE, LIABILITY TO USE, QUALITY OR PERFORMANCE OF SUCH TRIMBLE
SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTATION, EVEN IF TRIMBLE NAVIGATION LIMITED OR ANY SUCH
PERSON OR ENTITY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF DAMAGES, OR FOR ANY CLAIM
BY ANY OTHER PARTY. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION OF
LIABILITY FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES SO, THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS MAY
NOT APPLY TO YOU.
[Link] Page iv Tuesday, December 21, 1999 11:26 AM

Software and Firmware Limited Warranty

Trimble Navigation Limited warrants that Software and Firmware products will substantially
conform to the published specifications provided it is used with the Trimble products,
computer products, and operating system for which it was designed. For a period of ninety (90)
days, commencing thirty (30) days after shipment from Trimble, Trimble also warrants that the
magnetic media on which Software and Firmware are distributed and the documentation are
free from defects in materials and workmanship. During the ninety (90) day warranty period,
Trimble will replace defective media or documentation, or correct substantial program errors at
no charge. If Trimble is unable to replace defective media or documentation, or correct
program errors, Trimble will refund the price paid for The Software. These are your sole
remedies for any breach in warranty.

Hardware Limited Warranty

Trimble Navigation Limited products are warranted against defects in material and
workmanship for a period of one year. The warranty period shall commence thirty (30) days
after shipment from Trimbles factory. Warranty service will be provided at a designated
Trimble Service Center. Trimble will at its option either repair or replace products that prove to
be defective. The Customer shall pay all shipping charges for products returned to Trimble for
warranty service. Trimble shall pay all shipping charges for the return of products to the
Customer.
The above warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from:
1. Improper or inadequate maintenance by the buyer
2. Buyer-supplied software or interfacing
3. Unauthorized modification or misuse
4. Operation outside of the environmental specifications of the product
5. Improper installation, where applicable
6. Lightning or other electrical discharge
7. Fresh or salt water immersion or spray
8. Normal wear and tear on consumable parts (for example, batteries)
No other warranty is expressed or implied. Trimble Navigation Limited specifically disclaims
the implied warranties of fitness for a particular purpose and merchantability.
[Link] Page v Tuesday, December 21, 1999 11:26 AM

Contents
Preface
Scope and Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviii
Related Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
Release Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
Update Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xx
Other Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xx
World Wide Web (WWW) Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xx
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Site . . . . . . . . . . . . .xx
Technical Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi
Reader Comment Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxii
Document Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxii
Warnings, Cautions, Notes, and Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xxiii

1 GPS Surveying Concepts

1.1 Number of Visible Satellites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
1.2 Elevation Mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
1.3 Logging Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
1.4 Environmental Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
1.5 GPS versus Conventional Surveying Techniques . . . . . . . . . .1-4
1.5.1 Postprocessed Surveys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5
1.5.2 Real-Time Kinematic Surveys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5
1.5.3 GPS Surveying Methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6

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Contents

1.6 Design of GPS Surveys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8

1.7 Postprocessed Surveying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
1.7.1 Static Surveying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
1.7.2 FastStatic Surveying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-13
FastStatic versus Static . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-13
FastStatic using a TSC1 Handheld Controller. . . . . . .1-14
FastStatic versus Kinematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-15
1.8 Sample Field Survey - Postprocessed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-16
1.8.1 FastStatic Data Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-16

2 General Operation
2.1 The 4700 Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
2.2 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
2.3 Indicator LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
2.4 Port Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
2.5 GPS Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
2.5.1 Micro-centered Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-11
2.5.2 Antenna Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
2.6 Radio Link Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
2.6.1 Power In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
2.6.2 Power Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
2.6.3 External Power Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-14
Restarting the Survey After Power-Down. . . . . . . . .2-15
2.6.4 Charging the Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-16
2.7 Data Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
2.7.1 Data Download . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Backing Up Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-19
Deleting Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
2.7.2 Clearing RAM and File Syste . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-20
2.8 Software and Firmware Version Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . .2-20

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Contents

2.9 Operating Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21

2.10 Internal Radio (Optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
2.11 Use and Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
2.12 COCOM Limits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23

3 Pre-Survey Planning
3.1 Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
3.2 Site Reconnaissance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
3.3 Network Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
3.4 Survey Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
3.4.1 Project Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
3.4.2 Check Satellite Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5

4 In the Field - Control Surveying

4.1 Postprocessed Surveys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
4.2 Control Surveying Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-3
4.2.1 Static Surveying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
4.2.2 FastStatic Surveying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-4
4.3 Measuring Antenna Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5
4.3.1 Fixed-Height Tripod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-7
4.4 FastStatic Surveying Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-8
4.4.1 Required Equipment and Software . . . . . . . . . . . .4-8
4.4.2 Setting Up the Equipment and Running the Surve . . . .4-8
4.4.3 Using the 4700 Receiver with a Rangepole . . . . . . . .4-11
4.4.4 Making an Observation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-13
4.4.5 Minimum Observation Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-15
4.5 Static Surveying Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16
4.5.1 Equipment and Software Required . . . . . . . . . . . .4-16
4.5.2 Setting Up the Equipment and Running the Surve . . . .4-17
4.5.3 Static Survey Times and Distances . . . . . . . . . . . .4-17

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Contents

5 Back in the Office - Postprocessing the Field Data

5.1 Open a Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
5.2 Download the Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
5.3 Check In andVerify the Field Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-4
5.4 Back Up the Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
5.5 Process the Baselines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
5.6 View the Baseline Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
5.7 Adjust the Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
5.7.1 Create Project Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-6

6 In the Field - Real-Time Kinematic Surveying

6.1 Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) Surveying Description. . . . . . . . .6-2
6.1.1 RTK Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
6.2 RTK Base Receiver Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-4
6.2.1 Site Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-4
6.2.2 Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
6.2.3 Connecting the Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-6
6.2.4 Connecting the Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-7
6.2.5 Connecting the Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-8
6.2.6 Connecting the TSC1 Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-8
6.3 RTK Rover Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
6.3.1 Site Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-10
6.3.2 Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
6.3.3 Connecting the Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-12
6.3.4 Connecting an External Radio to the 4700 Receiver . . .6-13
6.3.5 Connecting the Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-13
6.3.6 Connecting the TSC1 Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-14

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Contents

A Typical Configurations
A.1 Base Station Static/FastStatic Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-1
A.2 Rover Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5
A.3 Preparing to Download Field Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-8
A.3.1 Office Download. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-8
A.3.2 Field Download . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-9
A.4 External Power Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-10
A.4.1 Office Support Module IV (OSM IV) . . . . . . . . . . .A-10
A.4.2 Camcorder Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-10
A.4.3 6 AH battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-10
A.4.4 10 AH battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-11
A.4.5 Other Trimble Power Supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-11
A.5 GPS Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-12
A.5.1 Micro-centered Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-12
A.5.2 Compact L1/L2 antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-13
A.5.3 Machine/Permanent Mount L1/L2 Antenna . . . . . . . .A-14

B Specifications

C NMEA-0183 Output
C.1 Message Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
C.1.1 Fields and Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-2
C.1.2 Latitude and Longitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-2
C.1.3 Direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-2
C.1.4 Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-3
C.2 Supported Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-3
C.2.1 GGA: Time, Global Pasitioning System Fix Data Position,
and Fix Related Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-4
C.2.2 GST Position Error Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-5

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Contents

C.2.3 GSV: Number of SVs In View, PRN Numbers, Elevation,

Azimuth and SNR Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-6
C.2.4 PTNL,GGK: Time, Position, Position Type, DOP . . . .C-7
C.2.5 PTNL, SYNC: Time, Position, Position Type,DOP, and
Ellipsoidal Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-8
C.2.6 PTNL,PJK: Local Coordinate Position Output . . . . . .C-9
C.2.7 PTNL,PJT: Projection Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-10
C.2.8 VGK: PTNL, VGKVector Information . . . . . . . . . .C-10
C.2.9 VHD: PTNL, VHD Heading Information . . . . . . . . .C-11
C.2.10 VTG: Actual Track Made Good Over and
Speed Over Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-12
C.2.11 ZDA: UTC Day, Month, And Year, and
Local Time Zone Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-13

D Event Marker Input and One Pulse Per Second (1PPS)

Output Option
D.1 Event Marker Option Summary Description . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-1
D.2 1PPS Option Summary Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-1
D.3 Port 2 Pinout Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-2
D.4 Event Marker/1PPS Cable (PN 36451-00) Description . . . . . . .D-3
D.5 Event Marker Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-5
D.5.1 Using Remote Controller to Enable and
Configure Event Marker Input. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-5
D.5.2 Using Configuration Toolbox to Create an
Application File to Enable and Configure 4700
with Event Marker Input Capability. . . . . . . . . . . .D-7
D.6 One Pulse Per Second Output (1PPS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-9
D.6.1 1PPS Pulse Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-9
D.6.2 ASCII Time Tag Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-11
D.6.3 Using Remote Controller to Enable and Configure
1PPS Output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-12

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Contents

D.6.4 Using Configuration Toolbox to Create an

Application File to Enable and Configure 4700
to Output 1PPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-14

E Remote Controller Software

E.1 Installing the Remote Controller Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E-2
E.1.1 Installing Remote Controller From a Floppy Disk . . . .E-2
E.1.2 Installing Remote Controller From a C . . . . . . . . .E-2
E.1.3 Installing Remote Controller From the Internet . . . . . .E-3
E.2 Using the Remote Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E-4
E.3 Menu Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-5
E.4 Softkeys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-5
E.5 ALPHA Key and Carousels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E-6
E.6 Entering Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-7
E.7 Keyboard and Display Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E-8
E.8 Remote Controller Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-8

F Configuration Toolbox
F.1 Installing the Configuration Toolbox Software. . . . . . . . . . . .F-2
F.1.1 Installing Configuration Toolbox From a
Floppy Diskette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-2
F.1.2 Installing Configuration Toolbox From a CD . . . . . . .F-2
F.1.3 Installing Configuration Toolbox From the Internet. . . .F-3
F.2 Using Configuration Toolbox Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F-3
F.2.1 Configuring Your 4700 Receiver Using
Configuration Toolbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F-4
F.2.2 Configuration Toolbox On-Line Help . . . . . . . . . . .F-5

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Contents

G Using WinFLASH
G.1 Installing the WinFLASH Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .G-2
G.1.1 Installing WinFLASH From a Floppy Diskette . . . . . .G-2
G.1.2 Installing WinFLASH From a CD . . . . . . . . . . . . .G-2
G.1.3 Installing WinFLASH From the Internet . . . . . . . . .G-3
G.2 Using WinFLASH: An Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .G-4

H Using the CommSet Utility

H.1 Installing the CommSet Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H-1
H.1.1 Installing CommSet From a Floppy Diskette . . . . . . .H-2
H.1.2 Installing CommSet From a CD . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H-2
H.1.3 Installing CommSet From the Internet . . . . . . . . . .H-3
H.2 CommSet Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-3
H.3 Radio Modem Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H-5

I Office Support Module (OSM IV)

I.1 Power Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
I.2 Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
I.3 Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-3
I.4 Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-3
I.5 Powering the 4700 Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-4
I.6 Charging Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-5
I.7 Status Indicator Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-6
I.8 Data I/O Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-6
I.9 Deep Discharged Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-6

J Troubleshooting

Index

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List of Figures
Figure 1-1 Network Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Figure 1-2 Radial Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
Figure 1-3 Control Network. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
Figure 1-4 Base at 1, FastStatic Data Logging Session . . . . . . . . 1-17
Figure 1-5 Base at 3, FastStatic Data Logging Session . . . . . . . . 1-17
Figure 2-1 4700 Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Figure 2-2 4700 Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Figure 2-3 4700 Rear Panel Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Figure 2-4 Serial Ports and Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Figure 2-5 7-Pin Small Shell Lemo Receiver Ports . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Figure 2-6 OSM IV Charger, with 6Ah and Camcorder Batteries . . . . 2-16
Figure 2-7 Standard Configuration for Data Download . . . . . . . . 2-18
Figure 4-1 Measuring the Antenna Height Using a Measuring Rod and
Conventional Tripod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
Figure 4-2 Typical Setup Using A 4700 Receiver, For Static and
FastStatic Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Figure 4-3 Locating the Antenna with a Clear View of the Sky . . . . . 4-10
Figure 4-4 Using a Rangepole With the 4700 Receiver . . . . . . . . 4-12
Figure 5-1 Standard Configuration for Data Download . . . . . . . . 5-3
Figure 6-1 Connecting the Hardware to the 4700 Base Receiver Ports . . 6-5
Figure 6-2 Connecting the Hardware to the 4700 Rover Receiver Ports
(Internal Radio) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
Figure A-1 4700 Configuration for Static or FastStatic Survey with a
Conventional Tripod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3

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List of Figures

Figure A-2 4700 Base Station Configuration for an RTK Survey . . . . A-4
Figure A-3 4700 RTK Rover Configuration with Backpack . . . . . . A-6
Figure A-4 Cable Connections for an RTK Survey . . . . . . . . . . A-7
Figure A-5 Downloading Field Data Using the OSM IV Charger Unit . . A-8
Figure A-6 Field Download Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-9
Figure D-1 Port 2 Pinout Connector Diagra . . . . . . . . . . . . D-2
Figure D-2 Event Marker Input/1PPS Output Cable . . . . . . . . . D-3
Figure D-3 Remote Controller Event Marker Display . . . . . . . . . D-6
Figure D-4 Configuration File Event Marker Creation Screen . . . . . . D-7
Figure D-5 Time Tag Relation to 1 PPS Wave For . . . . . . . . . D-9
Figure D-6 Remote Controller 1PPS Output Display . . . . . . . . . D-12
Figure D-7 Configuration File Device - 1PPS Enable Screen . . . . . . D-14
Figure D-8 Configuration File Output - 1PPS Screen . . . . . . . . . D-15
Figure E-1 Simulated 4700 Receiver Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . E-4
Figure E-2 RTK Base Station Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-7
Figure F-1 Configuration File Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-4
Figure H-1 CommSet Dialog Box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-5
Figure H-2 Internal Radio Properties Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . H-6
Figure I-1 OSM IV Charger and Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-1

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List of Tables
Table 1-1 Baseline Observation Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Table 2-1 4700 Indicator LED Data and Power Functions . . . . . . . 2-7
Table 2-2 4700 Port Pinouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Table 2-3 System Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Table 4-1 FastStatic Survey Point Occupation Times . . . . . . . . 4-15
Table A-1 Conventional Tripod Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Table A-2 Optional Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
Table A-3 Recommended Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
Table A-4 Optional UHF Radio-Modem Equipment . . . . . . . . . A-4
Table A-5 Rangepole Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5
Table A-6 Optional Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5
Table A-7 Micro-centered Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-13
Table A-8 Antenna Cable Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-14
Table B-1 Static Survey Performance Accuracy (Postprocessed) . . . . B-1
Table B-2 Real-Time Kinematic Survey Performance Accuracy . . . . B-2
Table B-3 Post Processed Kinematic Survey Performance. . . . . . . B-2
Table B-4 4700 Receiver Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . B-2
Table B-5 4700 Receiver Technical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . B-3
Table B-6 4700 Receiver Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . B-3
Table B-7 4700 Receiver Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
Table C-1 NMEA Message Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-3
Table C-2 GGA Message Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-4
Table C-3 GST Message Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-5

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List of Tables

Table C-4 GSV Message Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-6

Table C-5 PTNL,GGK Message Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-7
Table C-6 PTNL, SYNC Message Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-8
Table C-7 PTNL,PJK Message Fields. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-9
Table C-8 PTNL,PJT Message Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-10
Table C-9 PTNL, VGK Message Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-10
Table C-10 PTNL, VHD Message Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-11
Table C-11 VTG Message Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-12
Table C-12 ZDA Message Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-13
Table D-1 Port 2 Pinout Functionality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-2
Table D-2 Event Marker Input/1PPS Output Cable Pinouts . . . . . . D-4
Table E-1 Keyboard and Display Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . E-8
Table J-1 4700 Receiver Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-2

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Preface
Welcome to the 4700 Receiver Operation Manual. This manual
describes how to install, set up, and use the Trimble 4700 GPS
receiver.

Scope and Audience

Even if you have used other Global Positioning System (GPS)
products before, we recommend that you spend some time reading
this manual to learn about the special features of this product. If you
are not familiar with GPS, we suggest that you read the booklet GPS,
A Guide to the Next Utility that is available from Trimble Navigation
Limited.
We assume that you are familiar with Microsoft Windows, and know
how to use a mouse, select options from menus and dialog boxes,
make selections from lists, and use online Help. For a review of these
techniques, refer to your Windows documentation.
The following sections provide a guide to this manual, as well as to
other documentation that you may have received with this product.

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Preface

Organization
This manual contains the following:
Chapter 1, GPS Surveying Concepts, provides an overview of
GPS surveying topics and the GPSurvey software as
related to the 4700 receive .
Chapter 2, General Operation, describes the general
operation and functionality of the 4700 receiver.
Chapter 3, Pre-Survey Planning, outlines the steps necessary
to plan a GPS survey project.
Chapter 4, In the Field - Control Surveying, contains a
summary of the steps involved in carrying out a GPS survey
project using control surveying methods.
Chapter 5, Back in the Office - Postprocessing the Field Data,
contains a summary of the steps required for postprocessing
GPS survey data.
Chapter 6, In the Field - Real-Time Kinematic Surveying,
describes the steps involved in executing a GPS survey
project using real-time kinematic surveying methods.
Appendix A, Typical Configurations, contains the typical
configurations for using the 4700 receiver in the field as well
as for downloading the field data.
Appendix B, Specifications, includes tables that contain
performance, physical, technical, electrical, and functional
specifications for the 4700 receiver.
Appendix C, NMEA-0183 Output, describe the various
NMEA messages, when output is enabled, that can be
produced to aid integration with other sensors.
Appendix D, Event Marker Input and One Pulse Per Second
(1PPS) Output Option, contains a description of the Event
Marker and 1 PPS Output, and how they interface with the
Port 2 pinout functionality.

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Preface

Appendix E, Remote Controller Software, provides an

overview of the Remote Controller software with the 4700
receiver.
Appendix F, Configuration Toolbox, describes a Windows
application that provides a graphical user interface to
configure the 4700 receivers.
Appendix G, Using WinFLASH, describes the software
package that communicates with Trimble products to perform
various functions such as software and option upgrades as
well as certain diagnostics.
Appendix H, Using the CommSet Utility, a communications
setup utility for configuring Trimble radio modem products.
Appendix I, Office Support Module (OSM IV), describes the
battery charger used for sealed lead-acid batteries in the
Trimble hardware.
Appendix J, Troubleshooting, contains information about
troubleshooting the 4700 receiver.

Related Information
The following sections discuss other sources of information that
introduce, extend, or update this manual.

Release Notes
The release notes describe new features of the product, information
not included in the manuals, and any changes to the manuals.

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Preface

Update Notes
There is a warranty activation sheet with this product. Send it in to
automatically receive update notes as they become available. These
contain important information about software and hardware changes.
Contact your local Trimble Dealer for more information about the
support agreement contracts for software and firmware, and an
extended warranty program for hardware.

Other Information
This section lists sources that provide other useful information.

World Wide Web (WWW) Site

For an interactive look at Trimble, visit our site on the World Wide
Web ([Link]

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Site

Use the Trimble FTP site to send files or to receive files such as
software patches, utilities, and answers to frequently asked questions
(FAQs). The address is [Link]
You can also access the FTP site from the Trimble World Wide Web
site ([Link]

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Preface

Technical Assistance
If you have a problem and cannot find the information you need in the
product documentation, contact your local dealer.
If you need further assistance, contact the Trimble Technical
Assistance Center (TAC) by phone, fax, or email. A support
technician can help determine the cause of the problem and provide
technical assistance.
To contact TAC:
Phone: +1-800-SOS-4TAC (North America)
+1-408-481-6940 (International)
Phones are answered from 6:00 am to 5.30 pm
Pacific Standard Time.
Fax: +1-408-481-6020
Email: trimble_support@[Link]
When you contact TAC, provide the following information:
The Trimble product name, any software or firmware version
number(s), and if appropriate, the serial number.
Your specific question or problem.
Please detail background information, such as the
configuration of your data collector or receiver, and the exact
type, make, and configuration of your computer. If you have
received error messages, please specify the exact wording.
If you need to send a data file with your inquiry, please compress the
file using PKZIP software by PKWARE, Inc., and name the file with
the extension .ZIP.
Use one of the following methods to send the file:
Attach the file to your email inquiry
Put the file on the Trimble FTP site and include the file name
in your email inquiry.

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Preface

Reader Comment Form

Thank you for purchasing this product. We would appreciate
feedback about the documentation. Use the reader comment form at
the back of this manual or, if this is not available, send comments and
suggestions to the address in the front. All comments and suggestions
become the property of Trimble Navigation Limited.

Document Conventions
Italics identify software menus, menu commands, dialog boxes, and
the dialog box fields.
SMALL CAPITALS identify DOS commands, directories, filenames,
and filename extensions.
Courier represents messages printed on the screen.
Courier Bold represents information that you must type in a
software screen or window.
Helvetica Bold identifies a software command button.
[Ctrl] is an example of a hardware function key that you must press on
a personal computer (PC). If you must press more than one of these at
the same time, this is represented by a plus sign, for example, [Ctrl] +
[C].

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Preface

Warnings, Cautions, Notes, and Tips

Warnings, cautions, notes, and tips draw attention to important
information and indicate its nature and purpose.

M Warning Warnings alert you to situations that could cause personal

injury or unrecoverable data loss.

I Caution Cautions alert you to situations that could cause hardware

damage or software error.

* Note Notes give additional significant information about the subject

to increase your knowledge, or guide your actions.

F Tip Tips indicate a shortcut or other time- or labor-saving hint that

can help you make better use of the product.

