DESIGN OF COLUMN

Maximum load = 33.25t Grade of concrete M25 = 25N/mm2

Mx = 15.39t Grade of steel Fe415 = 415N/mm2
Mz = 21.2t
Length of column = 4.5m

Assuming 600mm x 600mm size column 1.5% steel

Axial load carrying capacity

Puz = 0.45fck Ac + 0.75fyAsc
= 0.45x25(600^2-0.015x600^2)+0.75x415x0.015x600^2
= 5670000N
= 578.34t

Minimum eccentricity as per clause 24.4 of IS-456

= L D
+
500 30
= 0.029m

Moment due to this minimum eccentricity = 0.029m x 33.25t

= 0.96t-m

Comparing this moment with actual moments,the moment due to eccentricity is

very less and this moment is not considered for design.

Assuming dia of reinforcement as 25mm & 40mm clear cover.

d' = 40+25/2
= 52.5mm
d'/D = 52.5/600
= 0.0875

Pu = 33.25x10000/25x600x600
fckbD
= 0.04

p/fck = 1.5/25
= 0.06

From chart 32, of SP-16,

Mu = 0.1
fckbD2

Mux1 = Muz1= 0.1x25x600x600^2

= 540000000 Nmm
= 55.1t-m
 Pu = 0.06 < 0.2
Puz

Hence as per clause 38.6 of IS456, an

(Mu/Mux1)an + (Mu/Muz1)an = 15.39/55.08 + 21.2/55.08

= 0.66 < 1

Safe

% of steel required = 1.5

Area of steel = (1.5/100)x600x600

= 5400mm2

Hence provide 8- 25mm

Pitch & diameter of lateral ties (Ref IS456,clause 25.5.3.2c)

1 Diameter shall not be lesser than

(I) 1/4x25 =6.25
(ii) 5mm

2 Pitch shall not exceed

(I) 450mm
(ii) 16db =16x25 = 400mm
(iii) 48dt =48x8 = 384mm

Provide g 8 lateral ties @ 300mm c/c

0.015x600^2
 DESIGN OF BEAM

Grade of concrete = 25N/mm2 Grade of steel = 415N/mm2

Loads on floor slab

a) Dead load
(I) Self weight (200mm thick slab) = 0.2x2.5
= 0.5t/m2
(ii) Floor finish = 0.04x2.5
= 0.1t/m2
Total = 0.6t/m2
b) Live load = 1.0t/m2

Loads on Roof slab

a) Dead load
(I) Self weight of slab(15cm thick) = 0.15x2.5
= 0.375t/m2
(ii) Roof finishings & W.C = 0.015x2.5
0.04t/m2
(iii) Bitumen W/P layers = 0.014t/m2
(iv) Light weight EPS blocks with 0.09t/m2
=
sea gravel finish
Total = 0.52t/m2
b) Live load = 0.75t/m2

Calculation for design of beams

From the member force envelope of STAAD,the moments and

shear forces at the supports as well as the span are available

Maximum support moment at left end = 26.66t-m

Maximum support moment at right end = 21.43t-m
Maximum span moment = -16.30t-m
Maximum shear force at support = 20.46t

Therefore the beam is designed for a support moment of 26.66t-m

and span moment of -16.30t-m and a shear force of 20.46t

Assuming Beam size 300mm x 750mm

Assuming g 25mm rods,
Effective Depth d = 750-25-25/2
= 712.5mm
For Support moment ,

Mu =(26.66x9.81x1000000)/(300x712.5^2)
bd2
= 1.72
Referring SP-16,
% Of steel required = 0.522

Therefore area of steel required = (0.522/100)x300x712.5

= 1116mm2
As per clause [Link] of IS456,
Maximum Reinforcement = 0.85bd
fy
= 438mm2 <1115.775
Hence Provide 3Nos.g 25mm as top reinforcement.

