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Solutions for Quadratic, Cubic, Quartic Equations

The document provides step-by-step solutions for quadratic, cubic, and quartic polynomial equations. It gives the general formulas for solving each type of equation, then works through examples providing all intermediate calculations. The roots of the quadratic example are 1 and -5. The cubic example provides roots of 4, -3, and 1 when its discriminant is greater than 0.

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mukhlesh
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13 views6 pages

Solutions for Quadratic, Cubic, Quartic Equations

The document provides step-by-step solutions for quadratic, cubic, and quartic polynomial equations. It gives the general formulas for solving each type of equation, then works through examples providing all intermediate calculations. The roots of the quadratic example are 1 and -5. The cubic example provides roots of 4, -3, and 1 when its discriminant is greater than 0.

Uploaded by

mukhlesh
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as XLSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Quadratic Equation (2nd Degree Polynomial) Solution:

a*(x^2) + b*(x) + c = 0

Input Equation Coefficients:


a= 2.0000
b= 8.0000
c= -10.0000

Roots of Quadratic Equation:


x1 = 1.0000 = (-b+SQRT(b^2-4*a*c))/(2*a)
x2 = -5.0000 = (-b-SQRT(b^2-4*a*c))/(2*a)
Cubic Equation (3rd Degree Polynomial) Solution:
a*(x^3) + b*(x^2) + c*(x) + d = 0

Input Equation Coefficients:


a= 2.0000
b= -4.0000
c= -22.0000
d= 24.0000

Solve Cubic Equation:


f= -12.333 = ((3*c/a)-(b^2/a^2))/3
g= 4.074 = ((2*b^3/a^3)-(9*b*c/a^2)+(27*d/a))/27
h= -65.333 = (g^2/4)+(f^3/27)
i= 8.336 = SQRT((g^2/4)-h)
j= 2.028 = i^(1/3)
k= 1.818 = ACOS(-(g/(2*i)))
L= -2.028 = j*(-1)
M= 0.822 = COS(k/3)
N= 0.986 = SQRT(3)*SIN(k/3)
P= 0.667 = (b/(3*a))*(-1)
R= N.A. = -(g/2)+SQRT(h)
S= N.A. = R^(1/3)
T= N.A. = -(g/2)-SQRT(h)
U= N.A. = T^(1/3)

Roots of Cubic Equation:


Case #1: If h > 0 Case #2: If h <= 0 Case #3: If f, g, h = 0
x1 = N.A. 4.0000 N.A. = 2*j*COS(k/3)-(b/(3*a))
x2 = N.A. -3.0000 N.A. = L*(M+N)+P
x3 = N.A. 1.0000 N.A. = L*(M-N)+P
Quartic Equation (4th Degree Polynomial) Solution:
a*(x^4) + b*(x^3) + c*(x^2) + d*(x) + e = 0

Input Equation Coefficients: Modified Coefficients (dividing each by 'a'):


a= 1.0000 ao = 1.0000 = a/a
b= 5.0000 bo = 5.0000 = b/a
c= 7.0000 co = 7.0000 = c/a
d= 3.0000 do = 3.0000 = d/a
e= -3.0000 eo = -3.0000 = e/a

f= -2.375 = co-(3*bo^2/8)
g= 1.125 = do+(bo^3/8)-(bo*co/2)
h= -3.137 = eo-(3*bo^4/256)+(bo^2*co/16)-(bo*do/4)
Substitute 'f', 'g', and 'h' into following Cubic Equation:
(y^3) + (f/2)*(y^2) + ((f^2-4*h)/16*y - g^2/64 = 0
a1 = 1.000 =1
b1 = -1.188 = (f/2)
c1 = 1.137 = ((f^2-4*h)/16
d1 = -0.020 = -(g^2/64)
Solve Cubic Equation:
f1 = 0.667 = ((3*c1/a1)-(b1^2/a1^2))/3
g1 = 0.306 = ((2*b1^3/a1^3)-(9*b1*c1/a1^2)+(27*d1/a1))/27
h1 = 0.034 = (g1^2/4)+(f1^3/27)
i= N.A. = SQRT((g1^2/4)-h1)
j= N.A. = i^(1/3)
k= N.A. = ACOS(-(g1/(2*i)))
L= N.A. = j*(-1)
M= N.A. = COS(k/3)
N= N.A. = SQRT(3)*SIN(k/3)
P= N.A. = (b1/(3*a1))*(-1)
R= 0.032 = -(g1/2)+SQRT(h1)
S= 0.319 = R^(1/3)
T= -0.339 = -(g1/2)-SQRT(h1)
U= -0.697 = T^(1/3)
Roots of Cubic Equation:
Case #1: If h1 > 0 Case #2: If h1 <= 0 Case #3: If f1, g1, h1 = 0
y1 = 0.0177 N.A. N.A. = (S+U)-(b/(3*a1))
y2 = 0.5849 0.8797 N.A. N.A. = Imaginary!
y3 = 0.5849 -0.8797 N.A. N.A. = Imaginary!

p= 0.9059 0.4855 = SQRT(y1) =Imaginary!


q= 0.9059 -0.4855 = SQRT(y2) =Imaginary!
r= -0.1331 = -g/(8*p*q)
s= 1.2500 = b/(4*a)

Roots of Quartic Equation:


x1 = 0.4287 = p+q+r-s
x2 = -1.1169 0.9711 = p-q-r-s =Imaginary!
x3 = -1.1169 -0.9711 = -p+q-r-s =Imaginary!
x4 = -3.1949 = -p-q+r-s

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