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1 GPS Surveying
Concepts
This chapter provides an overview of GPS surveying topics and the
GPSurvey software as related to the 4700 receiver. For a more
detailed explanation of GPS surveying, refer to the GPS Surveying
General Reference in the GPSurvey software documentation package.
GPS surveying requires: the use of GPS hardware for data collection,
proper field data-collection procedures, and software to process the
field data and to generate the final product. It is not necessary to have
a thorough understanding of all of the principles of GPS to use it.
However, it is useful to become familiar with the basic GPS
terminology and procedures.
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based positioning
system operated by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). This
system provides all-weather, worldwide, 24-hour position and time
information. The satellites broadcast signals that can be tracked by
receivers for positioning and navigation purposes. The positioning
accuracy of GPS ranges from 100 meters to less than 1 centimeter,
depending upon the equipment and techniques used.

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GPS Surveying Concepts 1

1.1 Number of Visible Satellites

The Global Positioning System is designed so that at least four
satellites are above the local horizon at all times. Normally, there are
more than four satellites visible. Because the satellites are orbiting,
satellite geometry changes throughout the day, but generally repeats
from one day to the next. In general, plan to track as many satellites
as possible. The number of satellites above the local horizon and the
relative position of the satellites with respect to one another is
important. The ideal situation is to have as many satellites as possible
and to have a satellite in each quadrant of the sky and one directly
over the project area.
Low elevation satellites present problems for a GPS receiver. The
amount of atmosphere that the GPS signals must travel through
increases for low elevation satellites, and this adversely affects the
GPS signal. These low elevation satellites have lower signal-to-noise
ratios, and signal multipath tends to be worse.
Satellite geometry directly impacts the ability of the 4700 receiver to
initialize during an RTK survey. When the 4700 receiver is trying to
initialize for an RTK survey, at least 5 satellites must be visible. This
is because 4 satellites are a mathematical minimum for initialization,
and the system cannot check itself with only 4 satellites. With data
from 5 satellites, there is some redundancy, or extra information in the
computation for internal checking. The more satellites available, the
faster the 4700 receiver can initialize.

1.2 Elevation Mask

The Elevation Mask is the cutoff angle for satellite tracking. The
receiver ignores satellites below the Elevation Mask. The default
Elevation Mask when surveying with the 4700 receiver is 13, which
works well for most sites.

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1 GPS Surveying Concepts

1.3 Logging Rate

The default logging rate for the 4700 receiver is 15 seconds. This is
considered the optimal epoch interval for Static and FastStatic data
collection. To increase precision, increase the observation period
rather than reducing the logging or epoch rate.

1.4 Environmental Factors

Environmental factors that impact GPS measurement quality include:
ionospheric activity
tropospheric delay
signal obstructions
multipath
radio frequency (RF) interference
High ionospheric activity causes rapid changes in GPS signal delay,
even between closely spaced receivers. Ionospheric activity is most
extreme at the polar and equatorial regions, and varies along an 11-
year cycle. During periods of high ionospheric activity, real-time
kinematic initialization performance can be degraded in the time-to-
initialize and in precision of the results.
Tropospheric delay is modeled within the 4700 receiver. The
troposphere delay occurs when the GPS signal travels through the
lower part of the atmosphere and varies with weather conditions,
height above sea level, and satellite elevation angle. A base receiver
located in a sunny valley experiences different tropospheric delays
than a rover located at the top of a cloud-covered mountain.
Initialization and baseline accuracy are affected by tropospheric delay.
If possible, try to locate the base station at approximately the same
elevation as the rover.

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GPS Surveying Concepts 1

Signal obstructions limit the number of visible satellites and can also
induce signal multipath. Flat metallic objects located near the antenna
can cause signal reflection before reception at the antenna. For phase
measurements and RTK positioning, this effect is on the order of 1 to
5 centimeters. Multipath effects on the roving antenna are transient,
while a static base station can experience slowly changing errors.
Ideally, the base station should be located in a clear environment with
an open view of the sky.

1.5 GPS versus Conventional Surveying Techniques

The following are advantages of GPS over conventional surveying
techniques:
Line-of-sight between stations is not required.
GPS accuracy is subject to little degradation by weather (rain,
snow, high or low temperatures, or humidity).
GPS is faster than conventional methods.
GPS provides results in a unified world coordinate system.
GPS results are digital and easily transferred to mapping or
GIS systems.
There are many options for observing GPS baselines. For example,
GPS surveys can be conducted either as postprocessed surveys or
real-time kinematic (RTK) surveys.

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1 GPS Surveying Concepts

1.5.1 Postprocessed Surveys

In postprocessed surveys, data is logged in the receiver or in a
handheld data collector, then downloaded to a computer and
processed using specially designed software, such as GPSurvey.
When data is collected for postprocessing, there are a number of
different data collection techniques. The terms Static, FastStatic, and
kinematic refer to different methods of collecting data in the field.
Postprocessed kinematic surveys can include both stop-and-go
kinematic and continuous kinematic.

1.5.2 Real-Time Kinematic Surveys

The 4700 receiver can be used with a TSC1 handheld controller to
perform real-time kinematic (RTK) surveys. Examples of typical real-
time surveying applications are: stakeout, monument recovery, and
topographic surveys. In real-time kinematic surveys, data processing
occurs in the field as data is logged, providing immediate results in
the form of coordinates in the handheld data collector.
Real-time surveys are kinematic surveys with a communications link
(radio) between the base receiver and rover. Like the postprocessed
kinematic technique, RTK can include stop-and-go data collection
and continuous data collection. Real-time surveys with the 4700
receiver always require a TSC1 controller at the rover station.
The 4700 receiver uses real-time kinematic positioning to achieve
accuracies at the centimeter level. Kinematic GPS employs at least
two receivers that track the same satellites simultaneously. This
technique requires carrier phase observables, and it can benefit
significantly from dual frequency receivers for initialization purposes.
This is because carrier phase measurements contain integer phase
ambiguities that must be correctly resolved or initialized to obtain the
highest precision. The additional data logged from the second
frequency facilitates faster resolution of these ambiguities.

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GPS Surveying Concepts 1

The 4700 receiver tracks the L1 C/A code and full cycle L1 and L2
carrier phase observables, even during periods of P-code encryption.
The 4700 receiver also uses on-the-fly (OTF) ambiguity resolution
techniques to provide initialization while the receiver is moving. This
provides maximum efficiency in the field and avoids traditional
postprocessing techniques or time-consuming reoccupations in the
field.
A minimum of 5 satellites are required for OTF initialization, which
is normally achieved in under one minute. Once initialized, a
minimum of 4 satellites must be tracked to avoid reinitialization of
the system.

1.5.3 GPS Surveying Methods

Table 1-1 lists the basic types of data collection for the 4700 receiver.
Table 1-1 Baseline Observation Techniques

Baseline Observation Best Suited For

Techniques Using
Dual- Frequency GPS
Receivers
Static long baselines and high-order control
work
FastStatic local surveys where high productivity is
required, but many obstructions
between stations exist
Stop-and-Go Kinematic high productivity on local sites with few
satellite obstructions
Continuous Kinematic topographic surveys in large open areas
and dynamic (moving) platforms
Real-time Kinematic stakeout, detail, and topographic
(RTK) surveys on local sites with fe
obstructions

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1 GPS Surveying Concepts

All of the baseline observation procedures described in Table 1 -1

require the use of at least two receivers. This is because in GPS
baseline determination, the position of one receiver is computed
relative to the position of another.
A result of GPS processing is the computation of the difference in
position between a reference point and an unknown station. The
derived coordinates of survey stations are only as accurate as the
reference on which computations are based. That is, the difference
between the stations can be measured very precisely using GPS
surveying, but the absolute accuracy of the coordinates derived from a
GPS survey depends on the accuracy of the reference station
coordinates within the network.
Each data collection method has special conditions associated with it
that dictate how and when the method can be used. The following
section describes types of GPS survey networks and the data
collection methods performed using the 4700 receiver.

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GPS Surveying Concepts 1

1.6 Design of GPS Surveys

Before going out to the field to collect data, develop a scheme or
design for the network of intended occupations. To do so, answer this
question: what is the objective for this survey?
If this is a control survey, the primary consideration is the desired
precision of the final coordinates. Therefore, design the network with
a considerable amount of redundancy, or additional measurements
above and beyond the absolute minimum required. This type of
network includes an optimal number of known points, with as many
cross-ties and repeated measurements as can reasonably be
scheduled.
The sample network of stations and baselines in Figur e1-1 is
provided as an illustration.

Horizontal Control Station

Vertical Control Station
New Point

Figure 1-1 Network Design

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1 GPS Surveying Concepts

The following example describes a method for surveying a small area,

where the primary objective is a topographic map. The goal here is to
survey a large number of points in the shortest time and with the least
amount of setups. There are individual features and break points to
occupy, as well as large open areas where it may be expedient to drive
a vehicle while logging data.
In this case, it may be advantageous to make the measurements as
radial lines from one or more base receiver(s). The lack of
redundancy in the design is due to the conscious decision to increase
productivity rather than maximize precision. This design is shown in
Figur e1-2.

Figure 1-2 Radial Survey

Control surveys are normally performed as postprocessed surveys,

often employing more than the minimum two receivers. After data is
collected and processed, a least-squares adjustment is performed to
compute optimal coordinates for all stations in the network. Software
for baseline processing and adjustment is included in many of the
4700 receiver configurations.

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GPS Surveying Concepts 1

Control surveys can also be performed as RTK surveys, but the
network adjustment can only be performed after the RTK data has
been collected. QC1 and QC2 output is required to adjust RTK data.
Choose the appropriate settings in the TSC1 controller when
adjustment of RTK data is desired. For this reason, it may be more
efficient to establish a control network that overlays the project area
using postprocessed techniques and then employ RTK for more
detailed surveys using the previously established control network.
Stations in the adjusted control network, then, provide ideal base
stations and check points when performing an RTK survey.
After determining the survey requirements, plan the survey and
determine the optimal method of collecting the data. The next section
describes the options for data collection with the 4700 receiver.

* Note In this manual the reference, base, or base station refers to an

antenna (connected to the 4700 receiver) positioned over a known or
previously surveyed point. The 4700 receiver measuring an unknown
point is called the rover.

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1 GPS Surveying Concepts

1.7 Postprocessed Surveying

The 4700 receiver can be used in Static, FastStatic, as well as RTK
and postprocessed kinematic surveys. The 4700 receiver can be
paired with any other Trimble survey grade receivers for this purpose.
The following items are important conditions for this application:
At least one other receiver must be logging data
simultaneously and at the same epoch rate to be able to
compute baselines.
For every baseline desired, each receiver on the points
defining the desired baseline must be tracking at least four
satellites in common.
Each receiver must be a survey-grade receiver, capable of
logging both C/A code and at least L1 carrier phase
observables.
The 4700 receiver is a dual-frequency receiverto achieve
dual-frequency baseline results, the receiver must be used
with another dual-frequency receiver.
Static and FastStatic are two types of postprocessed surveys.

1.7.1 Static Surveying

Static surveying is the most precise GPS surveying technique, but
requires long occupation times at each station. Like all GPS surveys,
the Static survey requires the use of at least two receivers: one
receiver at each point defining the baseline, and each receiver must be
logging observations simultaneously from at least four common
satellites. Static surveying requires that observations be logged for an
extended period of time, usually about 45 to 60 minutes.

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GPS Surveying Concepts 1

Although Static surveying requires more time than other techniques,
it is also more forgiving. A large amount of data is collected during
this 45-60 minute period, and this allows the processing software to
resolve more problems in the data set than might otherwise be
resolved in shorter observation periods. Furthermore, the
incorporation of the additional data typically leads to greater
precision in the baseline solution.
The information associated with a Static occupation is stored in a
separate, unique data file. There is only one occupation per file. If for
any reason the receiver is turned off in the middle of an occupation, a
second file can be opened and the survey can continue. In this case,
there is more than one file per occupation, but still only one
occupation per file. The GPSurvey software (the baseline processing
software) offers an option to concatenate (combine) these files when
downloading.
Static surveys can be performed with either single-frequency or dual-
frequency receivers. The 4700 receiver is a dual-frequency receiver.
The occupation time required for a Static survey depends on many
factors. Trimble recommends an occupation time of at least 45
minutes when five or more satellites are available, or 60 minutes
during times when only four satellites are available. The GPSurvey
software allows two planning modes: Plan and Quick Plan. Either of
these almost identical utilities can help you determine satellite
availability at a specified site and time.
Static surveying techniques are generally used for projects where the
highest precision is required. At least two receivers are required, but
multiple receivers can increase productivity. The sequence of
observations should be dictated by the network design.

F Tip Remember an important rule of surveying with GPS: only

common data between receivers can be processed, therefore be sure
to have the receivers logging data at the same epoch rate, at the
same time of day, and observing the same satellites.

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1 GPS Surveying Concepts

1.7.2 FastStatic Surveying

FastStatic surveying is a data collection technique similar to Static
surveying. It requires simultaneous observations of four or more
satellites for a period of 8 or more minutes and yields baseline
components with a precision of 5 mm+ 1ppm (using standard
survey techniques).

FastStatic versus Static

FastStatic surveying requires at least two receivers logging common
data from two different locations. The length of time the receivers log
data depends on the number of satellites being tracked, the geometry
of the satellites being tracked (PDOP), and the quality of the data
being logged.
Items affecting the quality of data are cycle slips, multipath, and radio
frequency (RF) interference. Cycle slips are interruptions of data
logging on one or more satellites. Multipath is the reflection of the
satellite signal off nearby surfaces, such as the roof of a car.
In general, occupation times for FastStatic surveys on baselines
20km range from about 8 minutes when data is logged from at least
6 satellites to about 20 minutes with data from 4 satellites.
FastStatic surveying is similar to Static surveying in that data is
logged only while the receiver is stationary and occupying a point. As
the receiver moves from each point to another point in the survey, no
data is logged, as the 4700 receiver is turned off during this period.
The manner in which the data is treated by the baseline processor is
also similar.
FastStatic surveying differs from Static surveying in the fact that less
data is collected. The occupation time is shorter, resulting in fewer
measurements for the baseline processor to use. Therefore, the
expected baseline precision is not quite as high for FastStatic as it is
for Static.

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GPS Surveying Concepts 1

FastStatic using a TSC1 Handheld Controller
A less important distinction between FastStatic and Static is the
potential for logging more than one occupation within a single data
file. The 4700 receiver requires the use of a TSC1 handheld controller
to perform a FastStatic survey with multiple occupations in a single
data file. In this application, the data file remains open while the
receiver moves between occupations, but no data is logged. The
advantage in this case is efficiency in the field. When not using a
TSC1 controller each of the FastStatic occupations are logged in the
4700 receiver as individual, unique data files with one occupation per
file.
Refer to the Survey Controller Operation Manual and Survey
Controller Field Guide for more information on TSC1 controller
operation.

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FastStatic versus Kinematic

FastStatic surveying also shares similarities with kinematic surveying.
Because FastStatic procedures are highly productive, they are often
used with the same type of network design as in kinematic surveys.
This design calls for at least one base receiver, which logs data
constantly throughout the survey, and one or more roving receivers,
which move from point to point, logging data at each stationary
occupation. The result is a radial survey from each base receiver.
There is no requirement to restrict FastStatic techniques to a radial
survey, however, and when performing a control survey, redundancy
and cross-ties are highly recommended. The application of a
particular data collection technique to a particular network design is a
decision left to the individual surveyor.
When logging data in a FastStatic survey, it is very important to
obtain the best data possible. Because the occupation times are
relatively short, the PDOP should be low and conditions for multipath
minimized. It is also very important to log data that is free of cycle
slips, therefore obstructions to the sky at each station should be
minimized. If obstructions exist at stations, use the Plan or Quick Plan
module to help account for the obstructions and optimize field
observation time.
When planning to set up one receiver as a base receiver for a
significant portion of a survey, be sure to select a site that has a clear a
view of the sky. With the roving receiver, track the required number of
satellites continuously for at least the minimum time specified. Refer
to the display on the TSC1 controller to determine when sufficient
data has been collected.

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1.8 Sample Field Survey - Postprocessed

In this sample field survey, monuments have been recovered at all
four corners of the parcel, and measurements between these
monuments are required. FastStatic techniques are used to measure
the baselines between monuments and across the diagonal of the
parcel.
In this example, three 4700 receivers are used to perform the field
work.

1.8.1 FastStatic Data Collection

In Figur e1-3, receiver A is the base at point 1, while receivers B and
C measure at points 2 and 4. Receivers B and C then move to points 5
and 6.

Figure 1-3 Control Network

* Note Only two baselines from each session are drawn in Figure 1-
3. This is based on the formula that states only n -1 baselines per
observation session are statistically valid. Where n = the number of
GPS receivers in the session. See the GPSurvey software
documentation for more details on this requirement.

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1 GPS Surveying Concepts

This data collection is graphically displayed in Fi gure1-4, where the

solid lines indicate: when each (pair of) receiver(s) is on, stationary
and collecting data.

Figure 1-4 Base at 1, FastStatic Data Logging Session

In Figur e1-5, receiver A moves to point 3 and receiver B and C

remeasure at points 5 and 6. Once complete, receiver B and C move to
remeasure at points 2 and 4. At this point, the FastStatic control
survey is complete.

Figure 1-5 Base at 3, FastStatic Data Logging Session

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GPS Surveying Concepts 1

The observation periods of overlapping times are called sessions, and
in Figur e1-3, measured baselines from a single session are shown in
the same line type. That is, the first session, in which lines 1-4 and
1-2 were measured, is shown with solid lines. Similarly, the second
session, in which lines 2-3 and 3-4 were measured, is plotted with
phantom (dash/dot) lines.
At the end of the survey, the receivers are taken back to the office,
where all of the data files are downloaded into a GPSurvey project
database. Static, FastStatic, as well as postprocessed kinematic data
can all be processed simultaneously in GPSurveysWAVE baseline
processor. After the baselines have been processed, a network
adjustment is performed to produce final coordinates in the preferred
local coordinate system.

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2 General Operation
This chapter describes the general operation and functionality of the
4700 receiver, and includes the following topics:
the front panel LEDs
port configuration
associated hardware (antennas, radios, batteries)
power management
data management
Use the information in this chapter to learn about how the receiver
functions and how it interacts with the associated hardware. Refer to
successive chapters for more information about GPS field surveying
techniques.

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2.1 The 4700 Receiver

The 4700 receiver, shown in Figu re2-1, is designed for GPS
surveying and mapping applications. The receiver features 1-button
operation for ease-of-use and 5 LEDs to monitor the survey in
progress and the available battery capacity

Figure 2-1 4700 Receiver

The 4700 receiver tracks GPS satellites on both the L1 and L2

frequencies to provide precise position data for land survey
applications. The receiver records GPS data in its internal memory
and makes all raw and computed data available through bi-directional
RS-232 ports.

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2 General Operation

2.2 Applications
The 4700 receiver is designed to excel in surveying applications. It
can perform postprocessed GPS surveys such as Static, FastStatic,
and Kinematic surveys. Survey data is logged internally for later
downloading to a computer
Trimbles GPSurvey software program postprocesses logged data for
various types of applications.
The Trimble 4700 receiver is also designed to provide centimeter
level positioning for real time kinematic (RTK) surveys. The receiver
is a low latency, fast update GPS engine that drives a real time
kinematic package and is typically combined with the following
components:
Trimble handheld data collector (TSC1) with Survey
Controller firmware
Trimble GPS antenna (Micro-centered antenna is
recommended)
a radio solution (refer to Radio Link Options, page2-1 2 )
Trimble backpack with related cables
The 4700 receiver features on-the-fly initialization for RTK surveys.
It includes Trimbles Super-trak technology with multibit signal
processing, which provides superior satellite tracking in the presence
of radio frequency (RF) interference. The 4700 receiver provides
submeter accuracy positions before initialization and rapid reliable
initialization to centimeter accuracy.
The 4700 receiver uses a Trimble handheld data collector as an
interface. A data collector is not required to log data to the 4700
receiver. Some receiver operations can also be controlled by using the
optional Microsoft Windows based Remote Controller or C-toolbox
software. The 4700 receiver can be configured as an autonomous
reference station (base receiver) or roving unit.

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2.3 Indicator LEDs

The operating controls on the 4700 receiver are the power ON/OFF
button and five LEDs, as shown in F igure2-2.

Satellite Tracking LED (red)

Data Logging/Memory LED (yellow)

CMR data packets being transferred/received (green)

2
3 Power LED (yellow/green bicolor)

On/Off button

Figure 2-2 4700 Control Panel

During typical operation, solid- or slow-blinking LEDs indicate

normal operation. Fast-blinking LEDs indicate warning of a condition
that may have a negative effect on the survey and may require
operator attention. LEDs that are off indicate that no operation is
occurring.

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2 General Operation

During normal operation, the 4700 receiver transitions through three

stages:
1. Power Up and Initialization
The initial sequence is as follows:
a. SV Tracking, Datalogging, and Radio LEDs light up
b. All five LEDs light up (Battery LEDs are green)
c. All LEDs turn off
d. LEDs operate as appropriate.
The red satellite tracking LED starts blinking fast while the
receiver locks onto the first 3 satellites. As soon as it locks
onto 4 or more satellites, the red tracking LED begins to blink
slowly. When this happens, a data file is opened and the
yellow data logging LED turns on solid.
2. Data Logging/Memory
When the 4700 receiver is logging data normally, the red SV
tracking LED blinks slowly and the yellow data logging LED
is on solid. During this period data is stored, the receiver is
tracking satellites, and the internal processor is timing how
long it needs to log data for a FastStatic survey.