For Span moment,

Mu = (-16.3x9.81x1000000)/(300x712.5^2)
bd2
= 1.05
From SP-16,
Percentage of steel required = 0.307
Area of reinforcement = 0.307x(300/100)x712.5
= 656mm2 > 438mm2

Hence Provide 3Nos.g 20mm as bottom reinforcement

Shear Reinforcement :
Actual percentage of steel provided at the support
=

Nominal shear stress tv = V

bd
= (20.46x9.81x1000)/(300x712.5)
= 0.94N/mm2
Permissible shear stress in concrete for 0.69% steel,

tc = 0.551

Therefore shear force for the reinforcement to be provided,

= (0.94-0.551)x300x712.5
Vs = 83149N
Considering g 8mm stirrups, and 3 legged
Area of shear reinforcement = 3x(3.14/4)x8^2
= 151mm2

Spacing (Sv) = 0.87fyAsvd

Vs
= 467mm
As per Clause [Link] of IS 456
Maximum spacing = 0.75x712.5
= 534mm
As per Clause [Link] of IS 456
Maximum spacing = 0.87fyAsv
0.4b
= (0.87x415x151)/0.4x300
= 454mm
Hence provide g 8mm 3 legged stirrups @ 300mm c/c as stirrups
 DESIGN OF STAIR CASE

Since both flights are almost similar,only first flight is designed and the same
detailing is done for the second flight also.
Grade of concrete = 25N/mm2 Size of tread = 0.25
Length of waist slab = 1.275m Size of rise = 0.185
Slab thickness = 200mm Slope of the stair = 36.5

Loads on waist slab

Dead load
Due to waist slab = 1.275x0.2x2.5
cos36.5
= 0.790t/m

Due to steps = 0.25x0.185x1.275x2.5/(2x0.25)

= 0.290t/m

Floor Finish = 0.04x1.275x2.5

cos36.5
= 0.16t/m
Live Load = 0.5x1.275
= 0.64t/m
Total load = 0.79+0.29+0.16+0.64
= 1.88t/m

Loads on landing slab

Dead load
Due to self weight = 0.2x2.5x1.275
= 0.64t/m
Floor Finish = 0.04x1.275x2.5
= 0.13t/m
Live load = 0.5x1.275
0.64t/m
Total Load = 0.64+0.1275+0.64
= 1.41t/m

RB x 4.6 = 1.88x3.35^2/2+1.41x1.25x(3.35+1.25/2)
RB = 3.82t
RA + RB = 1.88x3.35+1.41x1.25
= 8.06t
RA = 8.06-3.82
= 4.24t
Let 'X' to the distance of the point of '0' shear force from left support.
0 = 4.24-1.88X
X= 2.26m
At this point, bending moment (Max:BM) = 4.24x2.26-1.88x2.26^2/2
= 4.8t-m
Hence maximum factored bending moment= 1.5x4.78
= 7.2t-m
Maximum factored shear force = 4.24x1.5
= 6.36t
Assuming g 12mm rods,effective depth d = 200-15-12/2
 = 179mm

Mu = 7.17x9.81x1000000
bd2 1275x179^2
= 1.72
Referring SP - 16, percentage of steel required = 0.52

Area of steel =
(0.52/100)x1000x179
= 931mm2
Hence provide g 12 @ 120mm c/c(12Nos.)

Load calculation for Tertiary beams at first floor level

TO BE ENTERED

Design for beam supporting staircase

Support reaction of staircase flights = 3.83t

Hence,uniformly distributed load on = 3.83/1.275
the beam due to staircase
= 3.0t/m
Self weight of the beams = 0.3x0.45x2.5
(Assuming 300mm x 450mm size)
= 0.3t/m
Total factored load = (3+0.34)x1.5
= 5.0t/m
Maximum factored bending moment = 5.01x3^2/8
= 5.6t-m

Maximum factored shear force = 5.01x3/2

= 7.5t
Effective depth = 450-25-16/2
= 417mm

Mu = 5.64x9.81x1000000
bd2 300x417^2

= 1.06
From table 3 of SP-16,
Percentage of steel provided = 0.31

Area of steel required = (0.31/100)x300x417

= 388mm2

Hence provide 3 nos. g 16mm at bottom as main bars.

