RESIDENTIAL TOWNHOUSE
STRUCTURAL DESIGN COMPUTATIONS
1
STRUCTURAL DESIGN COMPUTATIONS
1.0 Design Consideration
1.1 Materials
Concrete, fc: 20 mPa
Reinforcing Rebars: Grade 275
Steel, fy : 248 mPa
Wood, Tanguile: 80% Stress Grade
1.2 Design Loads
1.2.1 Dead Loads
Roofing: 96 N/m
Wood: 36 lbs/ft
Ceiling: 240 Pa
6 CHB: 2.45 kPa
4 CHB: 2.11 kPa
Concrete: 24.5 kN/m
1.2.2 Live Load
Roof Load: 580 Pa
Wind Load: 1.44 kPa
Floor Load: 1.92 kPa
1.2.3 Earthquake Loads
Zone No. : 4
K: 0.67
C: 0.12
1.3 References
1.3.1 National Structural Code of the Philippines
1.3.2 Structural Design Data and Specifications
2.0 Slab Design, 2S-1 (Two Way)
DL: 480 Pa fy: 275 mpa
LL: 1.92 kPa fc: 20 mPa
L. Span: 4.50 m Cc: 25 mm
S. Span: 2.50 m dia: 10 mm
tmin = 2(LS + SS)/180
tmin = 77.78 mm Use t = 100 mm
Slab Wt. = 24 (1000 x t)
Slab Wr. = 2400 Pa
2
Total DL = 28800 Pa
Wu = 1.4DL + 1.7LL
Wu = 7296 Pa
Assume p = 0.01 Rebar Area = d/4
q= p fy/fc = 78.50 sq. mm.
q= 0.1375
Dss= t Cc dia.
Ru = fcq (1-0.59q) dss = 70 mm
Ru = 2.53
dls = dss dia
Rub = 0.90 Ru x b dls = 60 mm
Rub = 2274.22
Short Span Long Span
C.E. M.S. D.E. C.E. M.S. D.E.
m = 0.555 C 0.0000 0.0830 0.0550 0.0000 0.0500 0.00320
W = 7296 M 0.0000 3784.8 2508.0 0.0000 2280.0 1504.80
S = 2.50 dr 0 41 33 0 32 26
ds 70 70 70 60 60 60
q1 1.6949 1.6509 1.6660 1.6949 1.6590 1.6714
q2 0.0000 0.0441 0.0289 0.0000 0.0359 0.0235
pa 0.0000 0.0032 0.0021 0.0000 0.0026 0.0017
p 0.0000 0.0051 0.0051 0.0000 0.0051 0.0051
As 0.00 357.00 357.00 0.00 306.00 306.00
S 220.0 220.0 257.0 257.0
3.0 Purlin Design
Spacing of Supports: 3.50 m
Use Purlin Spacing: 0.70 m
IV: 7.5 H tan = 0.60 / 4.5 = 7.59
Area = 11.5 (11) = 126.50 m
Live Load = 580 Pa
Wind Load
Fww = 1.3 sin 7.59 - 0.5 = 0.33 (suction)
Flw = 0.50 (suction)
Wind Load + DL will result in a lower loading
Use DL only
Dead Load
Roofing Loads
Roofing = 96 N/m (0.70) = 67.20 N/m
3
Purlin Wt. = 6 lb (1 kg) (9.81 N) (3.28 ft) = 87.75 = 88N/m
Ft (2.2lb) (1 kg) (1m)
Total Load = 88 N/m + 67.2 N/m = 1.55.2 N/m
Live Load = 580 Pa (0.70) = 406 N/m
Loads along X-direction (using LL + DL comb)
Total Load = 561.2 N/m
x = 74.13 N/m
Loads along Y-direction (using LL + DL comb)
y = 556 N/m
Mx = l = 556 (3.5) = 851.38 Nm
8 8
My = l = 74.13 (3.5) = 113.51 Nm
8 8
Use FY = 248 mPa (Grade 36)
Using C75 x 6 use Fb = 0.66Fy
Fb = 0.66 (248) = 163.68 mPa
Use LZ 90 x 45 x 15 x 3.2
For interior spans
fbx = Mx = 851.38 x 10 Nm = 120.42 N/mm = 120.42 mPa
Sx 7.07 x 10 mm since Fb = 163.69 mPa OK
Fby = My = 113.51 x 10 Nmm = 38.74 N/mm = 38.74 mPa
Sy 2.93 x 10 mm since Fb = 163.69 mPa OK
For combined effect 120.42 + 38.74 =< 1.0
163.68 163.68
0.97 =< 1.0 OK
For cantilever sides
My = l/2 =556 (1)/2 = 278 Nm OK
Mx = l/2 =74.13 (1)/2 = 37.07 Nm OK
Check for shear
Fv = 0.40Fy = 0.40 (2.48) = 99.2 mPa
Fv = l = 561.2 (1) = 2.31 mPa << 99.2 mPa OK
A 2.43 x 10
Its safe to use LZ 90 x 45 x15 x 3.2 @ 0.70 m spacing
4.0 Roof Beam Design
DL: Beam Weight: 24.5 kN/m (0.15m)(0.30) = 1.10 kN/m
Walls: 2.45 kN/m (0.3) = 0.74 kN/m
Purlin Loads: 269 N/0.7m = 0.38 kN/m
Total DL = 2.22 kN/m
LL: Purlin Load : 704 N / 0.7m = 1 kN/m
v : 1.4 (2.22) + 1.7 (1) = 4.81 kN/m