* Note The FastStatic session timer starts counting when the receiver
begins tracking 4 or more satellites and a session file is opened. If, at
any time during the tracking session, the receiver loses lock on the
fourth satellite and is only tracking 3 or fewer satellites, the session
timer resets to zero. When the receiver again locks onto 4 or more
satellites, the session timer restarts. During this session only one
data file is kept open.

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3. When the 4700 receiver determines that enough data has been
logged for the FastStatic survey, the yellow data LED blinks
slowly. See Section 4 .4.5, Minimum Observation Times for
details. At this time it is safe to turn the receiver off if the
baseline being measured is within the FastStatic limits. If the
receiver is left on, it continues to log data, provided adequate
memory and power are available.
Table 2-1 lists the five indicator LEDs and describes the functions of
each LED.

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2 General Operation

Table 2-1 4700 Indicator LED Data and Power Functions

LED Satellite Data Logging/ Radio Power 2 or 3

Function Tracking Memory
Green: Active
Color Red Yellow
Green Yellow: Standby
OFF Unit not Unit not logging No radio/ Battery dead
tracking data, the survey CMR
or no battery
satellites. has not started or packets.
plugged in to port.
memory is full &
additional data
cannot be
logged.
ON N/A Unit logging data N/A Available battery
normally, blinks capacity is between
at epoch rate 100% 5%

Slow Blink Unit Unit has logged LED N/A

tracking 4 sufficient data in blinks
or more this session for a each
satellites. FastStatic survey, time a
however, data CMR
continues to be packet is
logged. received.
Fast Blink Unit Unit logging data, LED Available battery
tracking 3 but low memory blinks capacity is between
or fewer condition exists. each
5% 0%
satellites. There should be time a
sufficient CMR
memory to packet is
complete session received.
in progress.

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2.4 Port Configuration

Figur e2-3 shows the three serial ports as well as the radio and GPS
antenna connections on the back of the 4700 receiver.

Figure 2-3 4700 Rear Panel Ports

There are three serial ports:

Port 1 is typically connected to the TSC1 controller and
provides:
Serial communications
Power out to the TSC1
Flow control
Port 2 is typically connected to an external power source or to
a computer, but can be used for the event marker and 1 PPS
output. Port 2 provides:
Serial communications
Power in
1 PPS output
Event marker in

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2 General Operation

* Note Port 2 is the only port that can access the internal radio
modem when configuring receiver communications using the
computer and radio configuration software (CommSet).

Port 3 is used to connect to an external radio or for a

secondary power input.
Baud rates on ports 1 & 3 range from 2400 to 38400, and port 2 up to
57600. The icons below each port, as shown in Figure2- 4, can be
used to identify the ports and the application typically associated with
each port.

Figure 2-4 Serial Ports and Icons

* Note The 4700 receiver uses multipin connectors known nominally

as 0-shell Lemo connectors. The 0 designation refers to the size of
the connector. Because the 0-shell Lemo connector is the smallest in
the series, it is also referred to as a small (or mini-) shell Lemo
connector. The terms 0-shell and small-shell are interchangeable.

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General Operation 2
A 4700 receiver can be powered externally through the Port 2 and
Port 3 connectors. See Figure 2-5 and Tabl e2-2.

7
6
1

4
3

Figure 2-5 7-Pin Small Shell Lemo Receiver Ports

Table 2-2 4700 Port Pinouts

Pin Port 1 (TSC1 Port 2 (Power in, Port 3 (External

controller, Optional Computer, PPS, radio, Power in)
radio or Computer) Event)
Pinout Function Pinout Function Pinout Function
1 Signal GND Signal GN Signal GND
2 GND GND GND
3 TX data out (TXD1) TX data out (TXD2) TX data out (TXD3)
4 RTS1 1PPS RTS3
5 CTS1 Event Marker CTS3
6 Power Out (+) Power In (+) Power In/Out (+)
7 Serial data in (RXD1) Serial data in (RXD2) Serial data in (RXD3)

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2 General Operation

2.5 GPS Antennas

The 4700 receiver is bundled in a number of different configurations,
most of which include antennas for tracking the GPS satellites. This
section describes the recommended antenna and one of the antenna
cable options compatible with the receiver.

2.5.1 Micro-centered Antenna

The micro-centered antenna's very accurate phase center variation
results in improved precision, compared to conventional GPS
antennas, and is the recommended antenna for dual frequenc
surveys. It is part of the standard configuration for the 4700 receiver
bundles.

* Note The "N" (for north) alignment designator is not printed on the
micro-centered antenna body. It is unnecessary to align these
antennas to north.

Refer to Append ixA, Typical Configurations for more information on

the micro-centered antenna as well as other Trimble GPS antenna
options.

2.5.2 Antenna Cable

The 10-meter low-loss antenna cable is the default cable for static and
Fast-Static field operations. This is the cable which connects the
antenna to the receiver. The cable terminates with Type-N and Lemo
connectors.
Refer to Append ixA, Typical Configurations for more Trimble GPS
antenna cable options.

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2.6 Radio Link Options

Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) surveys rely on a radio link to transmit
data from the base receiver to the rover. A single base receiver can
support unlimited rovers within the transmission area. The following
radio options are available to support the 4700 receiver in an RTK
survey:
TRIMMARK II
TRIMTALK 450S
Internal receive-only radio
TRIMTALK 900S
TrimComm 900
Third-party radio
The optional internal receive only UHF radio in the 4700 receiver is
directly compatible with TRIMMARK II and TRIMTALK 450S base
transceivers.
Power Management
The following sections describe power use and requirements for the
4700 receiver.

2.6.1 Power In
A 4700 receiver requires a DC power supply. The receiver turns itself
off if the voltage drops below 10.5 VDC. The power source must be
regulated to eliminate voltage spikes or voids. It must be filtered to
within the 10.5-24 VDC operating range; power from an unfiltered
automobile battery charger is not acceptable. The 4700 receiver
powers itself on if more than 15 VDC are supplied through either Port
2 or Port 3. This function supports permanent base station operations.

I Caution Do not connect external power to port 1.

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2 General Operation

2.6.2 Power Out

When any external power source is connected to port 2, power is
routed to port 1 for powering the TSC1 controller and to port 3 for
powering an external TRIMTALK 450S, 450 or 900 RTK radio.
Typically power out on Port 3 is not enable until the survey is started
using the TSC1 controller.

* Note When using a secondary battery on Port 3, be sure to connect

the battery before powering on the 4700 (or connecting the TSC1,
which automatically powers on the 4700). This enables Port 3 to be
registered as a power-in port, and disables the Port 3 power-out
function.
If it is necessary to connect a secondary battery to Port 3 after the
4700 has been powered on (for example, to increase the availability of
a base station), Port 3 is not registered as a power-in port and the
power LED does not light. In this case, if the secondary battery is
charged, the 4700 switches to the Port 3 battery when the Port 2
battery is discharged.

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2.6.3 External Power Sources

The 4700 receiver requires an external power source. The methods of
supplying power to the 4700 through the use of the following options
are described below:
Office Support Module IV (OSM IV)
Battery Module
Camcorder batteries
External battery pack (for example, a 6Ah battery)
The 4700 receiver can accept input power through the Port 2&3
connectors. The receiver requires a 1-ampere, 11 to 24 VDC power
supply. When the battery voltage drops below 10.5 VDC, the receiver
switches to a different power source voltage if an alternative source is
connected to the receivers power port. If an alternative power source
is not connected to the receivers power port, the receiver turns itself
off.
The 4700 receiver can supply 0.5 ampere at 12 VDC through Ports 1
& 3. This power output can operate a low-power remote device such
as a survey controller or a receive-only radio modem.
The power sources most often used with the 4700 receiver are the
OSM IV, the 6 ampere-hour external battery (included with the base
units) and camcorder batteries (included with the rover units).

I Caution The receiver's DC power inputs have no user-serviceable

fuses. Any DC power supply used to power it must be protected by a
3 to 5-ampere load fuse. Although internal protection is provided,
failure to observe this precaution may damage the receiver and void
its warranty.

Refer to Append ixA, Typical Configurations for more details on

external power options.

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2 General Operation

Restarting the Survey After Power-Down

When the 4700 receiver is powered on, and auto data logging starts,
the survey parameters (elevation mask, epoch interval, and so on) are
set to the default values. However, if one of the following conditions
occurs during the survey:
a power failure
an automatic power-down due to low battery
the surveyor powers down before changing the battery after
the low battery warning (flashing LED) has occurred
then the survey parameters are maintained, and the current data file is
closed and saved, from the previous session when the receiver
automatically restarts after power-up.
For example, the 4700 receiver is powered up and started with the
TSC1 controller, and the epoch interval is changed to 5 seconds (for
example, a postprocessed kinematic survey). If the power supply to
the 4700 receiver is disconnected during the survey, such as by
pulling the battery cable from port #2 (power failure) and the receiver
is restarted, it maintains the previously set 5-second epoch interval.
The same happens during an automatic power-down due to a lo
battery or a power-down before changing the battery after the low
battery warning (fast-blinking yellow LED) has occurred.
However, if the 4700 receiver is manually powered down (with the
power key) before the low power warning, and then restarted, it sets
default parameters and resets the epoch interval to 15 seconds.
To summarize, if the 4700 receiver is powered off normally, the
settings are returned to the defaults; if an abnormal power-off
condition occurs, the current settings are retained.

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2.6.4 Charging the Batteries

The 6Ah, 10Ah and camcorder batteries used with the 4700 receiver
can be charged using the OSM IV charger unit (charger P/N 20669-
80, AC adapter cord P/N 11017). See Figure 2-6.

Figure 2-6 OSM IV Charger, with 6Ah and Camcorder

Batteries

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2 General Operation

2.7 Data Management

The 4700 receiver automatically assigns a filename and creates a
tracking session file when the receiver begins tracking four or more
satellites after start-up. Each filename identifies the specific receiver
by serial number, lists the GPS date, and file sequence number as
follows: AAAABBBC
Where:
AAAA = the last four digits of the receiver serial number
BBB = GPS date code (Julian day,
where: Jan 1 = 001, Dec 31 = 365)
C = session sequence number (0 - 9, A - Z)
This numbering scheme allows up to 42 session files to be uniquely
numbered. The 4700 receiver stops recording data when the internal
memory is full or if 42 sessions have been recorded. The yellow data
logging LED blinks fast when the receiver internal data memory is
almost full or has become full.

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2.7.1 Data Download

The 4700 receiver keeps satellite measurements and other data in files
stored in its internal memory. These files cannot be processed until
transferred or downloaded to the local computer
On returning to the office after completing a survey, download the
field data to a computer that has the latest version (version 2.30a or
later) of the GPSurvey software installed. The GPSurvey software
provides the tools for processing survey data to produce baselines and
coordinates.
Use the data cable to connect the 4700 receiver to the computer as
shown in Figure 2 -7.

Provides Power
and I/O

To P2

AC Power
4700 Receiver

OSM IV

To PC

Figure 2-7 Standard Configuration for Data Download

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2 General Operation

Download the data files to the computer using the GPLoad module in
the GPSurvey software. GPLoad allows downloading all of the files
or selected files only. For more information about the download
process, see the GPLoad Software Users Guide.
When downloading is complete, the GPSurvey software
automatically begins checking in the downloaded files and places the
data (including point information) in the current project database. If
the TSC1 controller was used for data entry in the field, any data-
entry errors that may have occurred in the field can be corrected
during the data check-in process. Refer to Sect ion5.3, Check In and
Verify the Field Information.

Backing Up Data
Always make a backup copy of the data files after downloading them
from the receiver. Trimble recommends using GPSurveys Backup
utility for project compression and archival.
See the GPSurvey Software User's Guide for additional information
on using the backup and restore options in the GPSurvey software.

Deleting Files
Files stored in the 4700 receiver can be deleted in the following ways:
1. Use the GPLoad module in the GPSurvey software (version
2.3a or above).

* Note The [Link] file within GPSurvey software version 2.30a

and TS01.1 must be updated. A [Link] diskette, P/N, is included
in your 4700 software package.

2. Use the TSC1 controller.

3. Press the green power key continuously for 60 seconds, after
the receiver has been powered on. When using this method,
all data is deleted.

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M Warning Clearing the file system, a 60-second key press deletes all
data files in the 4700 receiver, including files that may not have been
downloaded. This is not the recommended method of deleting files.

2.7.2 Clearing RAM and File System

If the power key is held down continuously at power-up, the following
sequence occurs:
1. After 15 seconds the GPS red LED turns on and a RAM clear
(SV almanacs and ephemerides are cleared; all control
parameters reset to default) is triggered to occur when the
receiver next powers up.
2. After 60 seconds any survey data collecting in progress is
terminated, the file system is fully initialized and all files are
deleted. The receiver then powers down.
At any time between 15 and 60 seconds, while the LED is on, the
power key can be released. This powers down the receiver, leaving the
file system unchanged.

2.8 Software and Firmware Version Requirements

The following items are the minimum software and firmware
requirements for using and processing data from the 4700 receiver:
Survey Controller version 6.50
GPSurvey 2.30a
Trimble Survey Office 1.1
(for RTK and/or postprocessed kinematic data)

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2 General Operation

2.9 Operating Parameters

Table 2-3 lists the default operating parameters set up in the 4700
receiver.
Table 2-3 System Defaults

Communications
Port 1: Baud Rate 9600
Format 8 data bits, parity none, 1 stop bit
Port 2: Baud Rate 9600
Format 8 data bits, parity none, 1 stop bit
Port 3: Baud Rate 9600
Format 8 data bits, parity none, 1 stop bit
Masks
Elevation Mask All types of surveys: 15
PDOP Mask 7.0
Data Logging
Minimum SVs 4
Measurement Storage Rate All types of surveys: 15-second
intervals
Position Storage Rate 5-minute interval
Auto-Survey Mode is Enabled

Ports 1 and 3 always default to the above settings at power-up, but

will adjust to the optimal settings after the connection is made.
Port 2 retains whatever settings have been changed.

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2.10 Internal Radio (Optional)

An internal UHF radio modem (receive only) is an available option
for the 4700 receiver. This radio is compatible with the radios used
with the 4800 receivers. If an external radio is plugged into the 4700
receiver, the internal radio does not automatically shut off. To use the
external radio it must be selected manually using the TSC1 controller.
The available internal radio modems cover the frequencies between
410MHz and 470MHz, with 12.5kHz and 25kHz channel spacing.

2.11 Use and Care

The 4700 receiver is designed to tolerate the sort of rough treatment
that equipment may suffer in the field. Nevertheless, it is a high-
precision electronic instrument and should be treated with reasonable
care.
The 4700 receiver operates in temperatures from -40 to +65 Celsius
(-40F to +149F).
The receiver is designed and has been tested to withstand an
accidental drop of 1 meter on a hard surface. A drop of this magnitude
could scratch the external casing. This will not affect the GPS
performance of the receiver. The enclosure is sealed.
High-power signals from a nearby radio or radar transmitter can
overwhelm the unit's receiver circuits. This does not harm the
receiver, but can prevent it from functioning. To avoid problems, try
not to use the 4700 receiver within 400 meters of powerful radar,
television, or other transmitters. Low-power transmitters such as the
ones in portable phones and walkie-talkies, and transmission lines
normally do not interfere with receiver operations.

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2 General Operation

2.12 COCOM Limits

The U.S. Department of Commerce requires that all exportable GPS
products contain performance limitations so that they cannot be used
in a manner that could threaten the security of the United States. The
following limitations are implemented on the 4700 receiver.
Immediate access to satellite measurements and navigation results is
disabled when the receiver's velocity is computed to be greater than
1000 knots, or its altitude is computed to be above 18,000 meters. The
receiver continuously resets until the COCOM situation is cleared.

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General Operation 2

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3 Pre-Survey Planning
This chapter outlines the steps necessary to plan a GPS survey
project. The procedures are suggestions that are generally applicable
to most situations, but can be modified to fit a particular project.
The following tasks are associated with planning a GPS survey:
preparation
site reconnaissance
network design
checking satellite visibility
survey planning--scheduling observation times.

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Pre-Survey Planning 3

3.1 Preparation
Efficient use of GPS surveying requires an understanding of
fundamental surveying principles as well as familiarity with the
hardware, software, and field procedures associated with GPS. The
functionality of the hardware determines whether to use control
survey procedures, such as FastStatic and static, or kinematic survey
procedures to observe baselines in the field. Thorough knowledge of
the field procedures facilitates the execution of GPS surveys in the
most productive manner, while ensuring high-precision baseline
measurements.
Prepare a written plan for the project at hand describing the purpose,
scope of work, and the expected data-collection methods as well as
the anticipated uses for the final output. By collecting data on a fe
additional points, the network geometry may actually be strengthened
considerably. Also, collecting more data than is needed can yield
valuable information for future use. For example, it may be possible
to salvage a survey in the office in the (unlikely?!) event that gross
errors occurred while observing one or more baselines. Determine if
observations on additional points are feasible for the current project.

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3 Pre-Survey Planning

3.2 Site Reconnaissance

Site reconnaissance is an indispensable part of field survey planning.
It enables the surveyor to:
set or recover survey points to be located during the surve
note the presence of obstructions that can affect observation
scheduling or require relocation of survey points
obtain permission to enter the job site from private property
owners
determine the best way to reach each survey station, in any
type of weather and at any time of the day or night
draw maps and write directions so that the survey crew can
reach the job site and find the points to be observed
estimate travel time between stations.

3.3 Network Design

A good network design is needed for a successful control survey
campaign. Even in cases where GPS is used for topographic purposes,
control points are required to tie the project to a common reference
frame. Extra control points also act as reinitialization points if
postprocessed or real-time kinematic procedures are to be used.
When designing the survey network, make a map of the stations,
including both fixed-control and unknown points to be observed.
Scale the map correctly, as distance between points is an important
factor. Also, create an observation schedule that considers both the
observation time for each station and the travel time between the
stations.

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Pre-Survey Planning 3

3.4 Survey Planning

* Note Before you can use the GPSurvey software, you must install it
and perform the product activation procedure. See the GPSurvey
Software Users Guide for instructions.

The first step, when using GPSurvey to facilitate project planning and
management, is to create a project in the GPSurvey software. This
action automatically creates the subdirectories required for all further
operations associated with the project and initializes a new project
database.

3.4.1 Project Management

The project management portion of the GPSurvey processing
environment contains the facilities for the day-to-day management of
projects. Use the project management options to perform the
following:
create a new project
open existing projects
modify project parameters
close a project
delete a project
review project status
back up, restore, and check the project database
For more specific information concerning the project management
module of GPSurvey, see the GPSurvey Software User's Guide.

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3 Pre-Survey Planning

3.4.2 Check Satellite Availability

The GPSurvey software Quick Plan / Plan module provides the
environment for planning the field observation portion of the project.
Either of these modules allows the person planning the project to:
create field observation sessions and define all of the stations
to be observed
enter information from the obstruction diagrams that were
drafted during the visit to each survey station
compute the required field observation times based on the SV
and local conditions
Use the Plan module to save obstruction and session information to
the project database. The Plan module can generate several types of
graphs and reports to help plan field observations. These include
displays of satellite azimuth over time, satellite elevation over time,
satellite constellation changes, and skyplot. A skyplot shows satellite
tracks as seen from a station. The skyplot includes outlines of any
curtains defined to describe obstructions.
For more detailed information about the capabilities of GPSurvey's
planning software, and the functional differences between Quick Plan
and Plan, refer to the Quick Plan / Plan Software Users Guide .

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4 In the Field - Control

Surveying
This chapter contains a summary of the steps involved in carrying out
a GPS survey project using control surveying methods. Refer to the
GPSurvey software documentation and other Trimble publications to
review specific control survey techniques.
Understanding field data collection procedures is critical to
performing successful GPS surveys. Knowing how to use the receiver
effectively when gathering the field data will enable the surveyor to
produce baselines with the highest precision possible.
The topics covered in this chapter:
Control surveying description
FastStatic survey procedures
Static survey procedures
Making an observation (data collection)

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In the Field - Control Surveying 4

4.1 Postprocessed Surveys

The 4700 receiver can be used in static, FastStatic, or postprocessed
kinematic surveys. You can use the 4700 receiver with any other
Trimble survey grade receivers for this purpose. Several important
conditions must exist for this application:
At least one other receiver must log data at the same epoch
rate and at the same time to compute baselines.
For every baseline desired, each receiver on the points
defining the desired baseline must be tracking at least four
satellites in common.
Any other receiver in the survey must be a survey grade
receiver, capable of logging both C/A code and at least L1
carrier phase observables.
The 4700 receiver is a dual frequency receiverto achieve
dual frequency baseline results, the receiver must be used
with another dual frequency receiver.

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4 In the Field - Control Surveying

4.2 Control Surveying Description

The purpose of a control survey is to produce coordinates on selected
survey points at a specified level of precision. This level of precision
is set high enough that propagated error in subsequent surveys will
continue to be within the tolerances or requirements of the overall
project standards. To get this high level of precision, GPS control
surveys use procedures that are more time-consuming than other GPS
surveys.
The two types of data collection techniques suggested for control
surveys are Static surveying and FastStatic surveying. Each of these
procedures requires that at least two receivers log simultaneous
observations of four or more common satellites for a specified
minimum time. Using the known control information and the
baselines computed from the GPS field observations, the GPSurvey
postprocessing software can derive coordinates throughout the
network.