Percentage of steel provided = ((3x3.14/4)x16^2/300x417)x100

= 0.48%
 tc = 0.482N/mm2

tv = (7.52x9.81x1000)/(300x417)
= 0.59N/mm2

Hence design shear force Vu = (0.59-0.482)x300x417

= 13511N

Spacing of g 8mm 2 Legged ,stirrups

= 0.87fyAsvd
Vu
= (0.87x415x(2x3.14x8^2/4)x417)/13511
= 1120mm
Only minimum stirrups are required
Hence provide 2L-g8 stirrups @ 300 mm c/c
NTERED
 DESIGN OF ONEWAY SLAB
Grade of concrete = 25N/mm2 Grade of steel = 415N/mm2

Size of slab = 3.2m x 7.335m

Assume overall depth = 130mm
Wall thickness = 230mm
Effective cover = 15+5= 20mm
Effective depth of slab = 110mm
Effective span of slab = Clear span + Effective depth
Shorter clear span Lx = 3.2-0.23 = 2.97m
Longer clear span Ly = 7.335-0.23 = 7.105m

Ratio Ly/Lx = 7.105/2.97

= 2.39 >2

Hence it is a One way slab

Load calculations:
Self weight of slab = 0.13x25 = 3.25kN/m2
Floor finish in slab = 1.50kN/m2
Total dead load = 4.75kN/m2
Live load = 5kN/m2

Ratio of LL/DL = 5/4.75

= 1.05 > 0.75
Factored dead load = 1.5x4.75 = 7.125kN/m2
Factored live load = 1.5x5 = 7.50kN/m2

Effective span of slab:

a)Effective span = 2.97+0.11 = 3.08m
b)Effective span = 2.97+0.23 = 3.20m

Therefore Effective span of the slab = 3.08m

Total span dead load =7.125x3.08 = 21.95kN/m

Total span live load =7.5x3.08 = 23.10kN/m

Bending moment calculations:

a)Near middle of End span:
Due to Dead load = (1/12)x21.95x3.08
= 5.63kN-m
Due to Live load = (1/10)x23.1x3.08
= 7.11kN-m
Total moment = 12.74kN-m

b)At Middle of Interior span :

Due to Dead load = (1/24)x21.95x3.08
= 2.82kN-m
Due to Live load = (1/12)x23.1x3.08
= 5.93kN-m
Total moment = 8.75kN-m
c)At support next to End suppoort:
Due to Dead load = (-1/10)x21.95x3.08
= -6.76kN-m
Due to Live load = (-1/9)x23.1x3.08
= -7.91kN-m
Total moment = 14.67kN-m

d)At other interior supports :

Due to Dead load = (-1/12)x21.95x3.08
= -5.63kN-m
Due to Live load = (-1/9)x23.1x3.08
= -7.91kN-m
Total moment = 13.54kN-m

Check for Depth :

d= M = 14.67x1000000
0.138 x fck x b 0.138x25x1000

= 65.2mm

The depth assumed 110mm is greater ,so safe

Check for Shear :

Shear force (v) = (7.125+7.5)x3.08/2

= 22.52kN

Shear stress (tc) = v/bd

= 0.20N/mm2

tc minimum for M25 concrete as per IS 456 in table-3 = 0.36N/mm2 >0.2N/mm2,Hence safe

Area of Steel required :

(Considering at shorter span)

At support:

Negative moment at support

M = 14670000
bd2 1000x110^2
= 1.21
For M/bd2=1.21 ;Percentage of steel required from table - 2 of SP-16= 0.365

Therefore Ast = (0.365x1000x110)/100

= 401.5mm2

From table - 96 of SP16,

Provide 8mm bars @ 125mm c/c at support.
Check for maximum spacing;
Maximum spacing = 3 x Effective depth.
= 330mm or 450mm Whichever is lesser.
> 125mm safe
At Mid span:
Positive moment at mid span
M =
12740000
bd2 1000x110^2
= 1.05
For M/bd2=1.05 ;Percentage of steel required from table - 2 of SP-16= 0.311

Therefore Ast = (0.311x1000x110)/100

= 342.1mm2

From table - 96 of SP16,

Provide 8mm bars @ 140mm c/c at support.

Check for maximum spacing;

Maximum spacing = 3 x Effective depth.
= 330mm or 450mm Whichever is lesser.
> 140mm safe

Secondary steel :
Provide minimum 0.12% of steel reinforcement as per table 13 of IS:456-1978

As = (0.12x1000x110)/100
= 132mm2
Therefore Provide 8mm dia @ 300mm c/c as Distribution steel.