vn = 4.77 kN/m
Mu = l = 4.77 (4.54) = 12.29 kNm use 15 kNm
4
8 8
Vu = l = 4.77 (4.54) = 10.83 kN use 11 kN
2 2
fc = 20 mPa fy = 275 mPa
b = 0.036 try = 0.01
= 0.85 fc (1- 1 2 Rn )
fSy ( 0.85fc)
Rn = 2.53 mPa
2.53 = 15 x 10
0.9 (150)d
d reqd = 209.56 mm use 250 mm h = 300 mm
As = bd = 0.01 (150)(250) = 375 mm
Use 2 -12mm + 1-16mm
Vmax = 11 kN = Vu
Vc = 0.85 20 (150) (250) = 23.76 kN
6
Vc < Vu < Vc Smax = 3Av fy = 3(2)(78.5)(2.75) =
863.5 mm
2 b 150
follow code provision for stirrups
use 12 mm, 1@50mm, rest@125mm o.c. to center
@Mid Span
TB : 2 12mm
BB : 2 12mm + 16mm
@Support
TB : 2 12mm + 16mm
BB : 2 12mm
5.0 2nd Floor Beams Design
DL: Walls = 2.11 kPa (2.50) = 5.28 kN/m
Beam Weight = 24.5 (0.15) (0.30) = 1.10 kN/m
Total = 6.38 (1.4) = 8.93 kN/m
Wu = 2 [Ws (3 - m)] = 2 [7.3 (2.5) (3 - 0.55)]
[ 3 ( 2 )] [ 3 ( 2 )]
Wu = 16.37 kN/m
Total Wu = 16.37 + 8.93 = 25.3 kN/m
Mmax = l = 25.3 (4.5) = 56.93 KN use 60 kNm
9 9
Vmax = 1.15 (25.30 (4.5) = 65.46 KN
2
Use fc = 20 mpa fy = 275 mPa min = 0.0051
b = 0.036 use = 0.01
= 0.85 fc ( 1 - 1 2Rn )
5
fy 0.85fc)
Rn = 2.53 mPa
2.53 = 60 x 10
0.9 (150) d
dreqd = 419.13 mm
Rn = 60 x 10 = 7 mPa
0.9 (150)(250)
reqd > max
use double reinforced beam
for TB @ supports
As = bd = 0.027 (150) (250) = 1012.50 mm
Mu = fy (1 - 0.59fy/fc)bd=0.9(0.027)(275)(10.59(0.027)(275)/20)150(250)
Mu = 48.93 kNm
As = Mu - Mu = 60 48.93 = 216.07 mm
fy(d-d) 0.9(275)(250-43)
As = 1012.50 + 216.07 = 1228.60 mm
Use 2 sets 20 mm & 16 mm bundled + 1pc 16 mm
A= As fy = (1012.50) (275) = 109.19 mm
0.85 fcb 0.85 (20) (150)
c= 109.19 / 0.85 = 128.46 mm
fs = 600 (1 43 ) = 399.16 mPa use fs = 275 mPa
128.46
As = Mu - Mu = 11.07 = 230 mm
(fs 0.85 fc) 0.9 [275 0.85(20)] (250 - 43)
use 2 16 mm
For BB @ supports
Rn = 30 x 10 = 3.56 mPa
0.9 (150) (250)
reqd = 0.85 (20) [1 - 1 - 2 (3.56) ]
275 [ 0.85 (20)]
reqd = 0.0147 < max = 0.027
As = bd = 0.0147 (150) (250)
As = 550.92 mm
use low risk use +Mu = 20 x 10
Rn = 20 x 10 = 2.37 mPa
0.9 (150) (250)
reqd = 0.0093 > min < max OK
As = bd = 0.0093 (150) (250)
As = 349.53 mm
Use 2 16 mm
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6.0 Column Design
Roof Loads: 11 kN x 2 = 22 kN
2 Floor:
nd 56.93 x 2 + 1979 x 2 = 153.44 kN
Grd. Flr.: 153.44 kN
Total Load = 328.88 kN
g = 6 (201.06) / 200 (300)
g = 0.0201
Pn = 0.80 Po
Po = Pn / 0.80 = 328.88 / 0.8 = 411.1 kN use 415 kN
415 = 0.7 Ag [0.85 (20) + 0.0201 (275 0.85 (20))]
Ag = 26.72 x 10 << Agsupp = 60 x 10 OK
Ast = gbd = 0.0201 (200) (250)
As = 1005 mm
use 6 16 mm
use ties 10 mm : 1@50 mm, 6@100mm rest@150mm o.c. to center
7.0 Footing Design
Total Load = 328.88 kN
Pu = 328.88 x 1.10 = 361.77 kN use 360 kN
qa = 160 kPa
Areqd = 360 = 2.25 m b= 1.50 m
160
Pu = 360 kN
qu = 360 = 240 kN/m
1.5
Mu = qu x =240 (0.65) = 50.7 kNm
2 2
Beam Shear
Vc = fc = 0.745 mPa
6
Vall = Vu/bd
0.745 = 156 x 10
0.85 (1500) d
D= 165.23 mm d = 169 mm cc = 50 mm use t = 225 mm
Rebars
Mu = bdfcq (1-0.59q)
50.7 x 10 = 0.9 (1500) (169) (20) q (1 0.59q)
q - 1.695q + 0.114=0
by quadratic equation, q = 0.0685
= 0.0050 < min
Use min = 0.0051
As = 0.0051 (1500) (169)
7
As = 1292.85 mm
Use 12 12 mm spaced equally B.W.