* Note Always adjust the processed field data. The direct results of
GPS postprocessing are GPS baselines and unadjusted
coordinatesinsufficient for standard survey procedures. Use the
GPSurvey network adjustment option, TRIMNET Plus to complete
this step.

4.2.1 Static Surveying

Static surveying is the most precise surveying procedure, and the
slowest. It requires observations of at least four common satellites for
a period of 45 to 60 minutes. It yields baselines that are precise to
5 mm + 1 ppm times baseline length, assuming common data has
been logged from five satellites by each receiver at each end of the
baseline. Precise ephemeris and meteorological data may be
necessary to achieve this high accuracy, depending on conditions at
the time of observation. Two 4700 receivers working in tandem
produce dual-frequency results.

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In the Field - Control Surveying 4

4.2.2 FastStatic Surveying

FastStatic requires simultaneous observations of four or more
satellites for a period of 8 to 2 0minutes. It yields baseline
components with precision that approaches Static results, depending
on the number of common SVs, SV geometry, and ionospheric
conditions. FastStatic precision is a function of occupation time and
observation conditions. FastStatic surveying is normally limited to
operations with baselines of approximatel y 20km or less, and is more
sensitive to cycle slips and high PDOP (reflecting poor satellite
geometry) than static surveying.

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4 In the Field - Control Surveying

4.3 Measuring Antenna Height

Accurate height measurements are essential for meaningful survey
results. Mistakes in height measurement are the most common source
of error in GPS surveying.
The height measurement can be the true vertical height of the antenna
on a tripod, or the slope height acquired using a measuring rod to find
the distance from the outer edge of the antenna to the survey mark.
The GPSurvey software used in processing the data files accepts
either of these two measurements to calculate the survey mark
position precisely.
For additional height measurement methods refer to the GPSurvey
and Survey Controller manuals.

* Note Pay close attention to procedures for measuring antenna

height. Accurate height measurements are essential for meaningful
survey results. Mistakes in height measurement are the most
common source of error in GPS surveying. Make sure to record the
antenna height measurements correctly in a field log, as well as the
base station or survey mark name, the receiver serial number, and
the time. Fixed-height tripods are recommended to reduce the
possibility of blunders caused by incorrect height measurement.

To measure the GPS antenna height when using a conventional tripod:

See Figure 4-1.
1. Assemble the 4-piece measuring rod (P/N 16162).
2. Place the pointed tip of the measuring rod on the survey
mark.
3. Fit the top of the rod in one of the grooves in (either the
antenna or) the ground plane.
4. Read the preferred unit (metric or US Survey foot) marking
where the rod meets the underside edge of the (antenna or)
groundplane.

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In the Field - Control Surveying 4

Figure 4-1 Measuring the Antenna Height Using a

Measuring Rod and Conventional Tripod

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4 In the Field - Control Surveying

4.3.1 Fixed-Height Tripod

A fixed-height tripod has a fixed-height rod along the vertical axis to
simplify the height measurement process. To set up a fixed-height
tripod, place the tip of the rod on the mark and release the tripod's
legs, which automatically extend to the ground. Then adjust the tripod
until the rod's built-in level bubble is centered in the visible ring, and
then lock the legs in place.
Since the fixed-height tripod does not require direct measurement of
antenna height, the likelihood for making a blunder during height
measurement is greatly reduced. For this reason, the fixed-height
tripod is preferred for control surveys.

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4.4 FastStatic Surveying Methods

FastStatic surveying is identical to static surveying except that the
duration of occupation for each point is shorter. FastStatic surveying
requires simultaneous observations of four or more common
satellites. Data collection time is typically 8 t o 20minutes, depending
on atmospheric conditions and the number of satellites available.
FastStatic surveying yields baseline components with precision that
approaches Static, depending on the number of common SVs, SV
geometry, ionospheric conditions, and so on. The FastStatic precision
is a function of occupation time and observation conditions. Baseline
length is assumed to be 20 km or less. The procedure is more sensitive
to cycleslips and high PDOP than static surveying.

4.4.1 Required Equipment and Software

A FastStatic survey requires at least two 4700 receivers. A list of the
items required in a typical setup is located in Appendi xA, Typical
Configurations. FastStatic survey results are postprocessed with the
GPSurvey software.

4.4.2 Setting Up the Equipment and Running the Survey

The typical setup when using a 4700 receiver is shown in Figure 4-2.
This section describes the method for setting up the receiver and
running the survey.

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4 In the Field - Control Surveying

Figure 4-2 Typical Setup Using A 4700 Receiver, For

Static and FastStatic Applications

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In the Field - Control Surveying 4

* Note A tripod with a fixed height vertical axis is the recommended

type of support for GPS antennas used in control surveys, and for all
types of GPS antennas at temporary base stations.

The procedure described in Making an Observation, pa ge4-13

outlines the steps to position the antenna over the survey mark and to
measure its height accurately using a tribrach and optical plummet as
it requires more care by the surveyor.
For uninterrupted data collection, be sure to have a clear line of sight
between the antenna and the satellites tracked during the survey. See
Figur e4-3.

Figure 4-3 Locating the Antenna with a Clear View of

the Sky

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4 In the Field - Control Surveying

4.4.3 Using the 4700 Receiver with a Rangepole

The setup shown in Figure 4-4 is a typical configuration for 4700
rovers in operations with moderate precision requirements and short
to moderate observation times (for example, kinematic surveys and
some FastStatic surveys). A bipod attachment is available and
suggested when performing FastStatic surveys with a rangepole.

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In the Field - Control Surveying 4

.

Figure 4-4 Using a Rangepole With the 4700 Receiver

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4 In the Field - Control Surveying

4.4.4 Making an Observation

The main task associated with performing a GPS survey is the
collection of the field data, also known as baseline observation.
Field techniques can vary, depending on the required precision of the
project, topographic features and obstructions, accessibility, and
many other items. However, there are a number of field procedures
that are common to all GPS surveys.
These procedures are suggestions and can be modified to fit the
particular project, but are generally applicable to most situations.
Refer to Figure A -1 for a picture of a typical setup.
Set up the 4700 receiver and run the FastStatic survey as described in
the following steps:
1. Set up the tripod over the survey mark. The top of the tripod
should be roughly at eye level. This makes it easier to adjust,
and also reduces the risk of signal multipath from nearby
objects.
2. Screw the tribrach adapter into the antenna. Seat the adapter
on the tribrach and clamp the assembly to the tripod.
3. Connect the 4700 receiver to a power source (for example, a
6AH battery) and to the antenna.
4. Position and level the tripod precisely over the survey mark.
5. Measure the antenna height. Refer to Measuring Antenna
Height, pag e4-5 for details.
6. Record: the antenna height measurement(s), the survey mark
name, the receiver serial number, and the start of the session
time in a field log. If the true vertical height of the antenna
(for example when using a fixed-height tripod instead of a
conventional tripod) is known, record that in the field log. If
using a TSC1 controller, this data is typed in before the
beginning of the observation and is stored electronically
within the data file.

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In the Field - Control Surveying 4

* Note The hardware and setup procedures for base stations and
rovers are the same.

7. Repeat steps 1 through 6 to set up one or more base stations

(also called reference units) at reference marks whose WGS-
84 or NAD-83 coordinates are known with sufficient
accuracy for the purposes of the current project.

F Tip When measuring the antenna heights at the start of the

session, read the metric units, and at the end of the session read the
U.S. Survey feet units on the rod. Convert the US Survey units to
metric and compare. This helps catch measurement blunders.

8. Repeat steps 1 through 6 to set up one or more rovers (survey

receivers) at survey marks whose coordinates are to be
determined.
9. Begin the baseline observations by turning on the 4700
receivers and verifying that data is being logged.
The yellow data-logging LED should be on solid and the red
Satellite LED should blink slowly.
10. Monitor the LEDs and make sure each 4700 receiver is
tracking at least four satellites and that no major losses of
lock occur.
11. Based on the number of satellites tracked and the type of
survey performed, make sure sufficient time has elapsed
before turning off the receiver to end the session.
12. Move the receiver to the next survey mark and repeat the
previous steps to set up the 4700 receiver and begin the next
session.

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4 In the Field - Control Surveying

4.4.5 Minimum Observation Times

To complete an observation, the 4700 rover must collect data from the
required number of satellites continuously for the minimum time
specified within its internal parameter setup, shown in Table 4 -1.
Table 4-1 FastStatic Survey Point Occupation Times

Baseline Length 4 Satellites 5 Satellites 6 or more

Satellites
20 km 20 min 15 min 8 min

If observation of any of the satellites being tracked is interrupted

(anything more than a momentary interruption), the 4700 receiver
ignores that satellite and falls back to a longer observation time with a
smaller number of satellites. If the number of satellites being tracked
falls below four, the receiver restarts the timed observation period at
the beginning.
The indicator LEDs on the receiver should be monitored to determine
if the receiver is logging data properly. Refer to Indicator LEDs,
page 2-4 for information on the LED indications.

* Note The FastStatic times are for baselines of 20 km or less.

Longer baselines should be observed using the guidelines for Static
surveys. Beyond this distance ionospheric conditions can no longer
be considered the same at every station.

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In the Field - Control Surveying 4

4.5 Static Surveying Methods

Static surveying is the most precise surveying procedure a 4700
receiver can perform; however, it requires a longer occupation time at
each station. The occupation time required for a static survey depends
on many factors. Trimble recommends an occupation time of at least
45 minutes during times when five or more satellites are available, or
60 minutes during times when only four satellites are available. The
Plan or Quick Plan module can be used to determine satellite
availability at a specified site and time.

4.5.1 Equipment and Software Required

A static survey requires at least two 4700 receivers. The GPSurvey
software is recommended for postprocessing static survey results.

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4 In the Field - Control Surveying

4.5.2 Setting Up the Equipment and Running the Survey

This section follows the method for setting up the a typical receiver,
however, several additional steps are listed.

* Note A tripod with a fixed height vertical axis is the recommended

type of support for GPS antennas used in control surveys, and for all
types of GPS antennas at temporary base stations.

The following procedure outlines the steps to position the antenna

over the survey mark and to measure its height accurately using a
tribrach and optical plummet as it requires more care by the surveyor.
To facilitate uninterrupted data collection, the antenna should also
have a clear line of sight to the satellites it tracks during the survey.
Perform steps 1-12 as outlined in Making an Observation, pag e4-13,
and then continue as follows:
13. Wait for 45 to 60 minutes before turning the receiver off.
14. Move the receiver to the next survey mark and repeat the
previous steps to set up the 4700 receiver and begin the next
session.

* Note Be sure to specify in the field log whether an antenna height

measurement is slope distance or true vertical. Typically, with
standard tripods the measurement is slope distance, and with fixed-
height tripods it is true vertical or to "bottom of antenna mount."

4.5.3 Static Survey Times and Distances

Point occupation times for static surveying depends on the number of
satellites available and the length of the baseline being measured. The
recommended occupation times are between 45 and 60 minutes.

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5 Back in the Office -

Postprocessing the Field
Data
This chapter contains a summary of the steps required for
postprocessing GPS survey data. Familiarity with these steps and
knowledge of the postprocessing software aids in the planning and
reduction of baseline observations, as well as the management and
production of the final project output. The following procedures are
suggestions and can be modified to fit a particular project, but are
generally applicable to most situations.
The tasks associated with postprocessing GPS survey data are the
following:
Open a project
Download the data from the 4700 receiver
Check in data to the project database and review the field
input
Back up the downloaded data
Perform the baseline processing
Analyze the results of processing
Adjust the network and produce final coordinates

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5.1 Open a Project

Before downloading the data from the receivers, open a project in
GPSurvey. If the Plan utility within the GPSurvey software was used
to plan the project, this project already exists as it was created during
the planning stage. This is not the case if you used QuickPlan.

5.2 Download the Data

A GPS receiver keeps satellite measurements and other data in files
stored in its internal memory, or in the TSC1 controller. GPSurvey
cannot process the data until these files are transferred or downloaded
to the local computer.
Download files into the open project using GPSurveys GPLoad
utility. This program allows downloading all of the files in a receiver
or selected files only. Files previously transferred from the receiver to
a directory outside the current project, solution files from another
project, or real-time surveying files from a data collector can also be
imported at this time.
For more information about the downloading process, see the
GPLoad Software Users Guide.

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5 Back in the Office - Postprocessing the Field Data

On returning to the office from the field, connect the 4700 receiver, or
the TSC1 controller to a computer that has GPSurvey software
version 2.3 or later installed, as shown in Fig u re5-1.

Provides Power
and I/O

To P2

AC Power
4700 Receiver

OSM IV

To PC

Figure 5-1 Standard Configuration for Data Download

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Back in the Office - Postprocessing the Field Data 5

5.3 Check In and Verify the Field Information

The GPSurvey data check-in program has several parameters that
control the process of transferring data to the project database.
Criteria for defining station names and station identifiers, automatic
error detection and correction can be specified at this time as well.
During the Check-in process enter any station information recorded in
the field log that was impossible to enter into the receiver.
Before beginning any baseline processing, make sure the information
entered is correct. Incorrect station information, such as station names
or antenna heights, causes erroneous results during baseline
processing.
Use the data check-in program to edit and view any data entered, such
as antenna heights and station information. Use the field notes to
compare the actions in the field with what is present in the data set. Be
sure to verify the station names and the antenna-height entries for
each occupation in every 4700 receiver.
Be especially careful when specifying the type of antenna-height
measurement, uncorrected or true vertical. When entering a true
vertical antenna-height measurement, be aware that GPSurvey makes
no corrections to this value throughout the data reduction.
The GPSurvey software supports the use of the TSC1 data collector
with Survey Controller firmware, which is required for a kinematic
survey with the 4700 receiver. If a TSC1 controller was used in the
field, there is more information to check inand more sources of
potential errors. Check the descriptive information, such as station
names, as well as the surveying data. Checking and double-checking
at this stage can help to avoid typographical or occupational blunders
being carried into the subsequent processing phase of the data
reduction.
For more information about verifying station information, see the
GPSurvey Software Users Guide.

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5 Back in the Office - Postprocessing the Field Data

5.4 Back Up the Data

Always make a backup copy of data files after downloading. Trimble
recommends GPSurveys Backup utility for project compression and
archival.
See the GPSurvey Software User's Guide for additional information
on using the backup and restore options in the GPSurvey software.

5.5 Process the Baselines

Use the GPSurvey software module, WAVE (Weighted Ambiguity
Vector Estimator), to reduce the field observations and produce
baselines.
If the data was collected using a combination of field techniques, the
WAVE module automatically recognizes and distinguishes between
static, FastStatic, and kinematic data files.
See the WAVE Software Users Guide for complete information on
baseline processing.

5.6 View the Baseline Results

The GPSurvey software also provides the facility to view the
observed stations and processed baselines in a network map. Use
additional options to perform loop closures and view the detailed
information in the closure log, or generate a baseline log with a list of
solution files associated with selected baselines.
See the GPSurvey Software Users Guide for complete information on
the network map viewing options.

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5.7 Adjust the Network

Network adjustment is the most important tool in judging the overall
integrity of the observations and survey network. Just because
a baseline can be processed in GPSurvey does not mean that the
baseline fits within the survey network. It is not enough for a baseline
to be statistically precise; it must fit into the netwo rk ofobserved
baselines.
By default, the coordinates outputby WAVE are WGS-84 datum
coordinatestransformation of these coordinate s tosome other, more
meaningful, local datum will be a likely additional step. Use the
network adjustment process and tools to assist with the tasks of datu
transformations, geoid modeling, and quali tycontrol.
TRIMNET P lus, the network adjustment program that typically
comes bundled with the GPSurvey software, can combine GPS,
terrestrial, and geoid observations in network adjustment
computations.

5.7.1 Create Project Reports

Utility options available in the GPSurvey software can be used to
create, preview, and print the following customized summaries of
your project:
Project: general project information
Station: information about selected stations in the project
Baseline: one-line summaries of processing results for
selected baselines
Baseline solution: brief processing information for selected
baselines
Detailed baseline: detailed processing information for
selected baselines

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6 In the Field - Real-Time

Kinematic Surveying
This chapter contains a discussion of the steps involved in executing a
GPS survey project using real-time kinematic surveying methods.
Refer to the Survey Controller Reference Manual, Survey Controller
Field Guide, and the Trimble Survey Office Software Users Guide for
more information on equipment operation and RTK and
postprocessed kinematic survey techniques.

* Note A Trimble TSC1 data collector with Survey Controller firmware

is required to perform a real-time or postprocessed kinematic survey
with the 4700 receiver. The Survey Controller software on the data
collector provides an interface to the GPS receiver, allowing you to
specify beginning and ending times for stop-and-go occupations or
continuous kinematic segments. The Survey Controller also allows
you to enter point names, feature codes and antenna heights while
occupying a station or while moving.

* Note For RTK, the base receiver and each rover must have its own
dedicated radio and antenna to maintain the required
communications link between base and rover.
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In the Field - Real-Time Kinematic Surveying 6

6.1 Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) Surveying Description

Real-time kinematic surveying has three basic physical components:
GPS base station
GPS rover
Radio link between the base and the rover
The radio link transmits the GPS observations or data from the base
receiver to the rover. The roving receiver then combines the base
station data with the rover GPS data to process baselines and produce
coordinates at the rover in real-time.
A significant feature of RTK is the ability to work in local
coordinates. This feature is possible only if a calibration has been
performed for the local system, where the calibration defines the
transformation parameters, or mathematical relationship, between the
GPS coordinate system (WGS84) and the local coordinate system.
Because RTK is, by definition, a kinematic procedure, it shares the
same initialization requirements as a postprocessed kinematic survey.
The roving receiver must be initialized at the beginning of the survey
and maintain lock on at least four of the same satellites that the base
receiver is tracking and logging to perform a successful RTK survey
If there is a loss of lock, an interruption in logging of at least four
common satellites, the rover must re-initialize before proceeding.
When configured for RTK, the 4700 receiver is capable of on-the-fly
initialization, or initialization while moving. This allows for regaining
initialization while walking or moving from one point to the next,
assuming a clear view to the sky. This initialization method requires
tracking at least five common satellites at base and rover.
An entire GPS survey can be performed using only RTK methods, but
it is also possible to combine the results of a postprocessed survey
with RTK. The basic RTK requirements are the same in each of these
cases, but the sequence of the steps varies.

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6 In the Field - Real-Time Kinematic Surveying

6.1.1 RTK Survey

The following basic steps are required to conduct a real-time survey,
when there has been no previous GPS survey conducted on site:
1. Set up the base receiver with the transmit radio modem and
radio antenna.
2. Start the base receiver using the TSC1 controller.
3. Set up the roving receiver, radio modem and radio antenna.
4. Start the roving receiver using the TSC1 controller.
5. Initialize the roving receiver.
6. Locate control points with rover.
7. Perform in-field calibration in the TSC1 controller
8. Proceed with RTK survey
Before performing the calibration, control points are located relative
to the base receiver in a system approximating the GPS coordinate
system (WGS84). After the calibration has been successfully
performed, all results are presented in the local coordinate system.
This is one advantage to using RTK exclusively: one trip to the job
site is eliminated. With RTK, the control points can be located on the
first trip to the job site using RTK and in-field calibration. This avoids
having to perform a postprocessed control survey, returning to the
office, processing the data and adjusting the coordinates, and then
returning to the field to perform the RTK survey.
The disadvantage to this approach is the absence of a network
adjustment for the control stations or any other stations in the survey
network. Also, there is no existing network of GPS points with which
to verify initializations.

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In the Field - Real-Time Kinematic Surveying 6

6.2 RTK Base Receiver Installation

The receiver can be used as a base receiver for real time kinematic
surveys. Roving receivers can be 4700 receivers or any other series
4000 receivers equipped with the RTK rover options. To install the
4700 receiver as an RTK base station do the following:
1. Set up the antenna over the point.
2. Connect the antenna to the 4700 receiver.
3. Connect the transmit radio modem to the 4700 receiver.
4. Connect the power cable to the 4700 receiver.
5. Connect the TSC1 controller to the 4700 receiver.
6. Press the ON button on the TSC1 controller.
7. Power up the 4700 receiver, use the ON button or allow the
TSC1 controller to do this for you.
8. Refer to the Survey Controller manual to continue
configuring the 4700 receiver as a base unit.

6.2.1 Site Considerations

The area in which you set up the RTK base station should have the
following characteristics:
Clear view of the sky for maximum SV tracking
Minimal sources of RF interference
Minimal sources of multipath
Approximate elevation of roving receivers, if possible
Clear view for radio transmissions, elevated radio antennas
are highly recommended
Place the GPS antenna on a tripod or on a fixed-height rod over the
base station. The radio antenna can be mounted on any stand,
preferably something that elevates the antenna above nearby
obstructions.

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6 In the Field - Real-Time Kinematic Surveying

6.2.2 Connections
Connect the components to the 4700 receiver as shown in F igure6-1.
Refer to Port Configuration, page 2 -8 for a description of the rear
panel connections.

TSC-1 Battery
GPS
Antenna

Radio/Modem

POWER DATA

4700 Receiver

Figure 6-1 Connecting the Hardware to the 4700 Base Receiver Ports

* Note When using a secondary battery on Port 3, be sure to connect

the battery before powering on the 4700 (or connecting the TSC1,
which automatically powers on the 4700). This enables Port 3 to be
registered as a power-in port, and disables the Port 3 power-out
function.
If it is necessary to connect a secondary battery to Port 3 after the
4700 has been powered on (for example, to increase the availability of
a base station), Port 3 is not registered as a power-in port and the
power LED does not light. In this case, if the secondary battery is
charged, the 4700 switches to the Port 3 battery when the Port 2
battery is discharged.