Check for Deflection :

Percentage of reinforcement = 0.311
Modification factor for the percentage of reinforcement = 0.311 From fig 3 of IS456 =

Allowable deflection = 1.46x20

= 29.2mm
Actual deflection = Actual span/Effective depth
= 29.1mm

The slab is safe against Deflection

2,Hence safe
1.46
 DESIGN OF TWO WAY SLAB
Two adjacent edges are discontinuous

Grade of concrete = 30N/mm2 Grade of steel = 415N/mm2

Size of the slab = 6.0m x 3.290m

Wall thickness = 230mm
Assume overall depth of slab = 100
Effective cover of slab 15+10/2 = 20
Effective depth of slab = 80
Effective span of slab = Clear span + Effective depth
Shorter clear span = 3.29-0.23 = 3.060m
Effective span of slab = 3.06+0.08 = 3.140m

Load calculation :
Self weight of slab = 0.1x30 = 2.50kN/m2
Floor finish in slab = 0.00kN/m2
Live load = 18kN/m2
Total load = 20.50kN/m2

Load considered for design = 1.5x20.5

= 30.75kN/m2
Considering 1m width of slab = 30.75kN/m

Bending Moment calculation :

Bending Moment calculation
Shorter span moment Mx = ax * w * Lx
Longer span moment My = a y * w * Lx
Ly / Lx = 5.97/3.29
= = 1.81 <2
1.96 < 2 Hence, it is a two way slab
Referring to table 22 of IS 456-1978
The Bending moment coeffiecients are,

1) Positive Moment at mid span ax = 0.069 ay = 0.035

2) Negative Moment at support ax = 0.091 ay = 0.047

Bending Moment at shorter span

Positive moment at mid span
M = ax WLx
2

= 0.069x30.75x3.14^2
= 20.92kN-m
Negative moment at support
M = ax WLx
2

= 0.091x30.75x3.14^2
= 27.59kN-m

Bending Moment at Longer span

Positive moment at mid span
M = ay WLx
2
 = 0.035x30.75x3.14^2
= 10.61kN-m

Negative moment at support

M = ay WLx
2

= 0.047x30.75x3.14^2
= 14.25kN-m

Check for Depth :

M max = 0.138 * fck * b * d

d= 27.59x1000000
0.138x30x1000
= 82mm
The depth assumed 80mm is lesser,so unsafe

Area of Steel required :

(Considering at shorter span)

At support :

Negative Moment at support

M = 27590000
bd2 1000x80^2
= 4.31
Percentage of steel required from table 2 of SP16

For M/bd2 = 4.31 pt = 0.324

Ast = pt x bd/100
= 0.324x1000x80/100
= 259.2mm2
From table 96 of SP16, Provide 8mm dia bars @ 140mm
Check for spacing
Maximum spacing = 3 * Effective depth or 450mm Whichever is less
= 240mm >140safe
At mid span :

Positive Moment at mid span = M/bd2 = 20.92x1000000/1000x80^2

= 3.269
Percentage of steel required from table 2 of SP16

For M/bd2 = 3.269 pt = 0.24

Ast = pt x bd/100
= 0.24x1000x80/100
= 192mm2
From table 96 of SP16, Provide 8mm dia bars @ 160mm
Check for spacing
Maximum spacing = 3 * Effective depth or 450mm Whichever is less
= 240mm >160safe
Check for Shear :
Maximum Shear V = 0.6x3.29x30.75
= 60.70kN

Shear stress v = V/bd

= 60.7x1000/1000x80
= 0.76N/mm2 > 0.36N/mm2 unsafe

Check for Deflection:

Actual span to depth ratio

Area of steel provided pt= 0.24

Modification Factor = 1.6 from fig of IS 456-1978
Allowable Deflection = 1.6x20
= 32mm
Actual deflection = 3.29x1000/80
= 41.1mm
> 32mm
Unsafe
DESIGN OF ISOLATED FOOTING
Length of footing = 3.50m
Width of footing = 2.50m
Thickness of footing = 0.90m
Effective depth = 0.82m
Depth of footing below FGL = 3.7m
Net bearing capacity = 50t/m2
Depth of footing below NGL = 2.70m
Density of soil = 1.8t/m3
Column Size
Length 0.75m
Width 0.45m
Grade of concrete M20
Grade of steel Fe415
Gross bearing pressure 50+(2.7x1.8)
= 54.9t/m2

Load from Staad analysis

Fx = Mx =
Fy = Mz =
Fz =

Load
Axial load from column =
Weight of soil above footing =
Weight of footing =