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In the Field - Real-Time Kinematic Surveying 6

* Note The TSC1 controller is only a temporary requirement in this

configuration. It is typically disconnected once the base has been
started.

6.2.3 Connecting the Antenna

The 4700 receiver is normally packaged with a micro-centered
antenna. For the base receiver setup, the groundplane is recommended
to reduce multipath effects.
To connect the antenna do the following:
1. Setup the antenna over the point.
2. Use a fixed-height tripod or tripod and tribrach.
3. Connect the cable to the antenna using the N-type
connection.
4. Connect the Lemo connection end to the 4700 receiver
ANTENNA port.

I Caution Antennas for 4700 receiver and other recent Series 4000
receivers use a lower operating voltage than antennas for earlier
receivers (4000A, AX, SX, SL, SD). The 4700 receiver does not
operate with antennas for those earlier receivers. Attaching an old
antenna to a newer model of receiver can cause damage. Attaching
an antenna made by another manufacturer can also cause damage to
the receiver, antenna, or both. This caution does not apply to the
Compact L1/L2 and Micro-centered antennas.

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6 In the Field - Real-Time Kinematic Surveying

6.2.4 Connecting the Radio

Set up the radio link solution following the instructions in the radio
manual.

* Note The 4700 internal radio modem is receive only. For base
station operation an external transmit radio is always required.

To connect the radio do the following:

1. Use the antenna cable with TNC connector to connect the
TRIMMARK/TRIMTALK radio to the radio antenna.
2. Attach the TNC connector into the radio.
3. Use the cable (P/N 36241-03) with the 5-pin (1-shell) to 7-
pin (0-shell) Lemo connectors to connect the radio to Port 3
of the 4700 receiver.
a. Insert the 5-pin (Lemo 1-shell) connector into the radio.
b. Insert the 7-pin (Lemo 0-shell) connector into the 4700
receiver I/O Port 3.

* Note External radios other thanTrimble products may require

special cables.

* Note Elevating the radio antenna can significantly increase the

range over which the radio can transmit.

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In the Field - Real-Time Kinematic Surveying 6

6.2.5 Connecting the Power

The recommended power source for RTK base stations is the 6Ah
battery. The cable attached to the 6Ah battery comes with a 7-pin
Lemo connector. Insert the cable into the 4700 receiver in either Port
2 or Port 3.
With power supplied to the receiver, the appropriate battery LED
becomes solid green as soon as you press the POWER switch. The
POWER (yellow/green) LED indicates a good connection when lit.

* Note When using a secondary battery on Port 3, be sure to connect

the battery before powering on the 4700 (or connecting the TSC1,
which automatically powers on the 4700). This enables Port 3 to be
registered as a power-in port, and disables the Port 3 power-out
function.
If it is necessary to connect a secondary battery to Port 3 after the
4700 has been powered on (for example, to increase the availability of
a base station), Port 3 is not registered as a power-in port and the
power LED does not light. In this case, if the secondary battery is
charged, the 4700 switches to the Port 3 battery when the Port 2
battery is discharged.

6.2.6 Connecting the TSC1 Controller

The 4700 receiver is packaged with a cable (P/N 31288) designed for
communication between the receiver and the TSC1 controller. This
cable has a (0-shell) 7-pin Lemo connector at both ends. Connect the
TSC1 controller to the receiver with this cable and then:
1. Press the ON button to turn on the TSC1 controller.
2. Turn on the 4700 receiver using the TSC1 controller.
If the TSC1 controller is used to start the base receiver, you can
disconnect the TSC1 controller from the base receiver after the base
has been started.
For further instructions on the base setup, refer to the Survey
Controller Reference manual.

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6 In the Field - Real-Time Kinematic Surveying

6.3 RTK Rover Installation

The receiver is ideal for use as a Real-Time Kinematic rover. The
receiver can be used with another 4700 receiver as a base station, or
with any other 4000 series receiver equipped with the RTK option as a
base station.
To install the 4700 receiver as an RTK rover do the following:
1. Connect the GPS antenna.
2. Connect the radio antenna. If an external radio is used,
connect the external radio, then the radio antenna.
3. Connect the power source.
4. Connect the TSC1 controller.
5. Place the 4700 receiver with connected cables carefully into
the backpack.
6. Press the ON button on the TSC1 controller.
7. Power on the 4700 receiver using either the TSC1 controller
or the ON button on the 4700 receiver.
The 4700 receiver in a rover configuration is carried in a backpack.
Position each piece of the hardware in its respective slot in the
Trimble backpack so that:
The LED lights on the front panel are visible.
The POWER switch is accessible.
DC power is available.
Clearance exists for the power, antenna, and interface
connections.

F Tip Arrange the antenna and TSC1 controller cables so that they
exit the backpack on the same side. This ensures that no excess
cable gets in the way.

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In the Field - Real-Time Kinematic Surveying 6

6.3.1 Site Considerations

Real time kinematic surveys are most efficient in areas that are
relatively free of obstructions. The 4700 receiver is equipped with on-
the-fly ambiguity resolution, which provides greater flexibility
around obstructions, but the survey will benefit from a clear
environment. In general, an ideal site for RTK surveying has these
characteristics:
Clear view to the sky
Minimal sources of RF interference
Minimal sources of multipath
Similar elevation, roving antennas to the base station, if
possible

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6 In the Field - Real-Time Kinematic Surveying

6.3.2 Connections
Connect the components to the 4700 receiver as shown in F igure6-2.
Refer to Port Configuration, page 2 -8 for a description of the rear
panel connections.

Radio
Antenna
TSC-1

GPS
Antenna
Batteries

4700 Receiver

Figure 6-2 Connecting the Hardware to the 4700 Rover

Receiver Ports (Internal Radio)

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In the Field - Real-Time Kinematic Surveying 6

6.3.3 Connecting the Antenna

The 4700 receiver is normally packaged with a micro-centered
antenna. For the roving receiver setup, the groundplane is removed
for convenience. The micro-centered antenna is set on the rangepole
using the quick-release adapter, and connected by cable to the
receiver in the backpack.
To connect the antenna do the following:
1. Set the antenna on the rangepole using the quick-release
adapter.
2. Connect the cable to the antenna using the N-type
connection.
3. Connect the Lemo connection end to the 4700 receiver
ANTENNA port connection.

* Note When working in a high multipath environment, attach the

groundplane (if purchased) to the roving antenna. This can
significantly affect the ability to initialize an RTK survey.

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6 In the Field - Real-Time Kinematic Surveying

6.3.4 Connecting an External Radio to the 4700 Receiver

The radio antenna for a roving receiver has been designed to integrate
with the backpack.
To connect the radio do the following:
1. Attach the radio antenna to the backpack frame.
2. Connect the TNC connector to the TRIMTALK or
TRIMMARK radio inside the backpack.
3. Use the cable (P/N 36241-03) with the 5-pin (1-shell) to 7-
pin (0-shell) Lemo connectors to connect the radio to Port 3
of the 4700 receiver.
a. Insert the 5-pin connector into the radio.
b. Insert the 7-pin connector into Port 3 of the 4700
receiver.

* Note Refer to Figure 6-1 if an external radio is used at the roving

receiver.

* Note External radios other thanTrimble products may require

special cables.

6.3.5 Connecting the Power

To connect the power do the following:
1. Use the 7-pin Lemo to camcorder battery cable.
2. Insert the batteries into the slots in the backpack, with the
battery terminals at the top of the backpack.
3. Insert the 7-pin Lemo connector into the 4700 receiver
Ports 2 &3.
4. Connect the battery cable to the batteries.

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In the Field - Real-Time Kinematic Surveying 6

6.3.6 Connecting the TSC1 Controller

To connect the TSC1 controller do the following:
1. Use the 7-pin Lemo to 7-pin connector.
2. Insert the 7-pin connector into the TSC1 controller.
3. Insert the 7-pin Lemo connector into the 4700 receiver
Port 1.
4. Press the ON button on the TSC1 controller.
5. Power on the 4700 receiver using either the TSC1 controller
or the ON button of the 4700 receiver.
After the TSC1 controller connected, place the 4700 receiver and
connected cables carefully in the backpack. Be sure to avoid stress on
the cable connections.
When the connections are complete, confirm the status by checking
the 4700 front panel LEDs on the radio and the satellite LEDs should
blink at the configure rates (typically once per second for RTK
surveying). The power LED should be on solid. Use the TSC1
controller to note the number of SVs being tracked and the
communication status.
For further instructions on the rover setup and conducting an RTK
survey, refer to the Survey Controller Reference manual.

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A Typical Configurations
This appendix contains the typical configurations for using the 4700
receiver in the field as well as for downloading the field data.

A.1 Base Station Static/FastStatic Configuratio

Table A-1 lists the items required for each 4700 receiver setup for a
Static or FastStatic occupation when using a conventional tripod.

* Note The items listed in the following tables are for example
purposes only. Actual purchased items may vary.

Table A-1 Conventional Tripod Equipment

Part Name Part Number

4700 Receiver 35846-xx
Micro-centered Antenna 33429-00
Groundplane 23158
10-meter Antenna Cable 14553-00
6 AH Battery 32364-00
ConventionalTribrach 12179
Tribrach Adapter 12180
Tripod 12178
HI Measuring Rod 16162

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Typical Configurations A
Table A-2 lists optional items for a base station setup in a control
survey.
Table A-2 Optional Equipment

Part Name Part Number

10 AH Battery 32365-00
LaserTribrach 33848
Fixed height tripod various, depending on height

Table A-3 lists additional items that are suggested for optimizing field
sessions, but are not supplied by Trimble.
Table A-3 Recommended Items

Item Function
Directions to each Keeps crews on schedule, minimizes time lost due to
station unforeseen local traffic or road conditions
Station descriptions Facilitates station recovery and occupation
Communication Allows communication between crews
(radio) devices
Field logs Necessary to record station names, antenna height
measurements, receiver serial numbers and other field
data of interest to the user.

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A Typical Configurations

Figur eA-1 illustrates the 4700 receiver setup for a control survey
using a conventional tripod.

Geodetic Ground Plane

P/N 23158

4-Piece
Measuring Rod L1/L2 Micro
P/N 16162 Centered
Antenna
P/N 33429-00

Tripod
P/N 12178

4700 Receiver
6 Ah Battery
P/N 32364-00

Figure A-1 4700 Configuration for Static or FastStatic

Survey with a Conventional Tripod

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Typical Configurations A
Figur eA-2 shows the part and cable layout for a RTK base station
setup.

Geodetic Ground Plane

P/N 23158
MicroCentered
Antenna
Tribrach Adaptor P/N 33429-00
P/N 12180
Tribrach P/N 12179

HI Rod
P/N 16162

Radio Antenna
P/N 24252

Tripod
P/N 12178

POWER DATA TrimTalk

450S
Antenna Cable
P/N 14553-00

Tripod
P/N 12178

6 Ah Battery
P/N 32364-00
Radio Cable 4700 Receiver
P/N 36241-50

Figure A-2 4700 Base Station Configuration for an RTK

Survey

Table A-4 lists optional items used when performing an RTK survey.
Table A-4 Optional UHF Radio-Modem Equipment

Part Name Part Number

Tripod 12178
Radio Cable (Lemo 7-pin to 5-pin, 50ft.) 36241-50
Antenna UHF varies
TRIMTALK 450S (with mount) varies

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A Typical Configurations

A.2 Rover Configuration

Table A-5 lists items required for each 4700 rover setup in an RTK
survey.
Table A-5 Rangepole Equipment

Part Name Part Number

4700 Receiver Rover (with internal or 3rd 35846-xx
party radio modem)
Radio (UHF) Rover Radio Antenna varies
Camcorder Battery (Quantity 2) 17466
Camcorder Battery Cable (Quantity 2) 33928
Micro-centered Antenna 33429-00
Antenna Cable (5 m) 14553-01
Backpack 35474-00
TSC1 Data Collector with Survey 29673-00
Controller (with charged internal battery)
TSC1 Bracket varies
TSC1 Cable 31288
Rangepole (2 m) varies
Rangepole Quick-release 19493
Rangepole Quick-release Adapter 19487

Table A-6 lists optional items that can be used in a rover setup during
a FastStatic survey.
Table A-6 Optional Equipment

Part Name Part Number

6 AH Battery 32364-00
10 AH Battery 32365-00
Bipod Attachment varies

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Typical Configurations A
Figur eA-3 illustrates the 4700 receiver setup when using a rangepole.

L1/L2 Micro
Centered
Antenna
P/N 33429-00

Antenna Cable
Quick Release P/N 30770-00
P/N 19493
UHF Antenna
Quick with Cable
TSC-1 Bracket Release
P/N 30770-00 TSC-1 Adaptor
P/N 30000-40
Backpack 4700 Receiver

Camcorder Batteries

Camcorder
Data Cable Battery
Cables

Figure A-3 4700 RTK Rover Configuration with Backpack

This is a typical configuration for the roving receiver in an RTK

survey.
For a typical setup using a rangepole during a Static or FastStatic
survey: the radio modem, antenna and backpack can be eliminated,
and the use of a bipod attachment is suggested.

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A Typical Configurations

Figur eA-4 diagrams the cable and port connections for the RT
rover configuration shown in Figur eA-3.

VHF Antenna & Mount

P/N 24253
(Cable Included)

GPS
Antenna
BatteryCable Camcorder
P/N 33928 Batteries

TSC-1

4700
Receiver

TSC1-Rcvr Cable P/N 31288

Figure A-4 Cable Connections for an RTK Survey

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Typical Configurations A

A.3 Preparing to Download Field Data

Figur eA-5 shows the connections required to download field data
from the 4700 receiver.

Provides Power
and I/O

To P2
AC Adaptor Cord
P/N 11017

4700 Receiver

OSM IV
P/N 20669-80
To PC

Cable P/N 19309-00

(or any DB-9 serial
extension cable)

Figure A-5 Downloading Field Data Using the OSM I

Charger Unit

A.3.1 Office Download

To download field data from the 4700 receiver:
1. Connect one end of the AC adapter cable (P/N 11017) to the
OSM IV, and the opposite end into a wall outlet.
2. Connect the Power-I/O cable from the back of the OSM IV to
Port 2 of the 4700 receiver.
3. Connect the OSM IV to an open serial port of the local
computer using serial cable (P/N 19309-00). Connect to the
front of the OSM IV with a Db9 connector.

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A Typical Configurations

F Tip When using Lemo connectors, rotate the barrel of the connector
until the red dot on the cable end and the red mark on the hardware
port are aligned. If these two marks are aligned the cable should slip
easily into the port.

A.3.2 Field Download

The following steps describe how to download data when using a DC
power supply (for example, when you want to download data in the
field). See Figur eA-6.
1. Connect the cable from the power source to Port 2 of the
4700 receiver.
2. Connect the 4700 receiver to an open serial port of the local
computer using the optional serial cables (P/N 32960 or
32345).

POWER SOURCE
(6Ah Battery etc.)

Serial Port
on Computer

CABLE
7-Pin LEMO to DB-9
(P/N 32960)

Figure A-6 Field Download Connections

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Typical Configurations A

A.4 External Power Options

There are a number of external power options. These are discussed in
the following sections.

A.4.1 Office Support Module IV (OSM IV)

The OSM IV (P/N 20669-80) allows the receiver to operate from line
power and charge four camcorder batteries and one 6 or 10 Ah
battery. It can accept power at all widely used voltages and
frequencies, including 100-240VAC at 50-60 Hertz. It also provides a
standard Db9 connector for serial port communications while
charging through Port 1.
See Appendi xI, Office Support Module (OSM IV) for more
information.

A.4.2 Camcorder Batteries

You can carry camcorder batteries (P/N 17466) in the receiver's
backpack and attach them to the receiver with a cable. The battery
input cable (P/N 33928) connects one battery to each of the receiver's
power ports 2 and 3. Both of these cables plug into the Ports 2&3 of
the 4700 connector at one end and clip to the batteries at the other
end.

A.4.3 6 AH battery
The rechargeable, portable 6 AH battery powers the 4700 receiver for
approximately eight hours. The battery connects to the receiver using
a cable with a 7-pin (0-shell) Lemo connector. The connector plugs
into port 2. The 6 AH battery is standard for the base configuration
with a GPS Total Station 4700 or postprocessed bundle.

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A Typical Configurations

A.4.4 10 AH battery
The rechargeable, portable 10 AH battery powers the 4700 receiver
for approximately 14 hours. The battery comes in a carrying bag with
a fused cable that has a 7-pin (0-shell) Lemo connector. The
connector plugs into Port 2 or 3. The 10 AH battery is available as an
option.

A.4.5 Other Trimble Power Supplies

To use other Trimble power supply options that you currently own or
plan to purchase in the future, use P/N 32959 to make the connection
from a 0-shell 7-pin Lemo to a 1-shell 5-pin Lemo device (for
example, the OSM II, P/N 20669-40).

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Typical Configurations A

A.5 GPS Antennas

The 4700 receiver is bundled in a number of different configurations,
all of which include GPS antennas. This section describes the
different antennas that are compatible with the receiver.

A.5.1 Micro-centered Antenna

The micro-centered antenna is the most commonly used antenna for
dual frequency RTK surveys, and it is part of the standard
configuration for the 4700 receiver bundles.
Trimble's micro-centered dual-frequency antenna features
outstanding phase center stability that increases precision for many
GPS surveys.
The key to the antenna's performance lies in the patented design of a
new 4-way feed micro-strip antenna element. The element features a
symmetrical electronic path for the GPS signals which minimizes
phase center variation compared to conventional antennas. The new
element resides in a housing which is identical to that of Trimble's
standard Compact L1/L2 antenna. The new antenna is distinguished
on the outside by a "MICRO CENTERED" marking on the antenna
body and yellow colored lines on the frame.

* Note The "N" (for north) alignment designator is no longer printed

on the antenna body.

High precision GPS results can be achieved without aligning the

antennas with each other. This avoids a common source of GPS
survey errors and costly revisits to sites. It is especially valuable for
control surveys, for example, Static and FastStatic surveys, where
operators may forget to align tripod-mounted antennas, may misalign
antennas, or may forget to record in their notes if the antennas were
aligned. Test results indicate that Trimble's micro-centered dual-
frequency antenna can add as much as 5 mm of precision over
antennas that are oppositely aligned.

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A Typical Configurations

A second benefit applies to kinematic surveys, where alignment of

pole-mounted antennas with a base station antennas is often
impractical. Test results indicate improvements in average precisions
of 2 mm to 3 mm, with maximum improvements as much as 5 mm.
Micro-centered antennas are also valuable in mixed antenna
environments, especially when reference stations and non-Trimble
antennas are used. In these cases, the micro-centered antenna's
minimized phase center variation improves precision compared to
conventional antennas.
Table A-7 lists the types and part numbers of the Micro-centered
antennas.
Table A-7 Micro-centered Antennas

Name Part Number

Micro-centered Compact L1/L2 33549-10
Micro-centered Geodetic L1/L2 33549-00
Micro-centered transverse option 33549-30
Micro-centered Permanent L1/L2 33429-20

A.5.2 Compact L1/L2 antenna

The Compact L1/L2 antenna is designed for both geodetic
applications and lightweight mobile requirements. The antenna
electronics are contained in a rugged plastic antenna housing with a
detachable groundplane. This groundplane is designed to reduce the
effects of multipath.
When the antenna is used at a base receiver, the groundplane is
normally attached. When the antenna is used with a roving receiver,
the groundplane is normally removed.

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Typical Configurations A

A.5.3 Machine/Permanent Mount L1/L2 Antenna

The optional machine/permanent mount L1/L2 antenna
(P/N 27947-05) is designed for extremely rugged environments,
where the antenna is mounted on heavy machinery. The antenna
electronics are contained in a rugged aluminum antenna housing with
a 13" groundplane and is mounted with a 4 bolt mount (1 at each
corner). An antenna cable is not included with this antenna as the
required antenna cable lengths vary from installation to installation.
Order the antenna cable separately for this option.
Table A-8 lists several antenna cable options, their part numbers and
connection types.
Table A-8 Antenna Cable Options

Antenna Cable Part Number Connection Type

30-meter low-loss 14551-00 The connection is an RG-213 Type N-plug-
antenna cable to-Lemo connector.
5-meter low-loss 14553-01 The connection is an RG-213 Type N-plug-
antenna cable to-Lemo connector.
Antenna cable with 16054-00 This 30-meter extension coaxial cable with a
in-line amplifier signal amplifier extends the length of the
standard antenna cables, and can be used
for applications in harsh operating
environments. The connection is an RG-213
Type N-plug-to-Type N-plug. The amplifier is
detachable. The amplifier is powered
through the cable by the 4700 receiver.

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B Specifications
The following tables contain performance, physical, technical,
electrical, and functional specifications for the 4700 receiver.
Table B-1 Static Survey Performance Accuracy (Postprocessed)

Horizontal 5 mm + 1 ppm x (baseline length)

Vertical 10 mm + 1 ppm x (baseline length)

Azimuth 1 arc second + 5/ (baseline length in kilometers)

The stated precision assumes 5 satellites (minimum) tracked continuously using
the recommended survey procedures and using the L1 and L2 signals at all sites.
Precise ephemerides and meteorological data may be required. FastStatic is a
function of occupation time and observation conditions.

* Note The ppm error (relative error, based on baseline length)

equals 1 mm for a baseline length of 1 km. To calculate the horizontal
or vertical precision as shown above, add the fixed error (present in
every measurement) to the result of the baseline length (expressed in
mm) divided by one million.

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Specifications B
Table B-2 Real-Time Kinematic Survey Performance Accuracy

Mode Latency Accuracy

1 Hz fine 0.4 second 1 cm 2 ppm Horizontal
2 cm 2 ppm Vertical
5 Hz fine 0.1 second 2 cm 2 ppm Horizontal
5 cm 2 ppm Vertical
Coarse Real-time 20 cm RMS
Range: Up to 10 km, depending on radios used

Table B-3 Post Processed Kinematic Survey Performance

Horizontal <10 km: 1 cm + 2 ppm (times baseline length)

>10 km: 2 cm + 1 ppm (times baseline length)
Vertical 2 cm + 1 ppm (times baseline length)

Occupation Continuous: 1 second measurement time

Stop & Go: 2 second (min) with 5 satellites

Table B-4 4700 Receiver Physical Specifications

Size 4.7" (D) x 2.6" (H) x 8.2" (L)

11.9 cm (D) x 6.6 cm (H) x 20.8 cm (L)
Weight 2.7 lbs. (1.22 Kg) 4700 receiver with internal radio

Power 4.5W (4700 receiver only

Consumption 5.2W (Base configuration: 4700 receiver, antenna, 450s radio)
6.0W (Rover configuration: 4700 receiver, antenna, TSC1,
internal radio)
Operating -40C to +65C (-40F to +149F)
Temperature
Storage -40C to +75C (-40F to +167F)
Temperature
Humidity Mil SPEC 810E, 100% fully sealed

Casing Dust proof, splash proof, and shock resistant

Shock 1 m drop on hard surface

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B Specifications

* Note The base configuration: 6W - 4700 receiver, antenna, external

450S transmitting base radio. The rover configuration: 6W - 4700
receiver, antenna, internal receiving radio, TSC1 controller.

Table B-5 4700 Receiver Technical Specifications

Tracking 9 channels L1 C/A code, L1/L2 full cycle carrier. Fully

operational during P-code encryption.
Signal Processing Very low-noise C/A code processing
Supertrak multibit GPS signal processing
multipath suppression: full 32-bit microprocessor
Communications Dual RS-232 ports for serial input and data collector control.
Baud rates up to 38,400 (57600 on Port 2)
Dedicated RS232 serial port for external radio
communications
Flow control available on Ports 1 and 3

Table B-6 4700 Receiver Electrical Specifications

Power Input Nominal 10.5 to 24 VDC, 2 DC power inputs

Power Output Nominal 5W combined output

Battery (Base) 8 hours typical with 6 AH battery (CMR Out, Logging data,
external TRIMTALK 450S transmitter)
Battery (Rover) 8 hours typical with 2 Camcorder batteries (internal radio,
TSC1 controller, logging data)
GPS antenna Micro-centered GPS antenna and groundplane

Certification FCC and CE Mark approved (also Canadian approval)

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Specifications B
Table B-7 4700 Receiver Functionality

Datalogging 120 hours (5 days) L1/L2, 6SVs, 15s epoch rate

Logging rates 1Hz - 60 sec

Input Formats RTCM 2.1 (1,2,3,9,18,19), CMR2 & CMR+, Event Marker

Output Formats NMEA-0183 (GGA, GST, GSV, PTNL, GGK, PTNL, SYNC,
PTNL, PJT, PJK, VTG, ZDA), RTCM 2.1, CMR2 & CMR
Trimble General Serial Output Format
Requires Remote Controller software, version 2.2 or later, or
Configuration-Toolbox software, version 2.0 or later
Ports 2 RS232, 1 external radio, 1 internal radio, 2 DC in, 2 DC out

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C NMEA-0183 Output
When the NMEA-0183 output is enabled, messages can be produced
to aid integration with other sensors. The 4700 can be configured,
using the Remote Controller or Configuration Toolbox software, to
output NMEA message ASCII strings through any serial port.

C.1 Message Elements

All messages conform to the NMEA-0183 Version 2.0 format. All
begin with dollar sign ($) and end with a carriage return and a line
feed. Data fields follow comma (,) delimiters and are variable in
length. Null fields still follow a comma delimiter but contain no
information.
The optional checksum field is the last field in a message and follows
the asterisk (*) delimiter. The checksum is the 8-bit exclusive OR of
all characters in the message, including the commas, between but not
including the comma and asterisk delimiters. The hexadecimal result
is converted to two ASCII characters (0-9, A-F). The most significant
character appears first.

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NMEA-0183 Output C

C.1.1 Fields and Delimiters

Each message consists of:
message ID consisting of $GP followed by the message type
For example, the message ID of the ZDA message is
$GPZDA.
comma
number of fields that depends on the message type, separated
by commas
asterisk
checksum
An example of a simple message with six fields plus the message ID
and checksum follows:
$GPZDA,152145,21,05,1993,-7,00*50

* Note Trimble proprietary message strings begin with the message

ID PTNL. For example: $PTNL,GGK. . . . . . . . . .

C.1.2 Latitude and Longitude

Latitude is represented as [Link]. Longitude is always
represented as [Link], where direction (north, south, east, or
west) is presented in a separate field.
dd or ddd is degrees
[Link] is minutes and decimal fractions of minutes

C.1.3 Direction
Direction is a single character: N, S, E, or W for North, South, East, or
West

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C NMEA-0183 Output

C.1.4 Time
Time values are in UTC, and are represented as hhmmss, where:
hh is hours, from 00 to 23
mm is minutes
ss is seconds

C.2 Supported Messages

Table C-1 summarizes the set of NMEA messages supported by the
4700 receivers and shows the page number where detailed
information about each message is found.
Table C-1 NMEA Message Summary

Message Function Page

GGA Time, position, and fix related data C-4
GST Position error statistics C-5
GSV Number of SVs in view, PRN numbers, elevation, C-6
azimuth and SNR values
PTNL, GGK Time, position, position type, DOP, and Ellipsoidal Height C-7
PTNL, SYNC GGK_SYNC (non-propagated) Time, Position, Position C-8
Type, DOP, & Ellipsoidal Height
PTNL, PJK Local coordinate position output C-9
PTNL, PJT Projection type C-10
PTNL, VGK VGK Vector information C-10
PTNL, VHD Heading Information C-11
VTG Actual track made good and speed over ground C-12
ZDA UTC day, month, and year, and local time zone offset C-13

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NMEA-0183 Output C

C.2.1 GGA: Time, Global Pasitioning System Fix Data

Position, and Fix Related Data
$GPGGA,151924,3723.454487,N,12202.269799,W
,2,09,0.9,-17.49,M,-25.67,M,1,0000*57
Table C-2 describes the message fields in the GGA message.
Table C-2 GGA Message Fields

Field Meaning
1 UTC of position fix
2 Latitude
3 Direction of latitude (N or S)
4 Longitude (E or W)
5 Direction of longitude
6 GPS Quality indicator
0: Fix not available or invalid
1: Autonomous GPS fix
2: Differential, floating carrier phase integer-based solution (FLOAT)
3: Differential, fixed carrier integer-based solution (FIXED)
4: Differential, code phase only solution (DGPS)
7 Number of SVs in use, 00 to 12
8 HDOP
9 Antenna height, MSLGEDID reference
10 M is fixed text indicating that the unit of measure for altitude is meters
11 Geoidal separation
12 M is fixed text indicating that the unit of measure for geoidal separation is
meters
13 Age of differential GPS data record, Type 1 or Type 9. Null when DGPS not
used
14 Base station ID, 00001023, null when any reference station ID is selected
and no corrections are received

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C NMEA-0183 Output

C.2.2 GST Position Error Statistics

$GPGST,172814.0,0.006,0.023,0.020,273.6,0.
023,0.020,0.031*6A
Table C-3 describes the message fields in the GST message.
Table C-3 GST Message Fields

Field Meaning
1 UTC position fix
2 RMS value of the pseudorange residuals, includes carrier phase residuals
during periods of RTK (FLOAT and FIXED) processing
3 Error ellipse semi-major axis 1 sigma error (meters)
4 Error ellipse semi-minor axis 1 sigma error (meters)
5 Error ellipse orientation (degrees from true north)
6 Latitude 1 sigma error (meters)
7 Longitude 1 sigma error (meters)
8 Altitude 1 sigma error (meters)

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NMEA-0183 Output C

C.2.3 GSV: Number of SVs In View, PRN Numbers,

Elevation, Azimuth and SNR Values
$GPGSV,2,1,5,16,63,216,53,18,63,327,53,...
.,2,5,14,31,170,44*7D
Message length depends on the number of satellites in view.
Table C-4 describes the message fields in the GSV message.

Table C-4 GSV Message Fields

Field Meaning
1 Total number of messages, 1 to 3
2 Message number, 1 to 3
3 Total number of satellites in view
4 Satellite PRN number
5 Elevation, degrees, 90 maximum
6 Azimuth, degreesTrue, 000 to 359
7 SNR (C/No) 00 - 99dB, Null when not tracking
8 Satellite PRN number for second SV
9 Elevation, degrees, 900 maximum (2nd SV)
10 Azimuth, degreesTrue, 000 to 359 (2nd SV)
11 SNR (C/No) 00 - 99dB, Null when not tracking (2nd SV)
12 - 15, Information about nextSV, same format as fields 4 - 7
etc. Information repeats for number SVs in view (field 3)

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C NMEA-0183 Output

C.2.4 PTNL,GGK: Time, Position, Position Type, DOP

$PTNL,GGK,172814.00,071296,3723.46587704,N
,12202.26957864,W,3,06,1.7,EHT-6.777,M*48
Table C-5 describes the fields in the PTNL,GGK message.
Table C-5 PTNL,GGK Message Fields

Field Meaning
1 UTC of position fix
2 Date
3 Latitude
4 Direction of latitude (N or S)
5 Longitude
6 Direction of Longitude (E or W)
7 GPS Quality indicator
0: Fix not available or invalid
1: Autonomous GPS fix
2: Differential, floating carrier phase integer-based solution (FLOAT)
3: Differential, fixed carrier phase integer-based solution (FIXED)
4: Differential, code phase only solution (DGPS)
8 Number of satellites in fix
9 DOP of fix
10 Ellipsoidal height of fix
11 M is fixed text indicating the unit of measure for ellipsoidal height is meters

* Note The GGK message is longer than the NMEA-0183 standard of

80 characters.

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NMEA-0183 Output C

C.2.5 PTNL, SYNC: Time, Position, Position Type, DOP, and

Ellipsoidal Height
The GGK SYNC message is the synchronized RTK solution.
GGK_SYNC provides synced (non-propagated) matched epoch
solutions. GGK_SYNC solution string will be different from the
solution used by all the other outputs when the receiver is in low
latency mode.
$PTNL,GGK_SYNC,001814.00,110398,3723.34931612,N,12202.22
481912,W,3,08,2.1,EHT18C
Table C-6 PTNL, SYNC Message Fields

Field Meaning
1 UTC of position fix
2 Date
3 Latitude
4 Direction of latitude (N or S)
5 Longitude
6 Direction of Longitude (E or W)
7 GPS Quality indicator
0: Fix not available or invalid
1:Autonomous GPS fix
2:Differential, floating carrier phase integer-based solution (FLOAT)
3:Differential, fixed carrier phase integer-based solution (FIXED)
4:Differential, code phase only solution (DGPS)
8 Number of satellites in fix
9 DOP of fix
10 Ellipsoidal height of fix
11 M is fixed text indicating the unit of measure for ellipsoidal height is meters

* Note The GGK message is longer than the NMEA-0183 standard of

80 characters.

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C NMEA-0183 Output

C.2.6 PTNL,PJK: Local Coordinate Position Output

Table C-7 describes the fields in the PTNL, PJK message.
Table C-7 PTNL,PJK Message Fields

Field Meaning
1 UTC of position fix
2 Date
3 Northing (meters)
4 Direction of Northing, will always be N (North)
5 Easting (meters)
6 Direction of Easting, will always be E (East)
7 GPS Quality indicator
0: Fix not available or invalid
1: Autonomous GPS fix
2: Differential, floating carrier phase integer-based solution (FLOAT)
3: Differential, fixed carrier integer-based solution (FIXED)
4: Differential, code phase only solution (DGPS)
8 Number of satellites in fix
9 DOP of fix
10 Ellipsoidal height of fix
11 M is fixed text indicating the unit of measure for ellipsoidal height is meters

* Note The PJK message is longer than the NMEA-0183 standard of

80 characters.

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NMEA-0183 Output C

C.2.7 PTNL,PJT: Projection Type

$PTNL,PJT,NAD83(Conus),California Zone 4
0404,*51
Table C-8 describes the fields in the PTNL,PJT message.

Table C-8 PTNL,PJT Message Fields

Field Meaning
1 Coordinate system name (can include multiple words)
2 Projection name (can include multiple coordinates)

C.2.8 VGK: PTNL, VGK Vector Information

$PTNL,VGK,220432.00,110698,-0000.001,
00000.001,-0000.015, 3, 05,4.7,M*0C
Table C-9 describes the fields in the PTNL,PJT message.
Table C-9 PTNL, VGK Message Fields

Field Meaning
1 UTC of vector in [Link]
2 Date in mmddyy
3 East component of vector in meters
4 North component of vector in meters
5 Up component of vector in meters
6 GPS Quality indicator
0: Fix not available or invalid
1: Autonomous GPS fix
2: Differential, floating carrier phase integer-based solution (FLOAT)
3: Differential, fixed carrier integer-based solution (FIXED)
4: Differential, code phase only solution (DGPS)
7 Number of satellites in fix
8 DOP of fix
9 M: vector component in meters

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C NMEA-0183 Output

C.2.9 VHD: PTNL, VHD Heading Information

$PTNL,VHD,220436.00,110698,137.954,
-47.286,-30.517, 13.728,0.003,-0.003,
3,05,4.7,M*1E
Table C-10 describes the fields in the VHD message.
Table C-10 PTNL, VHD Message Fields

Field Meaning
1 UTC of position, in [Link], ddmmyy
2 Azimuth
3 Azimuth/Time
4 VertAngle
5 Angle/Time
6 Range
7 Range/Time
8 GPS Quality indicator
0: Fix not available or invalid
1: Autonomous GPS fix
2: Differential, floating carrier phase integer-based solution (FLOAT)
3: Differential, fixed carrier integer-based solution (FIXED)
4: Differential, code phase only solution (DGPS)
9 Number of satellites in solution
10 PDOP

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NMEA-0183 Output C

C.2.10 VTG: Actual Track Made Good Over and Speed Over
Ground
$GPVTG,,T,,M,0.00,N,0.00,K*4E
Table C-11 describes the fields in the VTG message.
Table C-11 VTG Message Fields

Field Meaning
1 Track made good (degrees true)
2 T is fixed text that indicates that track made good is relative to true north
3 Null field
4 M is fixed text
5 Speed (knots)
6 N is fixed text that indicates that speed is in knots
7 Speed over ground in kilometers/hour (KPH)
8 K is fixed text that indicates that speed over ground is in KPH

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C NMEA-0183 Output

C.2.11 ZDA: UTC Day, Month, And Year, and Local Time Zone
Offset
$GPZDA,172809,12,07,1996,00,00*45
Table C-12 describes the fields in the ZDA message.

Table C-12 ZDA Message Fields

Field Meaning
1 Time, in UTC
2 Day, 01 to 31
3 Month, 01 to 12
4 Year
5 Local time zone offset from GMT, 00 t o 13hours
6 Local time zone offset from, minutes

Fields 5 and 6, together, yield the total offset. For example, if field 5 is
5 and field 6 is 15, local ti me is 5hours and 15minutes earlier than
GMT.

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NMEA-0183 Output C

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D Event Marker Input and

One Pulse Per Second
(1PPS) Output Option
The Event Marker input and One Pulse Per Second (1PPS) output are
options available to the 4700. Configuration of these two functions
requires either Remote Controller or Configuration Toolbox software
utilities.

D.1 Event Marker Option Summary Description

Event Marker input is used to log a precise GPS time tag upon receipt
of an externally generated pulse, such as one generated at time of the
shutter closing from a photogrammetric camera.
The pulse is input through Port 2 of the 4700 using the Event Marker/
1PPS cable (PN 36451-00).
Refer to Section D.5, Event Marker Input, for further explanation of
the Event Marker.

D.2 1PPS Option Summary Description

The 4700 receiver can output a 1pulse/second (1PPs) time strobe with
an associated ASCII time tag output. The pulse is output through
Port 2 of the 4700 receiver using the Event Marker/1PPS cable
(PN 36451-00).

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Event Marker Input and One Pulse Per Second (1PPS) Output Option D

D.3 Port 2 Pinout Configuration

Port 2 of the 4700 provides Event Marker input and 1PPS output.
Figur eD-1 shows the Port 2 connector.

7
6
1

4
3

Figure D-1 Port 2 Pinout Connector Diagram

Table D-1 describes the Port 2 pinout functionality.

Table D-1 Port 2 Pinout Functionality

7-Pin W/ 1PPS/Event In Function

1 Signal ground
2 GND
3 TXD2 (data out)
4 1PPS (out)
5 Event Marker (in)
6 Power
7 RXD2 (data in)

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D Event Marker Input and One Pulse Per Second (1PPS) Output Option

D.4 Event Marker/1PPS Cable (PN 36451-00)

Description
The Event Marker/1PPS Cable (PN 36451-00), see Figure D -2 and
Table D-2, provides a breakout box with two BNC (female)
connectors. In addition, the breakout box includes a LEMO 7-pin
connector to extend serial communications and/or power service on
Port 2.

P3 (Event Marker in)

P2
(1 PPS out)
P4
(Port 2 Extension)

P1
(To Port 2 on 4700)

Figure D-2 Event Marker Input/1PPS Output Cable

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Event Marker Input and One Pulse Per Second (1PPS) Output Option D
Table D-2 Event Marker Input/1PPS Output Cable Pinouts

P1 P2 P3 P4
LEMO 7-Pin Port 2 BNC/1PPS BNC/EVENT LEMO 7s Port 2
[4700/4800] MKR extension
4700/4800 pin pin pin pin function
function
Signal ground 1 - - 1 Signal ground
GND 2 GND GND 2 GND
Serial data out 3 - - 3 Serial data in
(TXD2) (TXD2)
1PPS 4 Center pin - 4 NC
Event Marker 5 - Center pin 5 NC
Power IN (+) 6 - - 6 Power IN (+)
Serial data in 7 - - 7 Serial data out
(RXD2) (RXD2)

The device (Photogrammetric camera) that outputs event marker

pulses to the 4700 is connected to the input BNC connector labeled
Event Marker on the breakout box.
The device that accepts 1PPS output pulses from the 4700 is
connected to the BNC connector on the breakout box labeled 1PPS.
In addition to the BNC connectors, a 7-pin LEMO bulkhead
connector is available on the breakout box to continue port 2 service
(Power-in & serial communication). Because the BNC connectors are
used to service the Event Marker and 1PPS features pins, 5 (Event
Marker) and 6 (1PPS) are inactive on the LEMO connector.
The 4700 receiver can output a 1pulse/second (1PPs) time strobe with
an associated ASCII time tag output. The pulse is output through Port
2 on the 4700 receiver. 1PPS/Event Marker Cable (PN 36451-00)
provides a BNC (female) connector to adapt.

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D Event Marker Input and One Pulse Per Second (1PPS) Output Option

D.5 Event Marker Input

The event marker feature is used to log a precise GPS time tag and
sequential ID number in the current data file for an externally
generated pulse such as a photogrammetric camera's shutter opening
pulse. The information can be extracted from the 4700's data file
using GPSurvey (For further information, see GPSurvey
documentation).
The event is triggered when the source pulse voltage transitions
between 1.0 VDC and 2.0 VDC in less than 100 nanoseconds. TTL
level inputs are recommended. The leading edge can be positive
(rising) or negative (falling) configured by user control. Accuracy of
the associated time tag recorded for an event is determined by the
accuracy of the GPS, typically less than 1 microsecond.

D.5.1 Using Remote Controller to Enable and Configure

Event Marker Input
The following procedure enables and configures the event marker
input.
1. Connect the computer to the 4700 receiver
2. Power on the 4700 receiver.
3. Launch the Remote Controller program. See Appen dixE,
Remote Controller Software, for detailed operating
instructions.

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Event Marker Input and One Pulse Per Second (1PPS) Output Option D
4. Use the following control sequence to enable and configure
the event marker input:
[Control]
[ALPHA] scrolls sub-windows within CONTROL
window
[Event{Markers] Select Event Marker feature, see Figure D-3

Figure D-3 Remote Controller Event Marker Display

[ENTER] Toggle Event Marker on

[POSITIVE] choose Leading edge of pulse definition by
toggling [ALPHA] key
[ENTER] Event Marker input is enabled as defined

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D Event Marker Input and One Pulse Per Second (1PPS) Output Option

D.5.2 Using Configuration Toolbox to Create an Application

File to Enable and Configure 4700 with Event Marker
Input Capability.
Configuration Toolbox allows user to create an application file and
upload that file to the 4700.
Launch Configuration Toolbox program. For more details see
Appendix F, Configuration Toolbox, or the on line Help within the
program).
1. Begin Configuration Toolbox by double-clicking on the
command Configuration Toolbox icon [Link].
1. Select File / New / 4700to display the Configuration File
dialog box, see Figur eD-4.
2. Select Device from the Available: list box and reate a new file
by clicking on the [Add] button, see FigureD-4.

Figure D-4 Configuration File Event Marker Creation

Screen

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Event Marker Input and One Pulse Per Second (1PPS) Output Option D
3. On the Device - Event page select:
Device: Event Marker
State: Enable
Triggering Edge: Positive or Negative (corresponding
to external device pulse)
The Event Marker input feature enables the 4700 to log a
time-stamped record whenever an event (an electrical pulse)
is detected.
4. Click on the [Save] button if you want to save the
configuration file to your computer. Follow the instructions
displayed on the screen.
5. Click on the [Transmit] button to transmit the configuration file
to the attached receiver. Follow the instructions displayed on
the screen.
6. Click on the [Close] button to exit the Configuration File
dialog box. Follow the instructions displayed on the screen.

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D Event Marker Input and One Pulse Per Second (1PPS) Output Option

D.6 One Pulse Per Second Output (1PPS)

The 4700 receiver can output a 1 pulse/second (1 PPS) time strobe and
an associated time tag. 4700 receivers output the pulse on Port 2,
using the pinouts shown in Figure D-1 and TableD-1. The ASCII
time tag can be independently turned on and off, and can be output
through any user defined serial port.

D.6.1 1PPS Pulse Definition

The leading edge of the pulse coincides with the beginning of each
UTC second. See FigureD- 5. The pulse is driven by an RS-422 driver
between nominal levels of 0.0V and 4.0V. The leading edge is
positive, rising from 0V to 4V.

4v

0v

Seconds

Time Tag Output Here

Time Tag Applies Here

Figure D-5 Time Tag Relation to 1 PPS Wave Form

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Event Marker Input and One Pulse Per Second (1PPS) Output Option D
The pulse duration is approximately 8 sec wide, with rise and fall
times of about 100 nsec. Resolution is approximately 40 nsec, but
several external factors limit accuracy to approximately sec:
Position errors (especially with user-entered reference): Each
meter of error can result in 3 nsec. of error in the 1PPS pulse.
Selective Availability: When in effect, introduces errors of up
to 30 meters (100 nsec) in satellite signals, with
corresponding errors in the 1 PPS pulse.
Antenna cable length: Each meter of cable adds a delay of
about 2 nsec. to satellite signals, and a corresponding delay in
the 1 PPS pulse.

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D Event Marker Input and One Pulse Per Second (1PPS) Output Option

D.6.2 ASCII Time Tag Definition

Each time tag is output about 0.5 second before the corresponding
pulse, see Figur eD-5. Time tags are in ASCII format on a user-
selected serial port. The format of a time tag is:
UTC [Link] hh:mm:ss ab
Where:
UTC is fixed text.
[Link] is the year, month, and date.
hh:mm:ss is the hour (on a 24-hour clock), minute, and
second. The time is in UTC, not GPS.
a is the position-fix type:
1 = 2-D Position Fix for E,N only
2 = 3-D Position Fix
3 = Single SV Clock-only fix
4 = Automatic Mode
5 = Reference Station Position
6 = Two-Dimensional with Fixed Clock
7 = Overdetermined solution for clock only
b is number of satellites being tracked: 1 to 9, : (for 10), ;
(for 11), or < (for 12).
Each time tag is terminated by a carriage return, line feed
sequence.
A typical printout looks like:
UTC 93.12.21 20:21:16 56
UTC 93.12.21 20:21:17 56
UTC 93.12.21 20:21:18 56
a and b can be ??, meaning that the time is based on the receiver
clock because the receiver is not tracking satellites. The receiver clock
is less accurate than time readings extracted from satellite signals.

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Event Marker Input and One Pulse Per Second (1PPS) Output Option D

D.6.3 Using Remote Controller to Enable and Configure

1PPS Output.
The following procedure enables and configures the 1PPS output.
1. Connect the computer to the 4700 receiver
2. Power on the 4700 receiver.
3. Launch the Remote Controller program. See Appen dixE,
Remote Controller Software, for detailed operating
instructions.
4. Use the following control sequence to enable and configure
the 1PPS output:
[Control]
[ALPHA] scrolls sub-windows within CONTROL
window
[1PPS] Select 1PPS feature, see Fi gureD-6

Figure D-6 Remote Controller 1PPS Output Display

[ALPHA] Enables 1PPS output

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D Event Marker Input and One Pulse Per Second (1PPS) Output Option

[ENTER] 1PPS output is enabled, cursor moves to

ASCII Time Tag Port selection, default is
OFF
[ALPHA] Selects port to output Time Tag
[ENTER] Output is enabled as defined
5. Exit Remote Controller program. Computer communications
ends. The 4700 operates with 1PPS out on PORT 2.

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Event Marker Input and One Pulse Per Second (1PPS) Output Option D

D.6.4 Using Configuration Toolbox to Create an Application

File to Enable and Configure 4700 to Output 1PPS.
Configuration Toolbox allows user to create an application file and
upload that file to the 4700.
Launch Configuration Toolbox program. For more details see
Appendix F, Configuration Toolbox or the Online Help within the
program.
1. Begin Configuration Toolbox by double-clicking on the
command Configuration Toolbox icon [Link].
1. Select File / New / 4700to display the Configuration File
dialog box, see Figur eD-7.
2. Select Device from the Available: list box and reate a new file
by clicking on the [Add] button, see FigureD-7.

Figure D-7 Configuration File Device - 1PPS Enable

Screen

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D Event Marker Input and One Pulse Per Second (1PPS) Output Option

3. On the Device-1PPS page select:

Device type: 1Pulse Per Second
State: Enable
4. Select Output from the Available: list box and reate a new file
by clicking on the [Add] button, see FigureD-8.

Figure D-8 Configuration File Output - 1PPS Screen

5. On the Output-1PPS page select:

Message type: 1 PPS
Serial Port: Port 2
Frequency: 1 Hz
6. Click on the [Save] button if you want to save the
configuration file to your computer. Follow the instructions
displayed on the screen.

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Event Marker Input and One Pulse Per Second (1PPS) Output Option D
7. Click on the [Transmit] button to transmit the configuration file
to the attached receiver. Follow the instructions displayed on
the screen.
8. Click on the [Close] button to exit the Configuration File
dialog box. Follow the instructions displayed on the screen.

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E Remote Controller
Software
This appendix provides an overview of the Remote Controller utility
software with the 4700 receiver. For more details of the Remote
Controller software operation, refer to the Remote Controller
Software Users Guide .

* Note The Remote Controller software is an option to the 4700

receiver and is not included in the standard configuration. Remote
Controller software version 2.2, or later, is required to operate with the
4700 receiver.

The 4700 receiver front panel display has five light emanating diodes
(LEDs) and a POWER switch. The receiver does not have a liquid
crystal display (LCD) or keyboard. The Remote Controller software
provides front panel emulation. This does not replace the handheld
survey device with Survey Controller firmware, which is
recommended for roving receiver applications in RTK Surveys. The
Remote Controller software provides a remote interface to the 4700
receiver, useful in an office or protected environment.
The Remote Controller software runs under Microsoft Windows 95,
or later, and connects to any of the three serial ports on the rear panel
of the 4700 receiver.

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Remote Controller Software E

E.1 Installing the Remote Controller Software

The Remote Controller software can be installed from floppy disk,
from CD, or from the Trimble ftp site. Refer to one of the following
sections for the installation procedure you need.

E.1.1 Installing Remote Controller From a Floppy Disk

To install the Remote Controller software from a floppy disk:
1. Insert the disk into drive A.
2. Using the Windows Explorer, browse to drive A.
3. Double-click on [Link].
4. Follow the on-screen instructions for installation of the
Remote Controller software.

E.1.2 Installing Remote Controller From a CD

To install Remote Controller from a CD:
5. Insert the disk into CD drive.
6. Using the Windows Explorer, browse to CD drive.
7. Double-click on [Link].
8. Follow the on-screen instructions for installation of the
Remote Controller software.

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E Remote Controller Software

E.1.3 Installing Remote Controller From the Internet

To install Remote Controller from the Trimble Navigation Ltd. ftp
site, go to the Internet and type in the following Internet address:
[Link]
Scroll down to a file called [Link] and download this file to a
temporary directory on your computer. [Link] is a compressed
file which contains all the necessary files for installing the Remote
Controller software. After this file is successfully downloaded to your
local hard drive, you may exit the Internet and proceed with the
following steps:
1. Browse to the temporary directory containing [Link].
2. Double-click on [Link] to expand the compressed files.
3. Close the DOS window after the file expansion is complete.
4. Double-click on [Link].
5. Follow the on-screen instructions for installation of the
Remote Controller software.

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Remote Controller Software E

E.2 Using the Remote Controller

The Remote Controller software displays a simulated front panel for
the 4700 receiver on a computer monitor, see Figur eE-1.

Figure E-1 Simulated 4700 Receiver Front Panel

With the Remote Controller software connected to a 4700 receiver, a

computer takes the place of the receiver front panel, allowing you to
move around the 4700 receiver screens with the click of a mouse.

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E Remote Controller Software

E.3 Menu Keys

The 4700 receiver display is arranged into a menu structure. On the
lower right-hand side of the keyboard are the menu keys:
[STATUS]
[SAT{{INFO]
[SESSIONS]
[CONTROL]
[LOG{{DATA]
[MODIFY]
The menu keys access different functions and controls in the 4700
receiver. They can be clicked on at any time, no matter which screen
is currently displayed. Deeper levels of the menu structure are
accessed using the softkeys.

E.4 Softkeys
The black softkeys are located on the right hand side of the simulated
4700 receiver front panel. A softkey becomes active when a menu
item appears to the left. For example, on the top level menu, there are
two softkeys: <POSITION> and <VECTOR>. Press the softkey that
corresponds to <POSITION> to go to a deeper level of the menu. The
< > symbols identify softkey choices.

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Remote Controller Software E

E.5 ALPHA Key and Carousels

[ALPHA] (just beneath [ENTER]), has a special meaning in the 4700
receiver. Whenever square brackets [ ] appear around an item on the
display, [ALPHA] can be clicked on to change the value to one of a set
of options. The square brackets indicate a carousel data entry field.
[ALPHA] is also used to page through more screen lines. Because the
simulated 4700 receiver display only has 4 lines, there are times when
additional information needs to be accessed. For example, select the
[CONTROL] menu. Four softkeys become active and the down-arrow
symbol appears in the top left corner of the screen. The down-arrow
is the visual cue that selecting [ALPHA] pages through more screen
information.

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E Remote Controller Software

E.6 Entering Data

Carousels provide a way of selecting from a limited set of options.
Choosing a port number or type of output message is performed with
the use of carousels and [ALPHA]. Some data fields involve
alphanumeric entry through the keyboard. The [CONTROL], <RTK
BASE STATION>, screen, Figu reE-2, is a good example of both
carousel data entry and alphanumeric entry:

 
  
 
     
   
   
Figure E-2 RTK Base Station Screen

The ENABLE field is a carousel and can be changed by clicking on

[ALPHA]. Once the appropriate port is selected, click on [ENTER] to
accept the selection. After clicking on [ENTER], the cursor moves to
the next entry field, ANT. HT. Use the alphanumeric keys to enter the
antenna height of the base station. Similarly, use the alphanumeric
keypad to enter the latitude, longitude and height values.
The NAME field can consist of numbers and characters. Each
alphanumeric key has a dual purpose of selecting a number or one of
three characters. Use [ALPHA] to choose between a number or letter
from the alphanumeric keypad.
Clicking on [ENTER] accepts the data field and moves the cursor to the
next input item. To accept all of the selections on the display, click on
[ENTER] at the last field. All of the data selections are ignored [CLEAR]
is selected while in a data entry screen. [CLEAR] is also used to move
back up the menu structure.
The round green left and right cursor keys, on the left of the display,
are used to move between data entry fields without changing their
values.

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Remote Controller Software E

E.7 Keyboard and Display Summary

Table E-1 gives a summary of the keyboard and display operation for
the 4700 receiver Remote Controller software.
Table E-1 .Keyboard and Display Summary

Key / Symbol Description

[ALPHA] Pages through multiple screen lines or carousel
data entry fields.
[ENTER] Accepts the changed data fields. Press [ENTER]
on the last data field to accept all changes.
[CLEAR] Returns the screen to the previous menu level
without changing the data fields.
[] Indicates a carousel data field used to select
from a limited options list.
Indicates additional screen lines are accessible
by clicking on [ALPHA].
<> Indicates a softkey.
Cursor keys The round green cursor keys on the left hand
(>) (<) side of the screen, are used to move between
items on the screen.

E.8 Remote Controller Help

The Remote Controller program has a detailed on-line help file, as
well as a documentation file to assist with questions.

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F Configuration Toolbox
Configuration Toolbox is a Windows application that provides a
graphical user interface to configure selected Trimble GPS receivers.
It is also possible to create a file, called an application file (or app
file), which contains all the receiver settings necessary for a
particular job or application.

* Note The Configuration Toolbox software is an option to the 4700

receiver and is not included in the standard configuration.
ConfigurationToolbox software version 2.0, or later, is required to
operate with the 4700 receiver.

Receiver configuration with Configuration Toolbox involves

changing the settings that control the operation of the receiver using a
predefined file. The configuration settings are stored in this
application file (*.CFG).
Configuration Toolbox lets you create and edit application files,
transfer them to and from your receiver, and manage application files
stored in the receiver. The receiver also stores two special applications
files, Defaults and Current, that represent the default and current
receiver configurations, respectively.
Application files can be stored on both your receiver and computer.
Multiple files may be maintained to represent multiple users sharing a
device and/or multiple modes of operation. Files can also be saved to
audit the operating settings of a receiver. A maximum of ten files can
be stored in the 4700 receiver. This includes two files that are always
resident in the 4700 receiver, [Link] and [Link].

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Configuration Toolbox F

F.1 Installing the Configuration Toolbox Software

The Configuration Toolbox software can be installed from floppy
disk, from CD, or from the Trimble ftp site. Refer to one of the
following sections for the installation procedure you need.

F.1.1 Installing Configuration Toolbox From a Floppy

Diskette
To install Configuration Toolbox from a floppy disk:
1. Insert the disk into drive A.
2. Using the Windows Explorer, browse to drive A.
3. Double-click on [Link].
4. Follow the on-screen instructions for installation of the
Configuration Toolbox software.

F.1.2 Installing Configuration Toolbox From a CD

To install Configuration Toolbox from a CD:
1. Insert the disk into CD drive.
2. Using the Windows Explorer, browse to CD drive.
3. Double-click on [Link].
4. Follow the on-screen instructions for installation of the
Configuration Toolbox software.

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F Configuration Toolbox

F.1.3 Installing Configuration Toolbox From the Internet

To install Configuration Toolbox from the Trimble Navigation Ltd.
ftp site, go to the Internet and type in the following Internet address:
[Link]
Scroll down to a file called [Link] and download this file to a
temporary directory on your computer. [Link] is a compressed
file which contains all the necessary files for installing the
Configuration Toolbox software. After this file is successfully
downloaded to your local hard drive, you may exit the Internet and
proceed with the following steps:
1. Browse to the temporary directory containing [Link].
2. Double-click on [Link] to expand the compressed files.
3. Close the DOS window after the file expansion is complete.
4. Double-click on [Link].
5. Follow the on-screen instructions for installation of the
Configuration Toolbox software.

F.2 Using Configuration Toolbox Software

To create and transmit an application file to the receiver, you may
proceed in several different sequences. The general flow, however,
includes the following steps:
1. Create and save the application file in Configuration Toolbox
2. Connect the receiver to the computer, apply power, and
establish communications between the receiver and computer
3. Open the desired application file in Configuration Toolbox
4. Transmit the desired application file to the receiver
5. Check the receiver to ensure the desired application file is
currently in use

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Configuration Toolbox F

F.2.1 Configuring Your 4700 Receiver Using Configuration

Toolbox
Figur eF-1 provides an example of a typical configuration file being
created.
1. Begin Configuration Toolbox by double-clicking on the
command Configuration Toolbox icon [Link].
2. Select File / New / 4700
3. Make appropriate selections for desired receiver settings (see
on-line help and the Configuration Toolbox manual for
specific questions)
4. Save the application file using File / Save As

Figure F-1 Configuration File Menu

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F Configuration Toolbox

* Note Use the same 8-character file name to save the file on the
local computer as the one specified when named in the receiver. This
name is assigned in the following ConfigurationToolbox window:

To transmit the application file to the receiver:

1. Connect computer and power the 4700 receiver.
This can be accomplished directly by using the OSMIV &
DB9 serial cable, see Figu reA-5. An alternative way is to
power the 4700 externally through one port, then connect
serial download cable (PN 32960) to a second available port,
see Figu reA-6.
2. Open the desired application file by selecting File / Open.
3. With the file open and the Configuration File dialog open,
select Communications / Transmit File.
A message appears informing you the message has been successfully
transmitted. In the event of an error, select Communications /
Transmit File again. This overrides any incompatibility in baud rates
and enable successful communication.
To check the successful transmission, close the Configuration File
dialog and select Communications / Get File. A list of all application
files in the 4700 receiver will appear. If you selected Apply
Immediately in your application file, this new file will be the current
file. To change files, select the desired file from the list and then select
Communications / Activate File.

F.2.2 Configuration Toolbox On-Line Help

Configuration Toolbox program has a detailed on-line Help file to
assist with questions.

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Configuration Toolbox F

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G Using WinFLASH
WinFLASH is a software package that communicates with Trimble
products to perform various functions, such as:
software and option upgrades
diagnostics (for example, retrieving configuration
information)
Launches CommSet radio configuration utility
On-line help is also available when using WinFLASH if additional
information is needed.

* Note WinFLASH is a 32-bit application, therefore the local

computers operating system must be Windows 95, or later, or
Windows NT. It does not run under Windows 3.1 or earlier versions of
Windows.

* Note WinFLASH is not supplied with the initial shipment of

equipment, but is included as part of firmware upgrades.

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Using WinFLASH G

G.1 Installing the WinFLASH Software

The WinFLASH software can be installed from floppy disk, from CD,
or from the Trimble ftp site. Refer to one of the following sections for
the installation procedure you need.

* Note The Trimble CommSet program is also installed as part of the

WinFLASH installation. For additional information on CommSet refer
to Appendi xH, Using the CommSet Utility.

G.1.1 Installing WinFLASH From a Floppy Diskette

To install WinFLASH from a floppy disk:
1. Insert the disk into drive A.
2. Using the Windows Explorer, browse to drive A.
3. Double-click on [Link].
4. Follow the on-screen instructions for installation of the
WinFLASH software.
A program icon is installed for future use of WinFLASH.

G.1.2 Installing WinFLASH From a CD

To install WinFLASH from a CD:
1. Insert the disk into CD drive.
2. Using the Windows Explorer, browse to CD drive.
3. Double-click on [Link].
4. Follow the on-screen instructions for installation of the
WinFLASH software.
A program icon is installed for future use of WinFLASH.

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G Using WinFLASH

G.1.3 Installing WinFLASH From the Internet

To install WinFLASH from the Trimble Navigation Ltd. ftp site, go to
the Internet and type in the following Internet address:
[Link]
Scroll down to a file called [Link] and download this file to a
temporary directory on your computer. [Link] is a
compressed file which contains all the necessary files for installing
the WinFLASH software. After this file is successfully downloaded to
your local hard drive, you may exit the Internet and proceed with the
following steps:
1. Browse to the temporary directory containing [Link].
2. Double-click on [Link] to expand the compressed
files.
3. Close the DOS window after the file expansion is complete
4. Double-click on [Link].
5. Follow the on-screen instructions for installation of the
WinFLASH software.
A program icon is installed for future use of WinFLASH.

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Using WinFLASH G

G.2 Using WinFLASH: An Example

The program uses a series of screens to guide you through the
process. An overview of the steps is described in the example below.
This example describes how to retrieve configuration data (for
example, serial number and installed options) from a 4700 receiver.

* Note For more general help, please refer to the WinFLASH on-line
help.

1. Start WinFLASH by clicking the program icon.

2. When the Device Configuration screen appears, select the
Trimble device and PC serial port the device is connected to,
and click on Next >. (for example, device = 4700 Receiver,
PC serial port = COM1).
The Operation Selection screen appears. The Operations box
lists all of the supported operations for the selected device,
and the description of each operation is shown in the
Description box.
3. Select an operation and click on Next >. (for example,
Configuration retrieval).
The Settings Revie window appears. This screen prompts
you to connect the device, suggests a connection method, and
then lists the device configuration and selected operation.
4. If all is correct, click on Finish.
Based on the selections shown above, the Configuration
Retrieval window appears and shows the status of the
operation (for example, Establishing
communication with the 4700. Please
wait) Once communication is established, the progress
bar indicates that a successful link has been established as
well as the extent of completion.

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G Using WinFLASH

Finally the Configuration Information window appears and

lists the device specific configuration information (for
example, Serial number and installed options).
5. Click on OK.
The Configuration Retrieval window appears once more and
states that the operation was completed successfully.
6. At this point click on Menu to select another operation or
click on Exit to quit WinFLASH.
7. If you click on Exit, another screen appears stating that this
selection causes WinFLASH to terminate. Click on OK to
quit WinFLASH.

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Using WinFLASH G

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H Using the CommSet

Utility
This appendix describes the functions of the CommSet program and
outlines a basic example of its use. On-line help is also available
when using CommSet if additional information is needed.

* Note CommSet is a 32-bit application, therefore the local

computer's operating system must be either Windows 95, or later, or
Windows NT. It does not run under Windows 3.1 or earlier versions.

* Note CommSet is only supplied with receivers that have internal

radio modems.

H.1 Installing the CommSet Utility

The CommSet program is typically installed during the installation of
WinFLASH, but can be installed, or updated, individually. CommSet
can also be installed from floppy disk, from CD, or from the Trimble
ftp site. Refer to one of the following sections for the installation
procedure you need.

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Using the CommSet Utility H

H.1.1 Installing CommSet From a Floppy Diskette

To install CommSet from a floppy disk:
1. Insert the disk into drive A.
2. Using the Windows Explorer, browse to drive A.
3. Double-click on [Link].
4. Follow the on-screen instructions for installation of the
CommSet software.
A program icon is installed for future use of CommSet.

H.1.2 Installing CommSet From a CD

To install CommSet from a CD:
1. Insert the disk into CD drive.
2. Using the Windows Explorer, browse to CD drive.
3. Double-click on [Link].
4. Follow the on-screen instructions for installation of the
CommSet software.
A program icon is installed for future use of CommSet.

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H Using the CommSet Utility

H.1.3 Installing CommSet From the Internet

To install CommSet from the Trimble Navigation Ltd. ftp site, go to
the Internet and type in the following Internet address:
[Link]
Scroll down to a file called [Link] and download this file to
a temporary directory on your computer. [Link] is a
compressed file which contains all the necessary files for installing
the CommSet program. After this file is successfully downloaded to
your local hard drive, you may exit the Internet and proceed with the
following steps:
1. Browse to the temporary directory containing [Link].
2. Double-click on [Link] to expand the compressed
files.
3. Close the DOS window after the file expansion is complete
4. Double-click on [Link].
5. Follow the on-screen instructions for installation of the
CommSet software.
A program icon is installed for future use of CommSet.

H.2 CommSet Overview

CommSet is a communications setup utility for configuring Trimble
radio modem products, including the internal radio on the 4700
receiver. Trimble radio modems can be configured for specific
applications or for individual job requirements (for example, selecting
the base station's preset radio modem frequency) with this program.
Configuration parameters can be modified as often as necessary, and
the configuration of a radio modem can checked without making
changes. If your radio modem is approved for firmware updates,
CommSet downloads new firmware into the radio modem.

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Using the CommSet Utility H

* Note For optimal performance, all (roving) receiver radio modems

need to know the type of radio modem used at the base station when
performing an RTK survey. The default setting is TRIMMARK II. If the
base station is using a TRIMTALK 450 or TRIMTALK 450S, use
CommSet to change the radio modem settings for each rover unit in
the (RTK) survey

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H Using the CommSet Utility

H.3 Radio Modem Configuration

The basic steps to modify or check the configuration on the Trimble
radio modem follow:
1. Connect the computer to 4700 receiver Port 2. Power on the
4700.

* Note Communication with the radio modem is accomplished only

through Port 2 of the 4700.

2. Start the CommSet utility by clicking on the program icon.

The CommSet dialog box appears, see Figur eH-1.

Figure H-1 CommSet Dialog Box

3. Make the connection between the computer and the mode

by selecting a COM port, for example COM1.
4. Make sure that the 4700 has power.

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Using the CommSet Utility H

5. Click on Connect in the CommSet dialog box.
The Connecting To Radio dialog box appears.
Completion of the connection is shown by a progress bar and
then the Radio Properties dialog box appears, see Figur eH-2.

Figure H-2 Internal Radio Properties Dialog Box

6. At the prompt To change the Trimble modems radio settings:

make selections from the drop-down boxes in lines 1 and 2,
and click on Set in line 3 to make the changes.
The Setting the Radio dialog box indicates the progress.
When complete you are returned to the CommSet dialog box.

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I Office Support Module

(OSM IV)
The OSM IV Office Support Module, P/N 20669-80, (with the AC
adapter cord, P/N 11017) is a battery charger for sealed lead-acid
batteries. It is capable of charging up to five sealed lead-acid batteries.
It also functions as a battery eliminator and provides access to serial
port data when used with the (0-shell, 7-pin) 4700 and 4800 receivers,
as well as the TSC1 controller. See FigureI- 1.

Figure I-1 OSM IV Charger and Batteries

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Office Support Module (OSM IV) I

The OSM IV accepts, without user action, any supplied AC power in
the range of 200 to 240 VAC 50 Hz. As a battery charger, the OSM IV
is capable of charging up to five sealed lead-acid batteries. A typical
example would be to charge four camcorder batteries and an external
battery connected to a Lemo receptacle on the front panel.
The OSM IV uses Lemo 0-shell 7-pin connectors furnished on the
new 4700 and 4800 receivers and the TSC1 controller.

I.1 Power Requirements

The AC power requirements are 200 to 240 VAC, 50 Hz, 0.75 Amps.
The AC power cord must mate with the international IEC connector
mounted on the OSMIV. This cord is similar to the one used on a
personal computer.
For input voltages of 200 to 240 VAC, use a UL-listed power cord,
type SVT or better, 3/18 AWG, with a UL-listed NEMA attachment
plug rated at 250 VAC, or international equivalent.

I.2 Grounding
To protect operating personnel, the OSM IV must be grounded. The
OSM IV is equipped with a three-conductor IEC connector, which,
when used with the appropriate AC cord and plugged into a proper
receptacle, grounds the charger. The AC cord used with this charger
should be a three-conductor cord with the grounding wire (green)
intact.

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I Office Support Module (OSM IV)

I.3 Environment
The range of operating temperature for the charger is 0 to 40C (32
to 104F) The range is limited by the batteries. The range of operating
temperatures for the battery eliminator is 20 to +55C (4 to
+131F). The storage temperature range is for the battery eliminator
is 20 to +70C (4 to +158F).

I Caution The OSM IV is for indoor use only, it is not waterproof.

I.4 Batteries
The OSM IV is designed to charge only 12-volt sealed lead-acid type
batteries. The slots on top of the OSM IV are intended for use with
the 2.3 Amp-hour batteries supplied with the Series 4000 receivers.
Typical charging time is 2 hours for each 2.3 Amp-hour camcorder
battery.
These batteries are frequently used for camcorders and are available
from Trimble and most video camera stores. One of the following
model numbers should appear on the battery label:
LCS2312AVBNC (Panasonic industrial)
PV-BP88 (Panasonic consumer)
MPE-BP88 (Micro Power Electronics)
CV3012 (Millennium/Gates Energy)
The external battery charging port EXT, located on the front of the
OSM IV, charges 12-volt sealed lead-acid batteries with the proper
Lemo type cable attached. These batteries are provided by Trimble
and come in capacities of 6 to 10 Amp-hours. With the proper
cabling, a fifth camcorder battery can be charged from this port.
Typical charging times are 5 hours for 6 Amp-hour batteries and 8
hours for 10 Amp-hour batteries.

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Office Support Module (OSM IV) I

M Warning Charging other types of batteries with the OSM may

cause these batteries to burst, leading to injury to persons or other
damage.

I.5 Powering the 4700 Receiver

To use the OSM IV to power the 4700 receiver, do the following:
1. Connect the AC cord to the OSM IV and a suitable AC outlet.
2. Connect the Lemo connector on the cable from the OSM IV
to Power Port 2 of the 4700 receiver. The 4700 receiver
automatically powers on when the OSM IV is connected.
Whenever the OSM IV is connected to AC power, the PWR light on
the OSM IV turns on. When the OSM IV is operated at temperatures
below 10 (+14F) or above 50 (122F), the charger charges
batteries but also continues to supply power to the 4700 receiver. In
this mode the PWR light flashes and all other lights turn off.

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I Office Support Module (OSM IV)

I.6 Charging Batteries

The charger automatically charges batteries plugged into the slots or
connected to the EXT port. Battery capacity is restored and
maintained in a manner recommended by the battery manufacturer.
Only Trimble-supplied or specified replacement batteries should be
charged in the OSM IV.
The batteries are charged in the shortest possible time. The onboard
microprocessor determines which battery requires the least amount of
charge to achieve full capacity and proceeds to bulk charge it. When
this is happening, the AMBER light associated with that battery
flashes. When the battery is fully replenished, the light associated
with that battery turns from AMBER to GREEN.
The battery connected to the EXT has the least priority. If it is being
charged when a camcorder battery requiring charge is inserted into
one of the slots, EXT charging is discontinued. The OSM IV then
directs charge towards the battery plugged into the slot.
When batteries are inserted into the slots while a battery is being
charged, a capacity test is performed. This test takes about 1 minute.
Status is indicated by the OSM IV indicator lights. The GREEN light
comes on if the battery is fully charged. The AMBER light comes on
if the battery requires replenishing. The battery is then put in the
queue to be bulk charged. The AMBER light comes on immediately
when the battery is first plugged in.

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Office Support Module (OSM IV) I

I.7 Status Indicator Definitions

The charging slots are numbered from the front of the charger to the
back. Slot 1 is closest to the front, near the status indicators. Slot 4 is
closest to the rear, near the AC connector.
If the AMBER light for a given charging slot is on, this indicates a
battery is in the queue waiting to be charged. When an AMBER light
is flashing, this indicates a battery is being charged. When a GREEN
light is on this is an indication that the battery is fully charged and is
being floated, or, in other words, topped up to retain maximum
charge. Cycling between AMBER and GREEN indicates an
imperfect battery. It is possible that, if left in this mode, the battery
may be reconditioned to a point of accepting bulk charge. It may,
however, be beyond reconditioning and replacement may be
necessary.

I.8 Data I/O Port

This port allows connection between a computing device with an RS-
232 port and the 4700 receiver connected to the Lemo connector on
the OSM IV. This provides convenient power and communication in
the office.

I.9 Deep Discharged Batteries

The charger can accommodate deep discharged batteries. To protect
internal circuits and the battery, the charger limits the charging
current to the battery until enough charge has been restored before
bulk charging begins. The status lights do not acknowledge a battery
plugged in until the battery has a voltage of at least 10.2V.

M Warning There are no user-serviceable parts in this charger.

Dangerous voltages, capable of causing injury or death, are present
inside this charger. Do not remove the cover.

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J Troubleshooting
This appendix contains information about troubleshooting the 4700
receiver. If you have trouble using the 4700 receiver, check T ableJ-1
to see if the symptom is described and try using the solution to correct
it.

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Troubleshooting J
Table J-1 4700 Receiver Troubleshooting

Symptom Possible Cause Solution

Receiver does External power source Replace or recharge the external
not turn on. batteries are low. batteries. (See Charging the
Batteries, pag e2-16.)
External power source Check external power source cable,
cable not connected make sure both ends are securely
properly or faulty. inserted. Check any in-line fuses.
Receiver does Insufficient memory to Use the GPLoad or Remote
not log data. log current session. (Fast Controller to delete old session files
blinking yellow LED.) from memory.
Receiver cannot track 4 Check survey mark location for
or more SVs. (Fast obstructions, trees, buildings,
blinking red LED.) towers.
Check antenna connection.
Receiver Receiver needs to be Remove all power.
locked up. reset. Reconnect and cycle power.
Level 1
Receiver needs to be Hold button down for 15 seconds at
reset. power-up. This resets the battery-
backed memory. Stored survey data
Level 2
is not lost.
Receiver needs to be Hold button down for 60 seconds at
reset. power-up. All stored survey data is
Level 3 deleted from memory.

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Index
Numerics B
1 PPS time strobe and time tag Back In the Office 5-1
7-pin AUX port D-2 back up data 2-19, 5-5
1 pulse/second (1 PPS) time s t r oD-9
b Base 1 FastStatic Data Logging
10 AH battery A-11 Session 1-17
4700 receive 2-2 Base 3 FastStatic Data Logging
applicatio n 2-3 Session 1-17
connecti o n6-5 base station or survey mark na m 4-5
control pane 2-4 baseline observation technique 1-6
indicator LED functio n 2-7 baseline observations 4-14
6 AH battery A-10 baseline results
view 5-5
batteries
A charging 2-16
accurac y2-3 battery modu l 2-14
adjust the networ 5-6
advantages
C
GPS surveying techni q u 1-4e
ALPHA ke yE-6 Cable
alphanumeric keys E-7 Antenna D-10
analyzing the results of processin 5-1 care and use 2-22
Antenna Cable Options 2-11 cautions xxiii
applicatio n 2-3 charging the batteries 2-16
audienc xvii check in and verify field informati o 5-
autonomous reference stati o 2-3 4
AUX connecto xviii CLEAR ke yE-7
clearing RAM and file system 2-20
COCOM limits 2-23

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Index

CommSet standard configuration 2-18, 5-3

example H-5 data logging/memory 2-5
using H-1 DC power inp u 2-14
compact L1/L2 anten n 2-11, A-12 default operating paramete r 2-20, 2-21
Connecting the Antenna 6-6, 6-12 deleting file 2-19
Connecting the Data Collector 6-14 design of GPS surv ey 1-8
Connecting the Power 6-8, 6-13 disclaimer of warranty iii
Connecting the Radio 6-7, 6-13 document convention xxii
Connecting to the 4700 Base Receiver DoD 1-1
Ports 6-5 download data 5-2
Connecting to the 4700 Rover Receiver download field data
Ports 6-12 preparation A-8
connectors dual-frequency option
power ports 2-10 static surve y4-3
serial port 2-10
continuous kinematic segment 6-1
control network 1-16 E
control pane 2-4 elevation mask 1-2
control surveyin 4-1 ENTER ke E-6
description 4-3 environmental factors 1-3
required equipment and equipment and software required 4-16
software 4-8 external battery pac 2-14
conventional tripod setup external power options A-10
optional items A-2 10 AH battery A-11
required item A-1 6 AH batter A-10
copyrights ii external power sources 2-14
create project report 5-6 other Trimble options A-11
cycle slips 1-13 extra control points 3-3
cycleslips 4-4

F
D
FastStatic data collection 1-16
data FastStatic survey 2-3
back up 2-19, 5-5 point occupation time 4-15
download 2-18 FastStatic surveying 1-13, 4-3, 4-4
management 2-17 metho d 4-8
data download

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Index

minimum observation times 4-15 project management option 3-4

precision 4-8 Quick Plan /Plan 3-5
required equipment and software 3-4
software 4-8 GPSurvey softwar 1-5, 1-12
FastStatic using a TSCI Handh e l1-14 open a project 5-2
FastStatic vs. Kinematic 1-15 groundplan A-13
FastStatic vs. Static 1-13
field data collection pro c e d u4-1
r e
file system H
clearing 2-20 hardware and software requirements 2-
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) site xx 20
files height of unit
deleting 2-19 measuring 4-5
fixed-height tripod 4-7
Four Serial Port Optio D-2
[Link] xx I
icons
G serial port 2-9
input pow e 2-14
General Operation 2-1 installation
geodetic applicatio n A-13 as a RTK Rover 6-9
GPLoad software 5-2 as an RTK Base Receiver 6-4
GPS Installing WinFLAS G-2, H-1
baselines 1-4 interference 2-22
positioning accuracy 1-1 internal processo 2-5
GPS antenn a 2-3
GPS date co d 2-17
GPS survey K
networks 1-7
projec xviii, 4-1 kinematic GPS 1-5
GPS surveying kinematic procedure 3-3
concept 1-1 Kinematic surveying 2-3, 6-1
methods 1-6 metho d xviii, 6-1
GPSurve y4-8
data check-in program 5-4
download data 5-2
processing environment 3-4

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Index

L N
L1 and L2 frequencies 2-2 NAD-83 coordinat e 4-14
land survey applications 2-2 network design 3-1, 3-3
LEDs new project database 3-4
functio n 2-7 NMEA-0183 messages xviii, C-1
limitation of liabili t iii NMEA-0183 output C-1
limited warranty message element C-1
firmware iv supported messa g eC-3
hardware iv notes xxiii
software iv number of visible satellites 1-2
locating the receive 4-10
logging r a t1-3
loose camcorder batteri e A-10 O
low power input indicatio 2-7 observation 4-13
observation times
FastStatic surveying 4-15
M
Office Support Module 2 (OSM2) 2-14,
making an observation 4-13 A-10
measuring One pulse/second (1 PPS) ou t p xviii
u
antenna heig h 4-6 on-the-fly (OTF) ambiguity
unit height 4-5 resolution 1-6
measuring unit heig h 4-5 on-the-fly initialization 2-3
menu keys E-5 open a project 5-2
CONTRO E-5 operating
LOG DAT AE-5 controls 2-4
MODIF E-5 parameters 2-21
SAT INFO E-5 temperature 2-22
SESSION E-5 optical plumme 4-10, 4-17
STATUS E-5 organizatio xviii
Microsoft Windows 2-3 other information xx
multi-bit signal recepti o 2-3
multipath
effects A-13 P
PDO 4-4
Plan utility 5-2
postprocessed

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Index

data 5-1 Real Time Kinematic 1-4

example 1-16 Real Time Kinematic (RTK) surveying
surveys 1-5, 1-11 description 6-2
postprocessing GPS survey da t 5-1 Real-Time Kinematic surveys 1-5
power management 2-12 reference receiver 4-14
power in 2-12 related information xix
power out 2-13 release notes xix
power ON/OFF butto 2-4 release notice iii
power up and initialization 2-5 Remote Controller software 2-3
preparation 3-2 ALPHA ke yE-6
preparing to download field da t A-8 alphanumeric ke y E-7
Pre-Survey Plannin 3-1 carousels E-6
printout CLEAR ke yE-7
NMEA-183 C-1 ENTER ke yE-6
private property owner 3-3 entering da t E-7
process the baselines 5-5 front panel emulation E-1
project keyboard and display summa r E-
open 5-2 8
project managemen 3-4 menu keys E-5
project reports softkeys E-5
create 5-6 Remote Controller Software Users
Guide E-1
restarting survey after power-dow 2-15
Q RF interference 1-13
Quick Plan 1-12, 4-16 rovers
survey receiver 4-14
roving uni 2-3
R RS-232 port 2-2
RTK 1-4
radial arm survey 1-15 Base Receive 6-4
Radio Link Options 2-12 base station 6-4
RAM dual frequency surveys 2-11, A-
clearing 2-20 12
rangepole setup survey 1-2
optional items A-5 surveys 2-3
required item A-5 RTK base station 6-4
reader comment fo r xxii, 1 RTK rover

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Index

options 6-4 site reconnaissanc 3-1, 3-3

RTK survey 6-3 skyplot 3-5
softkeys E-5
software
S Remote Controller E-1
sample field survey using combined software and hardware requirements 2-
techniques 1-16 20
sample network 1-8 Specials Department 2-12
satellite availability 4-16 Specificati o nB-1
check using Quick Plan / Pl a 3-5 standard configuration
satellite azimu t 3-5 data download 2-18, 5-3
satellite geometry 1-2 Static survey
satellite measurements 5-2 times and distances 4-17
satellite-based positioning sy s t e1-1 Static Surveying 1-11
scop xvii Static surveying 2-3
Serial port static surveyin 4-3, 4-16
Pinouts D-2 equipment and software
serial port require 4-16
pinouts 2-10 metho d 4-16
serial port 2-8 station identifi e r5-4
icons 2-9 station name 5-4
session sequence number 2-17 stationary occupati o n6-1
session timer 2-5 strengthening network geomet r 3-2
setting up a rangep o l4-11 successful control survey campaign 3-3
setting up the equipment and running the Super-trak technology 2-3
survey 4-8, 4-17 Survey Controller firmwar 2-3
signal multipath 1-4 survey mark 4-10, 4-17
Simulated 4700 Receiver Front Panel E- survey mark or base station na m 4-5
4 survey planning 3-1, 3-4
simultaneous observations 1-13, 4-4 survey project
single base receiver 2-12 planning xviii, 3-1
single button operation 2-2 surveys
single frequency receive 1-12 postprocessed 1-5
single frequency static surveys 1-12 system defaults 2-21
single-frequenc
static surve y4-3
Site Consideratio n 6-4, 6-10

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Index

T U
TAC xxi U.S. Department of Commerc 2-23
technical assistance xxi U.S. Department of Defense 1-1
Technical Assistance Center unit serial number 2-17, 4-5
TAC xxi update notes xx
Time Tag Relation to 1 PPS Wave use and car 2-22
Form D-9 Using CommSet H-1
time tags example H-5
with 1 pulse/second out p uxviii Using WinFLAS G-1
tips xxiii example G-4
tracking session fil 2-17
trademarks iii
tribrach V
adapter 4-13 view the baseline results 5-5
Trimble backpac 2-3
TRIMNET Plus network adjustment
progra 5-6 W
TRIMTALK 450 2-12
TRIMTALK 900 2-12 warning xxiii
TRIMTALK radio 2-3 WAVE software
tripod Weighted Ambiguity Vector
fixed-height 4-7 Estimator 5-5
optical plumme 4-10, 4-17 WGS-84 5-6
tribrac 4-10, 4-17 WGS-84 coordinates 4-14
Troubleshooting H-1, J-1 WinFLASH
unit does not turn on J-2 example G-4
TSC1 handheld 1-14 installing G-2, H-1
types of control survey using G-1
static surveyin 4-3 World Wide Web (WWW) site xx
typical configuration [Link] xx
using 4800 for Static or FastStatic [Link]/support/
with conventional tripod support. h t xx
setup A-3
typical configuratio n A-1
Typical Setup Using A 4700 Receive 4- Z
9 ZDA

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Index

UTC day, month, and year, and

local time zone offse C-13

Index-8 4700 Receiver Operation Manual

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Reader Comment Form

4700 Receiver Operation Manual December 1998
P/N 36238-00 Revision B

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[Link] Page 2 Tuesday, December 21, 1999 11:26 AM